沿着声音，继续发现。

从20世纪50年代的摇滚乐发展而来，融合布鲁斯、节奏布鲁斯与乡村音乐。

电子音乐（英语：Electronic music），亦简称电声、电音，是使用电子乐器以及电子音乐技术来制作的音乐；而创作或表演这类音乐的音乐家则称为电子音乐家。一般而言，使用电子机械技术与使用电子技术制作的声音是可以区别的。

诞生于19世纪末至20世纪初新奥尔良的非裔社区，即兴演奏是核心特征。

嘻哈音乐（英语：Hip-hop music；可简称Hip-hop，即嘻哈），也称为饶舌音乐（rap music），该流派最早期名为迪斯科说唱（disco-rap），是一种跟着伴奏、带着韵律吟诵（即饶舌）的音乐风格。因所用的伴奏多产生于音乐取样的方式，而被称作“嘻哈音乐”，两者均诞生于广义的嘻哈文化。

灵魂乐（英语：Soul music），又称骚灵乐、骚灵音乐，是一种流行音乐流派，发源于20世纪50年代末至60年代初美国各地的非裔美国人社区。灵魂乐的重要特征是其节奏朗朗上口，并辅以拍手和即兴的肢体动作。

蓝调，音译为布鲁斯（英语：Blues），是一个音乐流派和音乐形式，起源于19世纪末，非裔美国人在美国南方腹地及美国各地。这种流派的根源是从非洲传统音乐而来，非裔美国人的歌曲作品，黑人圣歌及欧洲白人移民美国传统的民间音乐，蓝调融合了黑人灵歌、工作歌曲、现场大声叫喊及回应、欢呼、吟唱和押韵成简单的民谣。

美国20年代的乡村录音音乐由民间音乐、布鲁斯与地域传统交汇形成。

现代流行音乐在50年代形成，以易记旋律和易于接受的歌曲结构为核心。

雷鬼乐（英文：Reggae），又译雷吉乐、瑞格乐、雷吉、雷鬼，是1960年代源自于牙买加的一种音乐类型，也是牙买加或牙买加侨民的流行乐。雷鬼的名称源自牙买加某个街道名称，意思是日常生活上一些琐碎的事情。

涵盖众多社区代代相传的音乐传统，并非源于单一地区或年代。

涵盖伊比利亚美洲及西班牙语、葡萄牙语音乐的集合，并非单一祖先流派。

此处指西方艺术音乐传统，跨越多个历史时期，今天仍在发展。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

探索下方分支与各个音乐传统。

Andalusi classical music (Arabic: طرب أندلسي, romanized: ṭarab ʾandalusī; Spanish: música andalusí), also called Andalusi music or Arab-Andalusian music, is a genre of music originally developed in al-Andalus by the Muslim population of the region and the Moors. It then spread and influenced many different styles across the Maghreb (Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia) mainly after the Expulsion of the Moriscos.

印度传统音乐包含了南印度、北印度与巴基斯坦地区的三种传统音乐的总称，形成时间可远溯自12世纪之前。虽然三地区传统音乐风格有些许差异，但特点都是使用即兴表演的音乐曲调结构，及循环的副歌节奏模式。

朝鲜宫廷音乐是朝鲜传统音乐的一种，主要指朝鲜王朝的宫廷音乐。人们对朝鲜王朝以前的朝鲜半岛宫廷音乐知之甚少。

Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (historically known as Persia). It consists of characteristics developed through the country's classical, medieval, and contemporary eras.

Kurdish classical music (Kurdish: میوزیکی کلاسیکی کوردی, romanized: Mîwzîkî klasîkî Kurdî, Kurdish pronunciation: [mjuːzɪkɪ klaːsɪkɪ koːrdɪ]; or مۆسیقای کلاسیکی کوردی, Mosîqay kilasîkî Kurdî) is the traditional art music of the Kurdish people, developed across various regions of the Middle East. It is rooted in oral traditions and typically features melodic modes, poetic lyrics, and traditional instruments.

Ottoman music (Turkish: Osmanlı müziği) or Turkish classical music (Turkish: Klasik Türk musikisi, or more recently Türk sanat müziği, 'Turkish art music') is the tradition of classical music originating in the Ottoman Empire. Developed in the palace, major Ottoman cities, and Sufi lodges, it traditionally features a solo singer with a small to medium-sized instrumental ensemble.

早期古典音乐一般意指在1600年之前不同时期的欧洲古典音乐风格，包括有：中世纪音乐和文艺复兴音乐，有时亦可囊括巴洛克音乐（1600-1750）年在内，但并不包括古希腊时期的音乐（在这时期之前的音乐被称之为古希腊音乐、古罗马音乐）。 西方国家一群具有古乐器演奏技巧、音乐史、乐器艺术、配器方面专业知识的音乐家和乐团研究并尝试还原古典音乐的音响效果。

文艺复兴音乐约为公元1400年－1600年，在中世纪“新艺术”的基础上，更加追求人性的解放与对人的内心情感的抒发与表达。这时的音乐家在人文主义思潮的推动下，对复调音乐进行了发展和变革，声乐与器乐逐渐分离而独立发展。

在古典音乐史中，共晓时期（英语：Common practice period）是指从调性体系的形成到瓦解的这段时期。一般来说，巴洛克音乐中后期、古典主义时期和浪漫主义时期，或者说从大约1650年到1900年的这段时期是典型的共晓时期。

Baroque music (UK: or US: ) refers to the period or dominant style of Western classical music composed from about 1600 to 1750. The Baroque style followed the Renaissance period, and was followed in turn by the Classical period after a short transition (the galant style).

In music, galant refers to the style which was fashionable in the upper-class societies of Western Europe from the 1720s to the 1770s. In the 19th and 20th centuries, musicologists gave the term a narrower meaning.

古典主义音乐指的是1750至1825年时期的欧洲主流音乐。海顿、莫扎特和贝多芬是古典主义音乐的杰出代表，由于他们都在维也纳度过自己的创作成熟时期，因而也称作“维也纳古典乐派”。

浪漫时期的音乐是维也纳古典乐派的延续和发展，是西方音乐史上的一种音乐风格或者一个时代。

二十世纪古典音乐，是指自1900年至2000年，继承欧洲古典音乐而来的一个音乐纪元，这个世纪没有一种统治性的风格，作曲家创造出各种各样的音乐。现代主义、印象主义和后浪漫主义等音乐都可以追溯到世纪之交之前的几十年，但它们之所以能被包括在内，是因为它们跨越了19世纪、比共晓时期风格的音乐更进一步。

现代主义音乐是一个音乐流派，它泛指19世纪末至20世纪初以来的音乐创作，现代主义音乐不拘泥于传统音乐，它在节奏、旋律、和声等方面有所突破。例如阿诺德·勋伯格在无调音乐和十二音技作品中摒弃了调性，而伊戈尔·斯特拉文斯基则摒弃了节拍。

印象主义音乐是19世纪主要在法国流行的一种音乐样式，受象征主义文学和印象主义绘画的影响，这类作品并不描述现实的事件，而是建立在色彩、运动和暗示（Suggestion）之上。印象主义音乐带有一种完全抽象的、超越现实的色彩，是音乐进入现代主义的开端。

新古典主义音乐是19世纪至20世纪古典音乐的一种流派。在美学上反对浪漫主义音乐和后浪漫主义音乐的标题性和主观性以及夸张渲染的表现手法，强调创作采用中立客观的立场和明晰的音乐语言。

极端现代主义是现代性理论的分支。倾向于以视觉美学来看待理性秩序。

后现代主义音乐是在后现代主义时期产生的遵奉严肃音乐传统的音乐作品。这个概念也描述所有遵从后现代主义美学和哲学趋势的音乐。

Experimental music is a general label for any music or music genre that pushes existing boundaries and genre definitions. Experimental compositional practice is defined broadly by exploratory sensibilities radically opposed to, and questioning of, institutionalized compositional, performing, and aesthetic conventions in music.

当代古典音乐（英语：Contemporary classical music），通常是指由1970年代中期至1990年代早期创作的新音乐（德语：Neue Musik），包含着现代主义音乐、后现代音乐、新浪漫主义音乐和折衷主义等风格。不过有时当代古典音乐可以泛指1945年之后的作品。

极简音乐在1960年代时被提出作为实验音乐中的一种音乐风格，这个派别大都展现以下的特色： 如果不具功能调性（functional tonality），则强调和谐的和弦。 乐句、或较小单位的figure、motif、cell会不断重复。

原音乐（英语：unplugged music）及原音乐器是在20世纪电子音乐面世后，为了将传统真实的、未经电子处理（或不是由电子信号产生音波）的乐器与之区别而衍生的返璞词。英文中分别用了两个词来表示，一个是「acoustic」，原意为声学但在这里被引申为「由真实乐器天然地产生的（声音）」；另一个「unplugged」则表示「不经电子处理的（乐器）」。

先锋音乐（英语：Avant-garde music），又称前卫音乐，泛指当代音乐范畴中前卫的音乐，专指出现于西方20世纪起古典音乐这个总体概念中的一个分支。先锋音乐的显著特征是突破传统文化的种种清规戒律，超越约定俗成的创作原则及欣赏习惯。

跨界音乐（Crossover Music）是一种新的音乐形式，其音乐作品或表演者吸引不同类型的听众，富变化性质且平易近人。例如，当一首歌曲出现在两个或多个不同音乐风格或类型的排行榜上时，就是一种跨界音乐。

Danger music is an experimental form of avant-garde 20th- and 21st-century music and performance art. It is based on the concept that some pieces of music can or will harm either the listener or the performer, understanding that the piece in question may or may not be performed.

Drone music (also known as drone-based music, or simply drone) is a minimalist genre of music that emphasizes the use of sustained sounds, notes, or tone clusters called drones. It is typically characterized by lengthy compositions featuring relatively slight harmonic variations.

电子原音音乐（法语：musique acousmatique）又称电子幻声音乐、电子声学音乐，是西方艺术音乐的一个流派。 它的根源延承自1948年法国音乐家皮埃尔·舍费尔（Pierre Schaeffer）发明的具象音乐（musique concrète）和1950年代初在德国科隆发展的电子音乐（elektronische Musik）。

工业音乐（英语：Industrial music）是一种实验/电子音乐的音乐风格，以其越界或挑衅的声音、主题而着称。该名称来源于1970年代中期，Industrial Records刚刚成立的时候。

器乐是相对于声乐而言，完全使用乐器演奏而不用人声或者人声处于附属地位的音乐。演奏的乐器可以包括所有种类的弦乐器、木管乐器、铜管乐器和打击乐器，有的器乐曲也应用部分人声作为效果，但部分作曲家有时也加入一些人声，例如《贝多芬第九交响曲》的《欢乐颂》合唱部分，但总的来说交响曲属于器乐而不属于声乐。

低保真音乐（英语：Lo-fi music）指的是音乐制作中故意使用不完美的音质录制的音乐作品，会将录制过程中的杂音、呼吸声等一并录制下来，多是出于艺术性考虑而刻意为之。低保真音乐在1990年代即被视为流行音乐的一种曲风，当时人们称之为DIY音乐（DIY music）。

音乐即兴，或即兴演奏，是在演奏音乐同时亦即时参与创作。演奏者可以依据或没有依据乐谱，在演奏的同时加入自己的创意，或透过聆听其它演奏者即时作出回应。

具象音乐，也称具体音乐（法语：Musique concrète），在1948年由皮埃尔·谢弗提出。他公演的第一部具象音乐作品是《铁路上的练习曲》（Etude aux Chemins de Fer）。

噪音音乐（Noise music）是音乐的一种类型，指的是在音乐语境中大量运用噪音表现的音乐，属于实验音乐的一种。这种音乐意在挑战传统音乐实践中产生的乐音与非乐音之界限。

Outsider music (from "outsider art") is music created by self-taught or naïve musicians. The term is usually applied to musicians who have little or no traditional musical experience, who exhibit childlike qualities in their music, or who have intellectual disabilities, mental illnesses or a nerve disorder.

Progressive music is music that attempts to expand existing stylistic boundaries associated with specific genres of music. The word comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to advancements through accumulation, and is often deployed in the context of distinct genres, with progressive rock being the most notable example.

迷幻音乐（英语：Psychedelic music），有时也简称为迷幻（psychedelia），是一种音乐流派，有着丰富的流行音乐风格。1960年代兴起了一种叫作迷幻文化的次文化，人们沉迷于各类迷幻药物，如麦角酸二乙基酰胺（LSD）、迷幻蘑菇、麦司卡林和二甲基色胺（DMT）等，以此引起幻觉，扭曲正常感官并感受不寻常的体验。

地下音乐泛指所有不符合标准类型或未被分类，没有被商品化，通常不会在主流媒体出现的音乐类型，特色是具有高比例的原创性和实验性。地下音乐会刻意不去迎合既有音乐类型、流行趋势或大众喜好，因此会被认为是特立独行的，甚至是反文化的。

African blues is a genre of popular music, primarily from West Africa. The term may also reference a putative journey undertaken by traditional African music from its homeland to the United States and back.

Anatolian blues or Turkish blues music is a type of music that is a combination of Turkish folk music and blues. Yavuz Çetin, Asım Can Gündüz and Can Gox are the most known singers and musicians in Anatolian blues music.

蓝调摇滚（英语：Blues rock）是融合了蓝调与摇滚元素所形成的音乐流派。蓝调摇滚主要是以电吉他、电贝斯与鼓及哈蒙德风琴等乐器作演出伴奏。

布基乌基（英语：Boogie-woogie）又译为布吉伍吉或布吉音乐，是1920年代后期流行的音乐流派，是在1870年代非洲裔美国人的社区发展起来。它最后从钢琴衍伸到钢琴二重奏和三重奏，吉他、大乐队、乡村和西部音乐，以及福音音乐。

英国蓝调（英语：British blues）是源自美国蓝调的一种音乐形式，起源于1950年代后期，并且在1960年代达到主流人气的高峰，蓝调在当时开发了一种由电吉他主导支配着独特而有影响力的音乐风格，使得有一些艺术家和乐团是蓝调的支持者，包括滚石乐团、动物乐团、艾瑞克·克莱普顿、佛利伍麦克乐团和齐柏林飞船乐团。

Canadian blues is the blues and blues-related music (e.g., blues rock) performed by blues bands and performers in Canada. Canadian blues artists include singers, players of the main blues instruments: guitar (acoustic and electric), harmonica ("blues harp"), keyboards (piano and Hammond organ), bass and drums, songwriters and music producers.

随着人口迁徙，南方布鲁斯进入芝加哥，电吉他和乐队塑造了都市声音。

Classic female blues was an early form of blues music, dominated by women that was popular in the 1920s in the United States. An amalgam of traditional folk blues and urban theater music, the style is also known as vaudeville blues.

当代节奏布鲁斯（英语：Contemporary Rhythm and Blues，又简写为当代R&B，有时也称为当代节奏蓝调）但通常简称节奏布鲁斯或节奏蓝调，是一种除了节奏布鲁斯外也混合了灵魂、放克、流行、嘻哈和电子风格的音乐类型。当代节奏布鲁斯的歌手常使用装饰音，这些歌手包括迈克尔·杰克逊、劳·凯利、克雷格·大卫、惠妮·休斯顿、玛丽亚·凯莉等等。

乡村蓝调（英语：Country blues），又称为民间蓝调，乡下蓝调，边远地区蓝调或乡土蓝调，是一种以吉他为主轴而产生的蓝调音乐形式，将蓝调元素与乡村音乐和民间音乐特征混合运用在一起而成。蓝调在美国南部诞生以后，迅速蔓延到全国各个地区，产生了许多地区的风格。

三角洲蓝调（英语：Delta blues）是最早的蓝调音乐风格之一。它起源于美国密西西比三角洲这个区域，北部从田纳西州的孟菲斯到南部密西西比州的维克斯堡，西部 则从阿肯色州的海伦娜到东部的亚祖河。

Tishoumaren (ⵜⵉⵛⵓⵎⴰⵔⴻⵏ in Neo-Tifinagh script) or assouf, internationally known as desert blues, is a style of music from the Sahara region of northern and west Africa. Critics describe the music as a fusion of blues and rock music from the United States, with Tuareg, Malian or North African music.

Detroit blues is blues music played by musicians residing in and around Detroit, Michigan, particularly in the 1940s and 1950s. Detroit blues originated when Delta blues performers migrated north from the Mississippi Delta and Memphis, Tennessee, to work in industrial plants in Detroit in the 1920s and 1930s.

电蓝调（英语：Electric blues）也称为电子蓝调，泛指任何对于乐器通过使用放大器来区别的蓝调音乐。吉他是最早开始普遍使用放大器的乐器，并被1930年代后期的丁骨·沃尔克和1940年的约翰·李·胡克及马迪·沃特斯使用 。

Gospel blues (or holy blues) is a form of blues-based gospel music that has been around since the inception of blues music. It combines evangelistic lyrics with blues instrumentation, often blues guitar accompaniment.

Hill country blues (also known as North Mississippi hill country blues or North Mississippi blues) is a regional style of country blues. It is characterized by a strong emphasis on rhythm and percussion, steady guitar riffs, few chord changes, unconventional song structures, and heavy emphasis on the "groove", which has been characterized as the "hypnotic boogie".

Hokum is a particular song type of American blues music—a song which uses extended analogies or euphemistic terms to make humorous, sexual innuendos. This trope goes back to early dirty blues recordings, enjoyed huge commercial success in the 1920s and 1930s, and is used from time to time in modern American blues and blues rock.

Jump blues is an uptempo style of blues with jazz and boogie woogie influence, usually played by small groups and featuring horn instruments. It was popular in the 1940s and was a precursor of rhythm and blues and rock and roll.

Louisiana blues is a genre of blues music that developed in the period after World War II in the state of Louisiana. It is generally divided into two major subgenres, with the jazz-influenced New Orleans blues based on the musical traditions of that city and the slower tempo swamp blues incorporating influences from zydeco and Cajun music from around Baton Rouge.

The Memphis blues is a style of blues music created from the 1910s to the 1930s by musicians in the Memphis area, such as Frank Stokes, Sleepy John Estes, Furry Lewis and Memphis Minnie. The style was popular in vaudeville and medicine shows and was associated with Beale Street, the main entertainment area in Memphis.

New Orleans blues is a subgenre of blues that developed in and around the city of New Orleans, influenced by jazz and Caribbean music. It is dominated by piano and saxophone, but also produced guitar bluesmen.

The history of blues in New Zealand dates from the 1960s. The earliest blues influences on New Zealand musicians were indirect – not from the United States but from white British blues musicians: first the R&B styles of Fleetwood Mac, Eric Clapton, The Animals and The Rolling Stones, and later the blues-tinged rock of groups such as Led Zeppelin.

Piedmont blues (also known as East Coast, or Southeastern blues) refers primarily to a guitar style, which is characterized by a fingerpicking approach in which a regular, alternating thumb bass string rhythmic pattern supports a syncopated melody using the treble strings generally picked with the fore-finger, occasionally others. The result is comparable in sound to ragtime or stride piano styles.

Punk blues (or blues punk) is a music genre that mixes elements of punk rock and blues. Punk blues musicians and bands usually incorporate elements of related styles, such as protopunk and blues rock.

节奏布鲁斯（英语：Rhythm and blues，简称R&B或RnB）是一种美国非裔艺术家首先采用，并融合了爵士乐、福音音乐和蓝调音乐的音乐形式。此音乐术语是由美国告示牌（Billboard）于1940年代末所提出。

嘟·喔普（英语：Doo-wop）是一种音乐类型，于1940年代发源于纽约、费城、芝加哥、巴尔的摩等美国大城市的非裔美国人社区，于1950年代和1960年代初期成为了主流风格。该类型是当时最主流、最流行化的节奏布鲁斯风格，这一称呼首次于1961年见诸于出版物。

Soul blues is a style of blues music developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s that combines elements of soul music and urban contemporary music.

Swamp blues is a type of Louisiana blues that developed in the Black communities of Southwest Louisiana in the 1950s. It incorporates influences from other genres, particularly zydeco and Cajun.

Talking blues is a music genre derived from folk and country music. It is characterized by rhythmic speech or near-speech where the melody is free, but the rhythm is strict.

德克萨斯州蓝调 （英语：Texas blues）简称德州蓝调是一种蓝调音乐风格。德州蓝调通常比其他蓝调风格拥有更多爵士乐或摇摆乐的风格。

West Coast blues is a type of blues music influenced by jazz and jump blues, with strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos, which originated from Texas blues players who relocated to California in the 1940s. West Coast blues also features smooth, honey-toned vocals, frequently crossing into rhythm and blues territory.

Alternative country (also alt-country, insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.

Americana is a general term for roots or traditional music formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.

Progressive country is a term used variously to describe a movement, radio format or subgenre of country music which developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s as a reaction against the slick, pop-oriented Nashville sound. Progressive country artists drew from Bakersfield and classic honky-tonk country and rock and roll, as well as folk, bluegrass, blues and Southern rock.

Cowpunk (or country punk) is a subgenre of country music and punk rock that began in the United Kingdom and Southern California in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It combines punk rock or new wave with country, folk, and blues in its sound, lyrical subject matter, attitude, and style.

Gothic country (sometimes referred to as gothic Americana, Southern Gothic, the Denver sound, or dark country) is a genre of country music rooted in early jazz, gospel, Americana, gothic rock, and post-punk. Its lyrics focus on dark subject matters.

Roots rock is a genre of rock music that looks back to rock's origins in folk, blues, and country music. First emerging in the late 1960s, it is seen as a response to the perceived excesses of the then dominant psychedelic and the developing progressive rock.

Australian country music is a part of the music of Australia. There is a broad range of styles, from bluegrass, to yodeling to folk to the more popular.

A bush band is a group of musicians that play Australian bush ballads. A similar bush band tradition is also found in New Zealand.

The Bakersfield sound is a sub-genre of country music developed in the mid-to-late 1950s in and around Bakersfield, California. Bakersfield is defined by its influences of rock and roll and honky-tonk style country, and its heavy use of electric instrumentation and backbeats.

蓝草音乐（英语：Bluegrass music）是1940年代在美国阿巴拉契亚地区发展起来的一种美国根源音乐流派。该流派得名于由比尔·门罗领导的乐队“比尔·门罗与蓝草男孩”。

Traditional bluegrass, as the name implies, emphasizes the traditional elements of bluegrass music, and stands in contrast to progressive bluegrass. Traditional bluegrass musicians play folk songs, tunes with simple traditional chord progressions, and on acoustic instruments of a type that were played by bluegrass pioneer Bill Monroe and his Blue Grass Boys band in the late 1940s.

Blue yodeling (meaning 'melancholy yodeling') is a musical style that essentially consists of a combination of elements of blues and old-time music, enriched with characteristic yodelings. Initially sometimes referred to as "yodeling blues", it reached its greatest popularity during the 1920s and 1930s in the United States, Canada and Australia.

Bro-country is a form of country pop originating in the 2010s, and is influenced by 21st-century hip hop, hard rock, and electronica. Bro-country songs are often musically upbeat with lyrics about attractive young women, the consumption of alcohol, partying, blue jeans, boots, and pickup trucks.

Cajun music (French: Musique cadienne) is a traditional genre of music from Louisiana. An emblematic music of Louisiana played by the Cajuns, it is rooted in the ballads of the French-speaking Acadians of Canada.

Cajun fiddle music is a part of the American fiddle music canon. It is derived from the music of southwest Louisiana and southeast Texas, as well as sharing repertoire from the Quebec and Cape Breton Island traditions.

Canadian country music originated in the early 20th century, with roots in the diverse musical practices of the Appalachian region of Eastern North America. Appalachian folk music was largely Scottish and Irish, with an important influence also being the African American country blues.

Christian country music (sometimes marketed as country gospel, gospel country, positive country or inspirational country) is music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as (in terms of the varying music styles) to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music. Christian country music is a form of Christian music, and a subgenre of both Gospel music and Country music.

Classic country is a music radio format that specializes in playing mainstream country and western music hits from past decades.

Country and Irish, also known as Culchie and Western, is a musical subgenre in Ireland formed by mixing North American country-style music with Irish influences. It is especially popular in the rural Midlands and North-West of the country, but less so in urban areas or in the South-West where more traditional Irish music is favoured.

当代民谣音乐（Contemporary folk music）是指在二十世纪初出现，和传统民谣音乐有关的音乐流派。从二十世纪中期，开始从传统民谣音乐演变出新的当代民谣流行音乐。

乡村流行乐（英语：Country pop）源自乡村音乐和流行乐的一个子类别，虽然起初被归类在乡村音乐里，但因为在1950年代后期开始类似乡村音乐努力的延续，最初称为纳什维尔之声。到了1970年代中期，许多乡村音乐歌手正从乡村流行的声音过渡，努力导向一些唱片进入《告示牌杂志》主流排行的前40名，以及在乡村音乐排行榜高居榜首的成功后，现在的乡村流行乐比较像是成人抒情音乐。

乡村说唱是一种融合了乡村音乐和嘻哈风格的说唱的音乐流派。

乡村摇滚（英语：Country rock）是流行音乐其中的一个音乐流派，由摇滚乐和乡村音乐融合而成。这个音乐流派是从1960年代后期和1970年代初期，一些开始录制乡村音乐的摇滚音乐家所发展出来。

Cowboy pop is a music genre coined in 1984 by music journalist J. D. Considine in his review of Scenic Views by Rubber Rodeo. Usage of the term has varied.

Dansband (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈdânsˌband] ; "dance band"), or danseband in Norwegian and Danish, is a Swedish term for a band that plays dansbandsmusik (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈdânsˌbandsmɵˌsiːk] ; "dance band music"). Dansbandsmusik is often danced to in pairs.

Tropical rock (also known as trop rock or Gulf and Western) is a genre of popular music that incorporates elements and influences of rock, reggae, country, folk, calypso, zydeco, and pop music, with themes and musical compositions inspired by an island style. Although today tropical rock is usually associated with southern Florida and the Gulf Coast of the United States, tropical rock has its roots in calypso, rock, and country by artists such as Jerry Jeff Walker.

The term honky-tonk (also called honkatonk, honkey-tonk, honky tonk, or tonk) refers either to a bar that provides country music for the entertainment of its patrons, or to the particular genre of music which is played at such establishments itself. It can also refer to the type of piano (a tack piano) used to play such music.

拉伯克 （英语：Lubbock /ˈlʌbək/ LUB-ək）是美国德克萨斯州西北部的一个城市、拉伯克县县治。面积297.6平方公里，根据2015年人口普查, 人口约有249,042人， 是美国第85大城市、德州第10大城。

The Nashville sound is a subgenre of American country music that originated in the 1950s in Nashville, Tennessee. It replaced the dominance of the rough honky tonk music with "smooth strings and choruses", "sophisticated background vocals" and "smooth tempos" associated with traditional pop.

Neotraditional country (also known as new traditional country, or hardcore country) is a country music style and subgenre that developed in the 1980s and emphasizes the traditional country instrumental background (i.e. fiddle and pedal steel guitar) and traditional country vocals found in subgenres popularized in the 1940s-60s.

Old-time music is a genre of North American folk music. It developed along with various North American folk dances, such as square dancing, contra dancing and buck dancing.

Outlaw country is a subgenre of American country music created by a small group of artists active in the 1970s and early 1980s, known collectively as the outlaw movement, who fought for, and won, their creative freedom outside of the Nashville establishment that dictated the sound of most country music of the era. Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, Kris Kristofferson, David Allan Coe, Johnny Paycheck and Jerry Jeff Walker were among the movement's most commercially successful members.

Regional Mexican music, also known as Música Mexicana, is an umbrella term encompassing the regional subgenres of Mexico's folk music and its derivatives from the Southwestern United States. It is characterized by its stylistic diversity, with each subgenre representing and originating from a specific region of Mexico.

洛卡比里（Rockabilly）称为山区乡村摇滚或乡下乡村摇滚或乡村摇滚乐，是最早的摇滚乐风格之一，可追溯到20世纪50年代初在美国，尤其是南方。作为一个音乐流派它融合的声音有着北美西部音乐风格，如乡村音乐与节奏蓝调，导致那些后来被认为是“经典”摇滚。

Psychobilly (also known as punkabilly) is a rock music fusion genre that fuses elements of rockabilly and punk rock. It has been defined as "loud frantic rockabilly music", it has also been said that it "takes the traditional countrified rock style known as rockabilly, ramp[ing] up its speed to a sweaty pace, and combin[ing] it with punk rock and imagery lifted from horror films and late-night sci-fi schlock,...

Gothabilly (sometimes hellbilly) is music genre influenced by rockabilly and the goth subculture. The name is a portmanteau word that combines gothic and rockabilly, first used by the Cramps in the late 1970s to describe their somber blend of rockabilly and punk rock.

Scrumpy and Western is music from England's West Country that fuses comical folk-style songs, often full of double entendre, with affectionate parodies of more mainstream musical genres, all delivered in the local accent/dialect. The name, taken from the title of the 1967 Scrumpy & Western EP by Adge Cutler and the Wurzels, refers to scrumpy, strongly alcoholic cider produced in the West Country; it is a play on the American genre of country and western music.

南方摇滚(英语：Southern rock)是美国摇滚音乐的一个音乐流派，从乡村音乐和蓝调在美国南部地区发展而来，焦点一般都集中在电吉他和人声上。虽然南方摇滚一词的起源是未知的，但“许多人都认为摇滚乐的贡献者在摇滚乐发展史上已经被极小化了”。

Southern soul or country soul is a type of soul and country music that emerged from the Southern United States. The music originated from a combination of styles, including blues (both 12 bar and jump), country, early R&B, and a strong gospel influence that emanated from the sounds of Southern black churches.

Sertanejo music (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [seʁ.taˈne.ʒu]) is a term used to refer to a musical style of Brazil. For some, it is the folk music of São Paulo, which emerged during the Brazilian colonial period, and popularized in the 1920s, while others argue that it is a variation or urbanization of Caipira music, which is integrated into Caipira culture.

Truck-driving country or trucker country is a subgenre of country and western music. It is characterized by lyrical content about trucks (i.e.

西部音乐是一种乡村音乐，由在美国西部和加拿大西部定居和工作的人创作。西部音乐赞美北美西部开阔的牧场、洛矶山脉和大草原上的牛仔生活方式。

The New Mexico music genre (Spanish: música nuevo mexicana / neomexicana) is a genre of music that originated in the US state of New Mexico. It derives from Pueblo music in the 13th century, and with the folk music of Hispanos during the 16th to 19th centuries in Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

Red dirt is a genre of country music that gets its name from the color of soil found in Oklahoma. Many red dirt acts got their start in bars surrounding Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, a city considered to be the center of red dirt music.

Tejano music (Spanish: música tejana), also known as Tex-Mex music, is a popular music style fusing American and Mexican influences. Its evolution began in northern Mexico (a variation of regional Mexican music known as norteño).

Texas country music (more popularly known just as Texas country or Texas music) is a subgenre of country music from Texas. Texas country is a style of Western music and is often associated with other distinct neighboring styles, including red dirt from Oklahoma, the New Mexico music of New Mexico, and Tejano in Texas, all of which have influenced one another over the years, and are popular throughout Texas, the Midwest, the Southwest, and other parts of the Western United States.

Western swing, also known as country jazz, is a subgenre of traditional country music. The movement was an outgrowth of country music and jazz.

Zydeco ( ZY-dih-koh, -⁠dee-; French: zarico) is a music genre that was created in rural Southwest Louisiana by French-speaking African Americans of Creole heritage. It incorporates blues and rhythm and blues with music indigenous to the Louisiana Creoles, such as la la and juré.

氛围音乐（Ambient music）是在传统音乐结构或韵律之上更着重于色调和氛围的一种音乐类型，又译为气氛音乐或环境音乐。氛围音乐拥有一种“环境的”、「视觉的」， 或者「不被人察觉的」特质，其与流行、商业化的音乐比起来大多更加冗长。

回响音乐（英语：Dub music）是一种于20世纪60年代从雷鬼发展出来的电子音乐风格 虽然经过长年发展它已经超出了雷鬼音乐的范畴，但依然被普遍地认为是其子流派之一。 从现有唱片采样，明显地剪辑和重塑所采样的片段，并重新混音是回响音乐的重要风格特征， ，常用的手法包括：消除原有的人声、突出律动的部分（从原曲中提取鼓和贝斯元素的行为有时被称作“riddim”）、偶尔加入原曲或其他曲目的人声或器乐片段并运用大量混响与回声效果器。

Dark ambient (originally known as ambient industrial) is a subgenre of ambient and post-industrial music, that originally emerged in the mid-1980s. It is characterized by ominous, dark drones, discordant overtones and a gloomy, monumental or catacomb-inspired atmosphere.

Dungeon synth is a genre of electronic music derived from black metal and dark ambient. The style emerged in the early 1990s, predominantly among members of the early Norwegian black metal scene.

Dreampunk is a microgenre of electronic music characterized by its focus on cinematic ambience and field recordings, combined with various traits and techniques from electronic genres such as techno, jungle, electro, and dubstep.

Illbient is a genre of electronic music and an art movement that originated among hip hop-influenced experimental musicians from New York City in the early 1990s. The word "illbient" combines the hip hop slang term "ill" with "ambient"; DJ Olive and DJ Spooky, pioneers of the genre, have claimed to have coined the term.

新世纪音乐（英语：New Age music），又译作新纪元音乐，是一种在1970年代出现的音乐形式，最早用于帮助冥思及洁浄心灵，但许多后期的创作者已不再抱有这种出发点。另一种说法是：由于其丰富多彩、富于变换，不同于以前任何一种音乐；它并非单指一个类别，而是一个范畴，一切不同以往，象征时代更替诠释精神内涵的改良音乐都可归于此内，所以被命名为New Age，即新世纪音乐。

Space music, also called spacemusic or space ambient, is a subgenre of ambient music and is described as "tranquil, hypnotic and moving". It is derived from new-age music and is associated with lounge music, easy listening, and elevator music.

Bass music is any of several genres of electronic dance music and hip hop music arising from the 1980s on, focusing on a prominent bass drum and/or bassline sound. As one source notes, there are "many different types of bass music to fall into, each putting a different spin on one of music's loudest elements".

回响贝斯（英语：Dubstep），在1990年代诞生，源起英国伦敦南部的电子音乐，融合了牙买加搭乐和车库二步等旁系风格。音乐重点大多被形容成“紧密的制作与鼓的节奏两拍成一组，最早回电台播放这类型的音乐。

蒙巴顿（英语：Moombahton, /ˈmuːmbətɒn/, MOOM-bə-ton）是浩室音乐和雷鬼音乐的融合流派 ，由美国DJ和制作人戴夫‧纳达（Dave Nada）于2009年创造。

Post-dubstep is an umbrella term applied to a range of musical styles that have been influenced by the sparse, syncopated rhythms and heavy sub-bass of the UK dubstep scene. The breadth of styles associated with the term post-dubstep precluded it from being a specific musical genre in the early 2010s.

Reggaestep (portmanteau of reggae and dubstep) is a fusion genre of reggae music and dubstep that gained popularity online in the early 2010s, particularly on SoundCloud. Reggaestep typically has similar drum samples as those used in reggae; however, the timing of these drums corresponds with the typical syncopation of drums in dubstep.

Riddim is a subgenre of dubstep known for its heavy use of repetitive and minimalist sub-bass and triplet percussion arrangements. It shares the same name as the Jamaican genre that influenced both it and dubstep, which originally derived from dub, reggae, and dancehall.

Footwork, also called juke, or Chicago juke, is a genre of electronic dance music derived from ghetto house with elements of hip hop, first appearing in Chicago in the late 1990s. The music style evolved from the earlier, rapid rhythms of ghetto house, a change pioneered by RP Boo, DJ Rashad and DJ Clent.

未来贝斯（英语：Future bass），或未来贝司、未来低音，是一类电子舞曲流派或技术的总称。主要流行于英国、美国、日本、中国和澳大利亚等地。

电子浩室（英语：Electro house）是浩室音乐的一个类型。 拥有浩室音乐基本的特色，由鼓声器所组成拍子，伴随着明显的低音声线和大鼓（Kick Drum），此外电子浩室的最大特征在于是在每一个拍点都有显著的鼓打贝斯。

New beat is a Belgian electronic dance music genre that fuses elements of new wave, hi-NRG, EBM and hip hop (e.g. scratching).

EDM trap music, Trap EDM, or simply Trap, is a fusion genre of hip-hop, rave, and electronic dance music (EDM), that originated in the early 2010s on peaking popularity of big room house and hip hop trap genres. It blends elements of hip hop trap, which is an offshoot of Southern hip-hop, with elements of EDM like build-ups, drops, dense production with rave music synthesizers, and breakdowns.

UK bass, also called bass music, is a genre of electronic dance music that emerged in the United Kingdom during the mid-2000s under the influence of diverse genres such as house, grime, dubstep, future garage, R&B, and UK funky. The term "UK bass" came into use as artists began ambiguously blending the sounds of these defined genres while maintaining an emphasis on percussive, bass-led rhythm.

Wave is a genre of bass music and a visual art style that emerged in the early 2010s in online communities. It is characterized by atmospheric melodies and harmonies, melodic and heavy bass such as reese, modern trap drums, chopped vocal samples processed with reverb and delay, and arpeggiators.

Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat hardcore, and UK garage styles (including 2-step, breakstep and dubstep).

Baltimore club, also called B'more club, B'more house or simply B'more, is a music genre that fuses breakbeat and house. It was created in Baltimore in the early 1990s by Frank Ski, Scottie B, Shawn Caesar, DJ Technics, DJ Class, DJ Patrick, Kenny B, among others.

泽西具乐部（英语：Jersey club）又称砖城具乐部（英语：Brick City club），是一种电子舞曲流派，起源于20世纪90年代后期的新泽西州纽瓦克，以舞蹈为重点。泽西具乐部起源于巴尔的摩具乐部、bounce、crunk和纽瓦克早期的家庭场景，是一种断奏、低音重的舞曲风格，以霹雳、大约130-140 bpm的快速节奏、大声叫喊、经常以呼叫和响应的方式以及经常从嘻哈或流行音乐中截取大量样本为特征。

Big beat is an electronic music genre that usually uses heavy breakbeats and synthesizer-generated loops and patterns – common to acid house/techno. The term has been used by the British music industry to describe music by artists such as The Prodigy, The Chemical Brothers and Fatboy Slim.

Breakbeat hardcore (also referred to as hardcore rave, oldskool hardcore or simply hardcore) is a music genre that spawned from the UK rave scene during the early 1990s. It combines four-on-the-floor rhythms with breakbeats usually sampled from hip-hop.

Darkcore (also referred to as darkside hardcore) is a music subgenre of breakbeat hardcore in the UK rave scene, that emerged from late 1992. It is recognised as being one of the direct precursors of the genre now known as drum and bass.

Broken beat (sometimes referred to as "bruk") is an electronic dance music genre that emerged in the late 1990s and is characterized by syncopated beats and frenetic, choppy rhythms, often alongside female vocals and elements inspired by 1970s jazz-funk. It has been heavily influenced by styles such as house, drum and bass, hip hop, techno, acid jazz, and R&B. The eclectic style generally avoided rigid four-on-the-floor rhythms and could make use of samplers, analogue synths, and live instrumentation.

Florida breaks, which may also be referred to as The Orlando Sound, Orlando breaks, or The Breaks, is a genre of breakbeat dance music that originated in the central region of Florida, United States. Florida Breaks draws on hip-hop, Miami bass and electro.

Nu skool breaks or nu breaks is a subgenre of breakbeat originating during the period between 1998 and 2002. The style is usually characterized by more abstract, more technical sounds, sometimes incorporated from other genres of electronic dance music, including UK garage, electro, and drum and bass.

弛放音乐（Chill-out music）是流行音乐的流派之一，其特征是缓慢的节奏和放松情绪。近几十年，「弛放音乐」的定义在不断变化，一般现代定义的轻音乐（easy listening）都可以指弛放音乐。

缓拍音乐（又名缓拍、慢摇）（英语：Downtempo，直译：「慢节奏」或英语：Downbeat，直译：「慢拍」）是一种类似于氛围音乐的电子乐，但更加强调节奏，不像痴哈那样具有自然气息。风格范例包含“缓慢而沉寂的节拍，花哨的合成器效果，以及听起来像是透过84年道奇飞镖收音机里传出的旋律”。

迷幻出神（英语：Psychedelic trance，其英文简称为Psy trance或Psy），是出神音乐的一个子流派，其特点是节奏的编排并加以较快速度的即兴重复段，从而创作出层层叠加的旋律。该音乐流派在情绪、节奏和风格方面都呈现出多样性。

Psydub (not to be confused with dub) is a fusion genre of electronic music that has roots in psychedelic trance, ambient and dub music. Incorporated dub elements are melodic basslines, deep reggae roots and producing techniques like dynamically adding extensive echo, reverb, panoramic delay, and occasional dubbing of vocal or instrumental snippets from the original version or other works.

痴哈（英语：Trip hop；中文戏称“神游舞曲”、“吹泡音乐”）是一种缓拍电子音乐流派，起源于20世纪80年代末的英国布里斯托。Trip hop是trip（痴幻状态）和hip-hop（嘻哈）的词语结合，最先是被英国音乐媒体和记者用以形容一种更具实验性的、深受灵魂乐、放克和爵士影响的碎拍（breakbeat）音乐，被形容为“20世纪90年代后半期欧洲音乐的又一选择”、“融合了嘻哈音乐和电子音乐，而两者最终都消融其中”。

迪斯科（英语：Disco，香港译的士高，台湾译迪斯可），是20世纪60年代末从美国都市夜生活中兴起的一种舞曲类型和亚文化，尤其在非裔美国人、意大利裔美国人、同性恋社群和拉丁裔群体中流行起来，并在20世纪70年代风行世界，其中有衍生出欧洲舞曲的子流派欧陆舞曲。它的音乐特征是四板节拍、切分低音声部 / 贝斯线、弦乐部分、铜管乐器和号、电钢琴、合成器和电节奏吉他，同时也混合了放克、爵士乐、摇滚乐以及拉丁美洲音乐节奏特色。

In music, the terms Afro/cosmic disco, the cosmic sound, free-style sound, and combinations thereof (Afro, cosmic Afro, Afro-cosmic, Afro-freestyle, etc., as well as Afro-funky and later Afro house) are used somewhat interchangeably to describe various forms of synthesizer-heavy and/or African-influenced dance music and methods of DJing that were originally developed and promoted by a small number of DJs in certain discothèques of Northern Italy from the late 1970s through the mid-1980s. The terms slow-motion disco and Elettronica Meccanica are also associated with the genre.

Hi-NRG (pronounced "high energy") is a genre of uptempo disco or electronic dance music that originated during the late 1970s and early 1980s. As a music genre, typified by its fast tempo, staccato hi-hat rhythms (and the four-on-the-floor pattern), reverberated "intense" vocals and "pulsating" octave basslines, it was particularly influential on the disco scene.

欧陆节拍（英语：Eurobeat）是一种音乐类型，可以指两种起源于欧洲的舞曲音乐风格：一种是受意大利欧陆迪斯科影响的英国舞曲流行乐，另一种是以高能量音乐为主导的意大利迪斯科舞曲。这两种形式均在20世纪80年代开始发展。

欧陆舞曲（英语：Eurodance，有时简称为欧陆，Euro；有时也称为欧洲能量舞曲，英语：Euro-NRG、欧陆电子乐，英语：Euro-electronica）是在20世纪80年代后期到90年代中期流行于欧洲、大洋洲及南美洲的电子舞曲。虽然有许多欧陆舞曲在北美洲造成轰动，一般而言，欧陆舞曲在北美洲比较不流行。

Italo dance (also written Italodance) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the mid-1990s in Italy as a regional development of eurodance; its sound subsequently evolved into a distinct yet closely related form. The genre had its peak of popularity from the late 1990s to the mid-2000s, chiefly in Italy and San Marino, but it also enjoyed great success in the rest of Europe and in the Americas.

意大利迪斯科或伊泰洛迪斯科（英语：Italo disco，有时用连字符写成Italo-disco）是一种音乐类型，起源于20世纪70年代末的意大利，主要产生于20世纪80年代。意大利迪斯科是由当时流行的意大利国内外地下舞曲、流行音乐和电子音乐（高能量音乐、欧陆迪斯科）演变而来，发展成为一种多元化的流派。

欧陆迪斯科（英语：Eurodisco，有时也写为Euro disco或Euro-disco）是一种电子音乐流派，在20世纪70年代中期由迪斯科演变而来，将流行和摇滚乐元素融入类似迪斯科的连续舞蹈氛围中。该音乐流派也融入纯电子化、机械化和未来主义的元素。

新迪斯科（英语：Nu-disco）是一种21世纪舞曲音乐，它与对20世纪70年代晚期的迪斯科、重合成器的20世纪80年代欧洲舞曲样式和20世纪90年代早期的电子舞曲再次兴起的兴趣相关。这种类别的音乐在21世纪00年代早期盛行，并在21世纪10年代经历了一定程度的复兴。

后迪斯科（英语：Post-disco）是一个术语和流派，用来描述1979年至1986年左右流行音乐史上的一段余波，它始于美国对迪斯科音乐的强烈反对，导致1979年7月12日芝加哥发生民间骚乱和骚乱，即著名的“迪斯科毁灭之夜”，并于20世纪80年代后随着新浪潮音乐的主流化而结束。在其衰落阶段，迪斯科表现出越来越电子化的特征，很快成为新浪潮音乐、旧学派嘻哈、欧陆迪斯科的垫脚石，并被称为高能量地下具乐部音乐所取代，这是它的直接延续。

Boogie (sometimes called post-disco and electro-funk) is a rhythm and blues genre of electronic dance music with close ties to the post-disco style, that first emerged in the United States during the late 1970s to mid-1980s. The sound of boogie is defined by bridging acoustic and electronic musical instruments with emphasis on vocals and miscellaneous effects.

城市流行（英语：City pop；日语：シティーポップ，罗马化：shitīpoppu），是属于日本流行音乐（J-pop）的分支，起源于1970年代后期的日本。它是日本国内受西方文化影响衍伸出来的音乐风格，以贝斯、电吉他搭配鲜明的节奏、轻松愉悦的旋律为人所知。

Pop kreatif (English: creative pop) is an Indonesian offshoot and subgenre of Indo pop that emerged in the late 20th century as a fusion of Indonesian music and contemporary global influences such as funk, jazz, disco, new wave and soft rock. Rooted in urban culture, the genre is often characterized by its smooth melodies, upbeat rhythms, and nostalgic themes.

鼓打贝斯（英语：drum and bass，缩写 d&b、DnB、dnb、deenbee、drum n bass、drum & bass等），是一种电子舞曲风格，有时也被称为丛林舞曲。鼓打贝斯在1990年代早期出现，音乐风格以快速的节奏与碎拍的鼓点（一般而言介于每分钟160-180拍之间）、辅以厚重复杂的低音声线（bassline）著称。

Hardstep is a subgenre of drum and bass which emerged in the mid-1990s. It is characterized by a gritty production style that consists of an inner-city feel.

Liquid drum and bass, liquid DnB, melodic drum & bass, liquid funk, or sometimes just liquid is a subgenre of drum and bass. While it uses similar basslines and bar layouts to other styles, it contains fewer bar-oriented samples and more instrumental layers (both synthesized and natural), harmonies, melodies and ambiance, producing a sentimental atmosphere directed at home listeners as well as nightclub and rave audiences.

Neurofunk (also known informally as neuro) is a subgenre of drum and bass which emerged from England in the mid-to-late 1990s as a stylistic diversion from techstep.

Sambass, drum 'n' bossa or drum 'n' sambass (a portmanteau of "samba" and "bass") is a regional subgenre of drum and bass music mostly native to Brazil, which combines drum and bass rhythms with influences from Latin American music. Popular artists in the genre include DJ Marky, DJ Patife, XRS Land, Drumagick, Marcelinho da Lua, Kaleidoscopio and DJ Roots.

Techstep is a dark subgenre of drum and bass that was created in the mid-1990s.

Dub poetry is a form of performance poetry of Jamaican origin, which evolved out of dub music in Kingston, Jamaica, in the 1970s, as well as in London, England, and Toronto, Canada, cities which have large populations of Caribbean immigrants. The term "Dub Poetry" was coined by Dub artist Linton Kwesi Johnson in 1976, and further popularized by artist Oku Onoura, which consists of spoken word over reggae rhythms, originally found on the backing or "version" side of a twelve- or seven-inch vinyl record.

电子舞曲（英语：Electronic dance music，直译：「电子舞蹈音乐」，常简称为EDM），有时也称为舞曲或具乐部音乐（Club music），是一种广泛的打击乐电子音乐流派，最初为夜店、锐舞和音乐节制作。它通常由唱片骑师（DJ）制作并连续播放，他们通过从一个录音过渡到另一个录音，创建无缝的曲目选择，称为混音。

Christian electronic dance music, also known as CEDM, Christian EDM, Christian dance music, CDM, or Christian electronic music, is a genre of electronic dance music and Christian music. Its musical styles closely mirror non-Christian EDM; however, the CEDM culture's lack of drug use and emphasis on positive lyrics (often focused on Christianity-based principles) distinguish it from non-religious counterparts.

Electronic rock (also known as synth rock and electro rock) is a music genre that involves a combination of rock music and electronic music, featuring instruments typically found within both genres. It originates from the late 1960s when rock bands began incorporating electronic instrumentation into their music.

Dance-rock is a dance-infused genre of rock music. It is a post-disco genre connected with pop rock and new wave with fewer rhythm and blues influences.

另类舞曲（英语：Alternative dance）或独立舞曲（Indie dance），在美国也被称为地下舞曲（Underground dance），是一种将各种摇滚风格与电子舞曲相混合的音乐风格。曾经主要流行于英国，但通过20世纪80年代的新秩序乐队（New Order）和20世纪90年代的超凡乐团乐队的音乐创作，另类舞曲已被美国乃至全世界所接受。

Baggy is a British alternative dance genre popular in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and generally associated with the Northern UK's Madchester scene. The style saw alternative rock bands draw influence from psychedelia as well as dance music.

New rave (also known as nü rave, nu rave or neu rave) is a microgenre of indie rock and alternative dance coined by Klaxons founder Jamie Reynolds to describe a British alternative music scene that emerged between 2005 and late 2008. Characterized by fast-paced electronica-influenced indie music that drew influences from 1980s Madchester and rave scenes.

Dance-punk is a subgenre of post-punk that emerged in the late 1970s, and is closely associated with the disco, post-disco and new wave movements. The genre, which began originally as disco-punk or punk funk, is characterized by the incorporation of the angularity and syncopation of funk and the upbeat, danceable rhythms of disco into post-punk, art punk and more general punk rock.

电子流行乐（英语：Electropop）是一种融合了电子和流行风格元素的流行音乐类型。它被描述为合成器流行乐的一种变体，侧重于硬电子声音。

流行舞曲（英语：Dance-pop，直译：「舞蹈流行」）是一种流行音乐流派，起源于20世纪70年代末至20世纪80年代初。它通常是针对夜店准备的快节奏音乐，目的是便于跳舞，但也适用于当代流行电台。

Freestyle music (also known as freestyle, Latin freestyle or Latin hip-hop, and sometimes Latin rap) is a form of electronic dance music that emerged in New York City, primarily among Puerto Rican Americans and Italian Americans. An important precursor to freestyle is 1982's "Planet Rock" by Afrika Bambaataa & Soul Sonic Force.

Disco polo is a genre of popular dance music, created in Poland in the 1980s. It was initially known as sidewalk music (Polish: muzyka chodnikowa) or backyard music (Polish: muzyka podwórkowa).

Hyperpop is an electronic music movement and loosely defined subgenre that originated in the early 2010s in the United Kingdom. It is characterised by an exaggerated or maximalist take on 21st century popular music tropes and typically integrates pop and avant-garde sensibilities while drawing on elements commonly found in electronic, rock, hip-hop, and dance music.

Sophisti-pop is a pop music subgenre that developed during the mid-1980s out of the British new wave era. It originated with acts who blended elements of jazz, soul, and pop with lavish production.

合成器流行音乐（英语：Synth-pop，全名为Synthesizer pop），也称为科技流行（Techno-pop），是电子音乐与流行乐结合的音乐类型，在20世纪70年代末开始流行的音乐流派，以电子合成器为主导乐器。20世纪60年代和70年代初，合成器开始运用在前卫摇滚、电子音乐、艺术摇滚、迪斯科音乐类型中，尤其是众多德国酸菜摇滚乐队中的发电站乐队，这也预示着它的出现。

Electroclash (also known as synthcore, retro-electro, tech-pop, nouveau disco) is a genre of popular music that fuses 1980s electro, new wave and synth-pop with 1990s techno, retro-style electropop and electronic dance music. It emerged in the late 1990s and was pioneered by and associated with acts such as I-F, DJ Hell, Miss Kittin and The Hacker, and Fischerspooner.

Wonky pop was a loose grouping of musical acts that played what the BBC called "quirky, catchy and credible pop", rooted in the eccentric side of 1980s pop music, which was briefly popular in the late 2000s. Artists associated with the genre include Mika, Alphabeat and Frankmusik.

德国酸菜摇滚（英语：Krautrock，德语：'Kosmische Musik，也叫Cosmic music，直译：宇宙音乐）是一种泛指的实验摇滚音乐类型，在20世纪60年代末期的德国发展开来。“酸菜摇滚”这种称呼一开始是一些英文音乐记者给一些德国乐队起的打趣的名字，这些乐队的曲风混杂了迷幻摇滚、前卫、电子音乐、放克、简约音乐、爵士乐即兴创作和世界音乐的曲风，和英美两国摇滚乐传统的蓝调、摇滚风极为不同，并强化了电子音乐、氛围音乐的流行、派生出了后庞克、另类摇滚和新世纪音乐这三种类型。

新浪潮（英语：New Wave）是摇滚乐的一种音乐分支风格，与朋克摇滚一同在1970年代中晚期出现。起初，新浪潮被认为是朋克摇滚的同义词。

冷浪潮（英语：Cold wave music）是一种定义宽泛的音乐流派，出现20世纪70年代末的欧洲，其特点是超然的抒情音调、使用早期电子音乐乐器以及极简主义的方法和风格。它起源于受德国电子乐队发电站影响的后朋克乐队，他们使用价格实惠的便携式合成器，例如科音MS-20。

黑暗浪潮（Dark wave或darkwave，或称为暗浪潮）是一种音乐类型，起源于 1970 年代晚期的新浪潮和后朋克运动。暗浪潮作品主要运用小调音调，内省的歌词，一般关于自己的感知、内心感受及想法，被认为带黑暗、浪漫和凄凉的感觉，同时带点悲伤的底色。

新德意志死亡艺术（德语：Neue Deutsche Todeskunst，英语：New German Death Art）是20世纪90年代早期发源于德国的一种音乐风格。它被认为是暗潮音乐运动在德语摇滚中的具体表现，尽管在此运动之前，已经出现了若干类似风格的德国乐队，诸如 Xmal Deutschland、Geisterfahrer 和 Malaria!。

Ethereal wave, also called ethereal darkwave, ethereal goth or simply ethereal, is a subgenre of dark wave music that is variously described as "gothic", "romantic", and "otherworldly". It developed in the early 1980s in the United Kingdom as an outgrowth of gothic rock, and was mainly represented by 4AD bands such as Cocteau Twins, This Mortal Coil, and early guitar-driven Dead Can Dance.

Nu gaze (also typeset as nu-gaze and sometimes known as second-wave shoegaze) was an international shoegaze revival movement that took place during the 2000s. The movement was influenced by the original shoegaze movement but embraced a more diverse array of influences, particularly from electronic music.

Minimal wave is a broad classification of music that comprises obscure, atypical examples of genres such as new wave, stripped-down electronic or synthesizer music, synth-pop, post-punk, and coldwave. Most of the music tends to focus on electronic, pre-MIDI instrumentation and themes of sincere, rather than ironic, detachment.

Neue Deutsche Welle (NDW, pronounced [ˈnɔʏə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈvɛlə], "new German wave") is a genre of West German rock music originally derived from post-punk and new wave with electronic influences. The term was coined by Dutch radio DJ Frits Ritmeester (Frits Spits) on the nationwide radio station Hilversum 3, which was very popular among German listeners.

New Romantic was an underground subculture movement that originated in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s. The movement emerged from the nightclub scene in London and Birmingham at venues such as Billy's and The Blitz.

后摇滚（英语：Post-rock）在分类上尚有争议，有些人将其看作摇滚乐的一种。后摇的一个特点是，所用乐器一般与摇滚乐相同，但节奏、和声、旋律、音色及和弦进行都有别于传统摇滚。

太空摇滚（Space rock）是一种音乐风格，特点是松散且冗长的歌曲结构，通常以器乐织体为主，创造出催眠般的、梦幻的声音。太空摇滚可能会包含有扭曲且回响感十足的吉他、简单的鼓点、悠闲的歌声、合成器，以及以外太空和科幻为主题的歌词。

辗核（Grindcore）是一种极端类型的音乐，从1980年代初至中期开始出现。他从一些激进的音乐类型得到启发，如极端金属、工业音乐、噪音和较为偏激的硬蕊庞克。

电子蕊（英语：Electronicore）是一个混合后硬核和/或金属核与电子音乐的音乐类型。

电子乐（英语：Electronica），是指一大类以电子音乐为基础的音乐风格，旨在供人聆听而非严格用于跳舞，如科技舞曲、浩室、氛围音乐、丛林音乐等，也是20世纪90年代初在英国兴起的一种音乐场景。在美国，该术语主要用于泛指电子音乐。

Folktronica is a genre of indie electronic music incorporating elements of folk music and electronica, often featuring uses of acoustic instruments and incorporating delicate, textural sound design. The Ashgate Research Companion to Popular Musicology describes folktronica as "a catch-all [term] for all manner of artists who have combined mechanical dance beats with elements of acoustic rock or folk".

Live electronic music (also known as live electronics) is a form of music that can include traditional electronic sound-generating devices, modified electric musical instruments, hacked sound generating technologies, and computers. Initially the practice developed in reaction to sound-based composition for fixed media such as musique concrète, electronic music and early computer music.

新爵士（英语：Nu Jazz，也拼作Nü jazz；另称为Jazztronica，直译：爵士电子乐或Future jazz，直译：未来爵士乐）是属于爵士音乐和电子音乐旁支的音乐流派，它在原有的基础上加上放克、灵魂乐、电子舞曲和自由即兴演奏等元素。 新爵士通常比它的近亲酸爵士更进一步地踏入电子音乐领域。

Kosmische Musik ("cosmic music") is a music genre of 1970s German electronic music which makes extensive use of synthesizers and incorporates themes related to space or otherworldliness; it is also used as a German analogue to the English term "space rock". The term was coined in 1971 by Edgar Froese and later used by record producer Rolf-Ulrich Kaiser as a marketing term for bands such as Ash Ra Tempel, Tangerine Dream, and Klaus Schulze.

Ethnic electronica (also known as ethnotronica, ethno electronica or ethno techno) is a broad category of electronic music, where artists combine elements of various styles of electronic music, world music and new age music. The music is primarily rooted in local music traditions and regional cultures, and can often engage in elements of popular music.

Asian underground is a term associated with various British Asian, South Asian Canadian, South Asian American and Dutch South Asian musicians (mostly Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan) who blend elements of Western underground dance music and the traditional Asian music of their home countries in South Asia. The sound has roots in the South Asian Diaspora, and many notable musicians within the genre are immigrants or children of immigrants.

Afrobeats, not to be confused with Afrobeat or Afroswing, is an umbrella term to describe popular music from West Africa and the diaspora that initially developed in Nigeria, Ghana, and the UK in the 2000s and 2010s. Afrobeats is less of a style per se, and more of a descriptor for the fusion of sounds flowing out of Nigeria and Ghana.

Azonto is a dance and music genre from Ghana. It is connected to the traditional Ga dance Kpanlogo, associated with the coastal towns in the country such as Chorkor, James Town, Teshie, Nungua and Tema, in the Greater Accra Region.

Coupé-décalé (French pronunciation: [kupe dekale]) is a type of popular dance music originating in Côte d'Ivoire. Drawing heavily from zouglou and ndombolo with other African influences, coupé-décalé is a very percussive style, featuring African samples, deep bass, and repetitive minimalist arrangements.

Kuduro (or kuduru) is a type of music and dance born in Angola. It is characterized as uptempo, energetic, and danceable.

Mahragan or Mahraganat (Arabic: مهرجانات, pronounced [mɑhɾɑɡɑˈnɑːt]; transl. "festivals, carnivals"), also Egyptian electro, Egyptian street music or shaabi-electro, is a popular genre of Egyptian folk music. Mahraganat is a combination of working class popular Egyptian music (shaabi) played at weddings, EDM and hip-hop, with heavy autotune use.

Tsonga electro is a dance movement and musical style born from a 21st-century reboot of local folk traditions in South African townships, Tsonga Disco and Kwaito House. The movement has been spearheaded by DJ Khwaya and the producer Nozinja in recent years, who has turned it into an iconic Afro-futurist strain of electronic dance music.

Budots (; boo-DOTS) is an electronic dance music (EDM) genre that originated in Davao City, Philippines, and is considered as street style techno. It eventually spread in Bisaya-speaking regions.

Raptor house (also known as Changa tuki) is a lifestyle, dance and music genre derived from electronic music that originated in Caracas, Venezuela in early-1990s. It was a strong trend and present in parties until the late-2000s.

Dancehall pop is a sub-genre of the Jamaican genre dancehall that originated in the early 2000s. Developing from the sounds of reggae, dancehall pop is characteristically different in its fusion with western pop music and digital music production.

萌系歌曲 (英语：Denpa song)(日语：萌えソング)是一类表现“萌”要素的歌曲，常常与电波歌曲(日语：电波ソング)混用。此类歌曲的要素包括了意义不明的歌词、故意的走调，以及高于正常音区的旋律。

Guaracha, also known as zapateo or aleteo, is an electronic music genre from Medellín, Colombia. The genre has no connection to the traditional guaracha of Cuba.

Funk carioca (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfɐ̃k(i) kɐɾiˈɔkɐ, - kaɾ-]), also known as baile funk, Brazilian funk, or simply funk, is a Brazilian hip hop-influenced music genre from Rio de Janeiro, taking influences from musical styles such as Miami bass and freestyle. In Brazil, "baile funk" refers not to the music, but to the actual parties or discotheques in which the music is played (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbajʎi], from baile, meaning "ball").

Funk melody (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈfɐ̃k(i) ˈmɛlodʒi]) is a fusion genre of funk carioca and Latin freestyle.

Funk ostentação (pronounced [ˈfɐ̃k(i) ostẽtaˈsɐ̃w]; Portuguese for 'ostentation funk') is a Brazilian music style created in São Paulo in 2008. Strongly influenced by American hip-hop, the central theme addressed in the songs is conspicuous consumption, and many funk ostentação artists sing about cars, motorcycles, drink, women, and ambitions to leave the favela and achieve life goals.

Funk proibidão (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈfɐ̃k(i) pɾo.ibiˈdɐ̃w]), or simply Proibidão, which literally translates to "strongly prohibited" or "highly forbidden", is a subgenre of funk carioca music originating from the favelas of Rio de Janeiro where it began in the early 1990s as a parallel phenomenon to the growth of drug gangs in the many slums of the city. The drug gangs sponsored DJs and baile funks in the favelas they controlled to spread respect and love for their gang as well as hate to the other gangs.

Rasteirinha (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁasteˈɾĩɲɐ]) or Ragga funk is a subgenre of funk carioca that takes large influence from samba and axé, and adopts Caribbean grooves derived from reggaeton and dancehall. Rasteirinha was born in the early 2010s in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro and quickly popularized by some of its early hits, like MC Delano's "Na Ponta Ela Fica" and MC Romântico's "As Novinha Tão Sensacional".

Merenhouse, Merenrap or Electronic merengue, Mambo/Mambo de Calle is a style of Dominican Merengue music derived by blending it with dancehall, hip hop and house, particularly latin house. The mix of Latin, house and dancehall music started in New York City in the late 1980s.

Nortec or nor-tec (from the combination of "norteño" and "techno") is a genre of electronic dance music developed in Tijuana (a border city in Baja California, Mexico) that first gained popularity in 2001. Nortec music is characterized by hard dance beats and samples from traditional forms of Mexican music such as Banda sinaloense and Norteño - unmistakably Mexican horns are often used.

Rabòday (pronounced [ɣabɔdaj]) is a rhythm of traditional dance music played to the drum and is arranged to electronic music.

Rara tech is an electronic music subgenre that fuses the Afro-Haitian genre rara with house music. Haitian-style electronic dance music (EDM) in Haiti is often referred to as "HEDM" (Haitian electronic dance music).

Russ music (Norwegian: russemusikk) is a subgenre of electronic dance music and a music scene which originated from Norway during the mid-2000s. Drawing inspiration from EDM, hip hop and techno.

Shamstep is a Levantine genre of electronic dance music that combines the traditional forms of Dabke music with electronic instruments. 'Sham' is the Arabic name for the region of Greater Syria, Syria-Palestine or the Levant.

Tecnocumbia is a style of Cumbia where there is a fusion between electronic sounds generated by electronic musical instruments through electronic drums, the electric guitar, synthesisers, and samplers. "Tecnocumbia" was a word developed in Mexico to describe this type of music.

Tribal guarachero, also known as tribal, is a music genre that fuses electronic dance music with cumbia or certain rhythms from regional Mexican music genres. Tribal guarachero is sometimes referred to as "3ball".

Worldbeat is a music genre that blends pop music or rock music with world music or traditional music. Worldbeat is similar to other cross-pollination labels of contemporary and roots genres, and which suggest a rhythmic, harmonic or textural contrast and synthesis between its modern and ethnic elements.

Manila sound (Filipino: Tunog ng Maynila) is a music genre in the Philippines that began in the mid-1970s in Metro Manila.

黑乐谱是一种音乐流派，由使用MIDI文件创建包含大量音符（通常成千上万，数百万，数十亿甚至数万亿）的歌曲或混音的乐曲组成。制作黑乐谱的人们被称为“blackers”。

Deconstructed club, also known as post-club or deconstructed music, is an experimental style of electronic dance music characterized by a post-modernist approach and an abrasive or dystopian tone. It stands opposed to the tropes of mainstream club styles, often dispensing with four-on-the-floor beats and stable rhythm while mixing eclectic or abrasive sources.

Acousmatic music (from Greek ἄκουσμα akousma, "a thing heard") is a form of electroacoustic music that is specifically composed for presentation using speakers, as opposed to a live performance. It stems from a compositional tradition that dates back to the origins of musique concrète in the late 1940s.

声景是指人类感知的声音环境。该术语最初由加拿大作曲家默里·谢弗在1960年代末提出，并被迈克尔·索斯沃斯（Michael Southworth）大力推广, 主要应用于城市规划、建筑设计、音乐作曲等领域。

故障音乐（英语：Glitch）是一种在1990年代成型的电子音乐风格。 它随 “错误美学”而诞生，以蓄意使用故障的音频媒介或其他声音加工物为主要的创作手法。

Granular synthesis is a sound synthesis method that operates on the microsound time scale. It is based on the same principle as sampling.

Japanoise (ジャパノイズ, Japanoizu), a portmanteau of "Japanese" and "noise", is the distinctively intense and experimental style of noise music that emerged in Japan from the late 1970s onward. Nick Cain of The Wire identifies the "primacy of Japanese Noise artists like Merzbow, Hijokaidan and Incapacitants" as one of the major developments in noise music since 1990.

Harsh noise is a subgenre of noise music that emerged in the early 1980s, originating from the Kansai no wave movement and later Japanoise, primarily through acts such as Merzbow, Hijokaidan, Hanatarash, C.C.C.C. and Incapacitants, and was further developed by the European power electronics scene and American noise musicians such as the Haters, Daniel Menche, and Richard Ramirez.

Power electronics (also known as heavy electronics) is a subgenre of noise and industrial music, characterized by static, screeching waves of feedback, analogue synthesizers, sub-bass pulses and high frequency squealing sounds.

Power noise (also known as rhythmic noise, rhythm 'n' noise and distorted beat music) is a subgenre of noise and post-industrial music, that originated predominantly in Europe during the 1990s. It draws primary influence from various styles of electronic dance music.

Plunderphonics is a music genre in which tracks are constructed by sampling recognizable musical works. The term was coined by composer John Oswald in 1985 in his essay "Plunderphonics, or Audio Piracy as a Compositional Prerogative", and eventually explicitly defined in the liner notes of his Grayfolded album.

Sampledelia (also called sampledelica) is sample-based music that uses samplers or similar technology to expand upon the recording methods of 1960s psychedelia. Sampledelia features "disorienting, perception-warping" manipulations of audio samples or found sounds via techniques such as chopping, looping or stretching.

Reductionism is a form of improvised music that developed towards the end of the 20th century, centered in Berlin, London, Tokyo, and Vienna. The key characteristics of the music include microtonality, extended techniques, very soft and quiet dynamics, silence, and unconventional sounds and timbres.

Lowercase is an extreme form of ambient minimalism in which very quiet sounds are amplified to extreme levels. Minimal artist Steve Roden popularized the movement with an album entitled Forms of Paper, in which he made recordings of himself handling paper in various ways.

The Onkyo music movement or Onkyokei (音响系, Onkyōkei) (translation: "reverberation of sound") is a form of free improvisation, emerging from Japan in the late 1990s. Onkyō can be translated as "sound, noise, echo".

放克（英语：Funk），也译作魂克或疯克，是一种美国的音乐类型，起源于1960年代中期至晚期，非洲裔美国人音乐家将灵魂乐、灵魂爵士乐和节奏蓝调融合成一种有节奏的、适合跳舞的音乐新形式。放克「不再强调旋律与和声，而强调电贝斯与鼓的强烈节奏律动」。

硬核（英语：Hardcore），又称硬核铁克诺/泰克诺或硬核科技舞曲（英语：Hardcore techno），简称硬核， 是一种电子舞曲。硬核最初起源于20世纪90年代的布鲁塞尔、荷兰和德国。

Hard NRG, nu-NRG, filthy hard house, or more recently just filth, is an electronic dance music genre similar in structure (with regard to sequencing and programming) to UK hard house form, taking influences from German hard trance. The main difference is in the musical/thematic content of each style.

硬派音乐（英语：Hardstyle，简称硬派）是电子舞曲的一种风格，由硬出神、硬核科技舞曲和加伯音乐演变而来。典型的Hardstyle歌曲具有又深沉又重的鼓声、强烈的淡出或重低音回响，配上合成的旋律。

Jumpstyle is a subgenre of electronic dance music that emerged in Western Europe in the late 1990s, particularly in Belgium and the Netherlands. It is associated with a distinctive dance style commonly referred to as jumpen.

Lento violento, sometimes shortened to simply lento, is a style of electronic dance music that developed in Italy. Its name means slow (and) violent.

Mákina is a subgenre of hardcore techno, originating in Spain.

Bouncy techno is a hardcore dance music rave style that developed in the early 1990s from Scotland and Northern England. Described as an accessible gabber-like form, it was popularised by Scottish DJ and music producer Scott Brown under numerous aliases and Ultra-Sonic who were formed in Ayrshire.

Breakcore is a style of electronic dance music that emerged from jungle, hardcore, and drum & bass in the mid-to-late 1990s. It is characterized by very complex and intricate breakbeats and a wide palette of sampling sources played at high tempos, though there is much debate in the breakcore subculture as to what breakcore itself is.

Digital hardcore is a fusion genre that combines hardcore punk with electronic dance music genres such as breakbeat, techno, and drum and bass while also drawing on heavy metal, industrial and noise music. It typically features fast tempos and aggressive sound samples.

法核（英语：Frenchcore）是硬核铁克诺的一个分支。这种风格与硬核的其他形式不同，节奏较快，速度通常是190-250 BPM，并具有响亮而失真的低音声部。

Gabber ( GAB-ər; Dutch: [ˈɣɑbər] ) is a style of electronic dance music and a subgenre of hardcore, as well as the surrounding subculture. The music is characterised by fast beats, distorted and heavy kickdrums, with dark themes and samples.

Mainstream hardcore, mainstyle or nu style gabber is a subgenre of hardcore techno. The essence of mainstream hardcore sound is a distorted bass drum sound, overdriven to the point where it becomes clipped into a distorted square wave and makes a recognizably melodic tone.

快乐硬核（英语：Happy hardcore），又称四节拍（4-beat）或快乐核（happycore），是硬核舞曲或“硬舞”（hard dance）的一个分支流派。它起源于英国的碎拍硬核锐舞场景，以及20世纪90年代初比利时、德国和荷兰的硬核科技舞曲场景。

J核（英语：J-core），又称日本硬核，是硬核舞曲的一种形式，起源于1990年代末的日本团体与DJ。J核使用了来自电子游戏和动画的声音取样、多彩的可爱图像和专辑封面，并借用了电波系与御宅族文化的元素。

速核 （英语：Speedcore），又称速度硬核，是硬核舞曲的一种形式，具有极高的速度，曲调通常较愤怒。速核诞生于1990年代前期，名称来源于“快速的硬核（Hardcore）”。

Hauntology is a music genre, movement or a loosely defined stylistic feature that evokes cultural memory and aesthetics of the past. It developed in the 2000s primarily among British electronic musicians, and typically draws on British cultural sources from the 1930s to the 1960s, including library music, film and TV soundtracks, psychedelia, and public information films; often through the use of sampling.

Chillwave（英语：Chillwave，直译：「寒波、寒潮、冷波、放松波」，“Chill”是一个英语俚语，意思是平静下来或放松），是2000年代末美国出现的一种电子音乐微流派，最初被认为是glo-fi和催眠流行乐的同义词。节奏一般慢到中等，音效柔和且带低传真效果。

Hypnagogic pop (or simply h-pop) is a loosely defined style of pop and psychedelic music that evokes cultural memory and nostalgia for the popular entertainment of the past (principally the 1980s and early 1990s). It emerged in the 2000s through a wave of American Millennial home recording artists in the lo-fi and post-noise scene, who adopted retro aesthetics from their childhood, such as radio and soft rock, new wave, video game music, synth-pop, R&B, film soundtracks, new-age and early Internet aesthetics.

合成器浪潮（英语：Synthwave），又称复古浪潮（Retrowave）或未来合成器浪潮（Futuresynth），是一种电子音乐的分支，其音乐主要基于1980年代动作片、科幻片和恐怖片的电影配乐。其他影响源于该时代的艺术和电子游戏。

Sovietwave (also styled Soviet wave or Soviet-wave) is a subgenre of synthwave music and accompanying Internet aesthetic which originates from the former Soviet Union, primarily Russia. It is characterized by an emphasis on the technology and culture of the Soviet Union, such as the Soviet space program and retrofuturistic Soviet era architecture and art, and is an expression of nostalgia for the Soviet Union.

蒸气波（英语：Vaporwave）是一种电子音乐和视觉艺术类型，出现于2010年初的互联网社区，随后逐渐从网络模因发展成为了艺术运动。这类作品侧重于20世纪80年代、90年代的美国、日本流行文化元素，包括城市生活、购物中心、商业广告、电子游戏、科技和早期互联网等，也受到赛博朋克科幻的影响。

Hardvapour is an Internet-based microgenre of music that emerged in late 2015 as a tongue-in-cheek response to vaporwave, departing from the calm, muzak-sampling capitalist utopia concept of the latter in favor of a gabber- and punk-influenced sound. Canadian music producer Wolfenstein OS X album End of World Rave (2015) and the Antifur record label are credited with having first defined the hardvapour sound.

Mallsoft （也称为 mallwave ）是一种以复古商业中心为主题的蒸汽波子流派。

Afroswing, also known as Afrobashment, or less commonly Afrobbean or Afro-trap (not to be confused with the French genre), is a genre of music that developed in the UK during the mid-2010s, derivative of dancehall and Afrobeats, with influences from trap, British hip-hop, R&B, and grime. Commercially, the genre has been very successful, with many Afroswing artists making it into the British charts.

另类嘻哈 (又被称作另类说唱) 是一种嘻哈音乐形式，对其定义众说纷纭。 Allmusic给出的定义如下: 说唱音乐有其固有形式，例如匪帮说唱、迈阿密贝斯、硬核说唱以及聚会说唱，而另类嘻哈则不遵从这些传统形式。

Hipster hop (also known as hipster rap) is hip hop music perceived to be influenced by the hipster subculture in the early to mid-2000s. Artists such as The Cool Kids and Kid Cudi were hipster hop, though they did not embrace this label.

云雾说唱（英语：Cloud rap，又称trillwave或based music）是嘻哈音乐的一个流派。其通常以“模糊”、低保真为特征。

狂克（英文：Crunk，也有译作旷课、旷克）是一种嘻哈乐的支风格，起源于1990年代初期并流行于2000年代中期。狂克通常用快板，是南部嘻哈中较为适合舞厅的风格。

Crunkcore (also known as crunk punk, screamo crunk, and scrunk) is a musical fusion microgenre characterized by the combination of musical elements from crunk, post-hardcore (particularly pop screamo), heavy metal, pop, electronic and dance music. The genre often features screamed vocals, hip hop beats, and sexually provocative lyrics.

Snap music (also known as snap, ringtone rap or snap rap) is a subgenre of hip hop music derived from crunk that originated in southern United States in the 2000s, in Bankhead, West Atlanta, United States. It achieved mainstream popularity throughout the mid-late 2000s, but declined shortly thereafter.

电声音乐（英语：Electro）或电子放克（英语：Electro-funk）是一种电子舞曲类型，兴起于1980年代初期。它的标志性特征是对罗兰TR-808鼓机的高度使用，并直接汲取了早期嘻哈和放克音乐的影响。

情绪说唱（英语：Emo rap）是嘻哈和情感硬核融合的音乐形式，起源于2010年代中期的SoundCloud rap场景。该流派将嘻哈音乐的特性（例如节拍和说唱）与情感硬核中常见的抒情主题和人声融合在一起，还受到比如独立摇滚，流行朋克和新金属等摇滚类型，以及陷阱音乐，云雾饶舌和另类嘻哈音乐中的嘻哈元素的影响。

Hip-hop production is the creation of hip-hop in a recording studio. While the term encompasses all aspects of hip-hop music creation, including recording the rapping of an MC, a turntablist or DJ providing a beat, using samples and "scratching" using record players and the creation of a rhythmic backing track, and using a drum machine or sequencer, it is most commonly used to refer to recording the instrumental, non-lyrical and non-vocal aspects of hip-hop.

Jerk is a music subgenre blending hip-hop and internet rap that emerged in New York City during the early 2020s. It draws inspiration from the original 2000s wave of jerk rap and street dance culture.

低保真嘻哈（也称为Lofi hip hop、chillhop、清哈、低保真学习音乐 ）是一种结合了嘻哈音乐和Chill-out音乐元素的慢节奏音乐 。 它于2010年代在YouTube上流行起来。

Miami bass (also known as booty music or booty bass) is a subgenre of hip hop music that became popular in the 1980s and 1990s. The use of drums from the Roland TR-808, sustained kick drum, heavy bass, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit lyrical content differentiate it from other hip hop subgenres.

Mumble rap，又称SoundCloud rap，是一种定义松散的嘻哈形式，中文的通俗念法为嘟哝饶舌，模糊说唱。在2010年被广泛上传到了影音串流平台SoundCloud上。

陷阱音乐（又名渣铺，英语：Trap music）是一种初形成于1990年代的音乐类型，该类型起源于美国南部的南部嘻哈音乐。该音乐类型以具有侵略性的歌词和声音著称，并大量包含808踢鼓、脚踏钹、低音调的唱腔、有层次的合成器、和「电音式」的弦乐器。

2010年代初在芝加哥兴起，制作受到Trap影响，歌词承接帮派说唱传统。

Brooklyn drill is a regional subgenre of drill music, which is a subgenre of hip-hop music. It centered in Brooklyn, that began as derivative of the drill music scene in Chicago and later became derivative of UK drill with its 808 percussion and sliding notes by producers from the UK drill scene.

Drill在英国发展的地域分支，也是这一风格向全球传播的一部分。

Latin trap is a subgenre of Latin hip hop music that originated in Puerto Rico. A direct descendant of southern hip hop and trap, and influenced by reggaeton, R&B and urbano music.

Phonk（/fɒŋk/），又音译作「冯克」，一受1990年代孟菲斯说唱直接影响的陷阱嘻哈子流派，其风格特点结合了旧曼菲斯说唱磁带，以及1990年代的取样嘻哈人声等元素，其中乐兰TR-808鼓机的牛铃取样声犹为突出，同时也应用了忧郁、失真的切碎并拧紧技术。 该流派起源自1990年代的休士顿与曼菲斯等美国南部地区，其早期先驱有DJ Screw、X-Raided、DJ Spanish Fly和邪恶黑帮乐团等，而「Phonk」一词则于2010年代初由饶舌歌手太空幽灵普特所创并普及。

Plugg is a subgenre of trap music that emerged in the mid-2010s via online distribution on the SoundCloud platform. It was popularized by melodic Southern hip hop artists, and is characterized by deep 808 basslines, sparkly melodies, and melodic vocals.

UK rap, also known as British hip-hop or UK hip-hop or British rap, is a music genre and culture that covers a variety of styles of hip-hop made in the United Kingdom. The development of UK rap was shaped by a distinct set of regional influences, slang, and grassroots movements that differentiated it from American hip-hop.

浩室音乐（英语：House music，直译：「房子音乐」）是一种电子音乐风格。最早的浩室音乐源自于美国20世纪80年代初期到中期。

酸浩室（英语：Acid house，简称呼酸；有时也称为迷幻浩室，英语：Psychedelic house），是浩室音乐的子类别，是由美国芝加哥的唱片骑师（DJ）在20世纪80年代所发展出来的。其风格主要是有低音声部以及由罗兰TB-303合成器产生的压制声。

Afro house (also known as Afro-house or Afrohouse) is a sub-genre of house music mainly developed in South Africa. The genre emerged in the 1990s.

Afro tech (also Afro-tech or AfroTech) is a sub-genre of afro house which originates and is predominantly made in South Africa. It emerged in the 2010s.

Amapiano is a genre of music from South Africa that became popular in the early 2020s. It is a hybrid of kwaito, deep house, gqom, jazz, soul, and lounge music characterised by synths and wide, percussive basslines.

Kidandali is a stylistic music genre featuring the use of native sounds and samples from Uganda. Kidandali is a word from the Ganda language which in translation can mean "local party" or "celebration".

Ambient house is a downtempo subgenre of house music that first emerged in the late 1980s, combining elements of acid house and ambient music. The genre developed in chill-out rooms and specialist clubs as part of the UK's dance music scene.

Balearic beat, also known as Balearic house, Balearic, Ibiza house or Ibizan chillout, is an eclectic blend of DJ-led dance music that emerged in the mid-1980s. It later became the name of a more specific style of electronic dance/house music that was popular into the mid-1990s.

舞室场景（ballroom scene），也称为舞室社区（ballroom community）、舞室文化（ballroom culture）或简称舞室（ballroom），是一种起源于纽约市的非裔美国人和拉丁裔的地下LGBTQ+亚文化。从 20 世纪末开始，黑人和拉丁裔变装皇后组织了自己的选美比赛，反对现有变装皇后选美巡回赛中所面对的种族主义：虽然有各个种族的参赛者，但这些巡回赛的评委却大多是白人。

The music of Brazil encompasses various regional musical styles influenced by European, American, African and Amerindian forms. Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as forró, repente, coco de roda, axé, sertanejo, samba, bossa nova, MPB, gaucho music, pagode, tropicália, choro, maracatu, embolada (coco de repente), frevo, brega, modinha and Brazilian versions of foreign musical styles, such as rock, pop music, soul, hip-hop, disco music, country music, ambient, industrial and psychedelic music, rap, classical music, fado, and gospel.

Bloghouse (also known as bloghaus) is a loosely defined scene and microgenre of house and electronic dance music that rose to prominence during the early 2000s. Initially emerging on the Internet, similarly to other early blog-related music scenes such as blog rock and blog rap.

芝加哥浩室（英语：Chicago house）指的是20世纪80年代中后期在芝加哥产生的浩室音乐。该术语通常用于指代来自该地区的原创浩室音乐唱片骑师（DJ）和音乐制作人，例如罗恩·哈迪和乐队组合Phuture。

深度浩室（英语：Deep house）是浩室音乐的子流派，起源于20世纪80年代，起初融合了芝加哥浩室和80年代放克爵士的元素，也触及到了灵魂音乐。拉里·赫德在1984年发布的曲目《Mystery of Love》被认为是这一曲风的起源。

法国浩室 （英语：French house；也称为French touch，直译：法国触碰、Filter house，直译：滤波器浩室，和Tekfunk，直译：科技放克），是浩室音乐的一种风格，该音乐风格由法国音乐家在20世纪90年代创作发展而来。法国浩室为欧陆迪斯科的一种衍生形式，也是20世纪90年代末至21世纪00年代欧洲电子舞曲流行的音乐载体。

Diva house, also known as handbag house, is a subgenre of house music that emerged in the early 1990s and became popular in gay clubs during the second half of that decade. The Encyclopedia of Contemporary British Culture defines handbag house as featuring "prominent female vocals, breakdowns, and a proliferation of piano 'stabs'." Contemporary examples typically employ four on the floor rhythms and synthesized instrumental accents.

Hardbag is a genre of electronic dance music popular in the mid-1990s. Having evolved out of the handbag house scene in 1993–1994, the genre enjoyed massive, albeit brief, popularity, with several hardbag releases achieving positions in the upper echelons of the UK chart.

Big room house or simply big room is a fusion subgenre of house music (notably progressive house and electro house) that gained popularity in the early 2010s. Although the term "big room" started appearing in news articles circa 2007, the current state of this subgenre emerged around 2010—12 and was popularized by songs such as "Epic" and "Cannonball".

Future rave is a genre of EDM coined by disk jockey/producers David Guetta and Morten Breum. The sound is noted as a combination of techno and progressive house.

Electro swing, or swing house, is an electronic dance music genre that combines the influence of vintage or modern swing and jazz mixed with house and hip hop. Successful examples of the genre create a modern and dance-floor focused sound that is more readily accessible to the modern ear, but that also retains the energetic excitement of live brass and early swing recordings.

时髦浩室（英语：Funky house）是浩室音乐的一个子流派，它使用迪斯科和放克样本、受放克启发的贝斯线或强烈的灵魂乐影响，并从20世纪70年代和80年代的放克音乐唱片中的鼓点汲取灵感。它经常会加入迪斯科弦乐，但并非始终如一。

未来浩室（英语：Future house）是21世纪10年代在英国诞生的一种浩室音乐流派，融合了深度浩室 、英国车库 以及其它一些电子舞曲流派中的元素和技术。 “未来浩室”一词的创造者是一位法国DJTchami ，他于2013年发布在SoundCloud的重混作品《Go Deep》是第一首被归类于此流派的作品。

车库浩室（英语：Garage house，最初称为“garage”）当地乐坛术语包括纽约浩室（New York house）和新泽西之声（New Jersey sound），是一种与芝加哥浩室音乐同时发展起来的舞曲风格。该音乐类型在20世纪80年代的美国和20世纪90年代的英国流行，并在那里发展成为英国车库音乐和速度车库音乐。

Ghetto house or booty house is a subgenre of house music which started being recognized as a distinct style from around 1992 onwards. It features minimal 808 and 909 drum machine-driven tracks and sometimes sexually explicit lyrics.

Ghettotech (also known as Detroit club) is a genre of electronic music originating from Detroit. It combines elements of Chicago's ghetto house with electro, Detroit techno, and Miami bass.

Gqom (Zulu: [ᶢǃʱòm]), igqomu ([iᶢǃʱòmu]), gqom tech, sgubhu, 3-step or G.Q.O.M is a South African electronic dance music genre and subgenre of house music, that emerged in the early 2010s from Durban, pioneered and innovated by music producers Naked Boyz, Rudeboyz, Sbucardo, Griffit Vigo, Nasty Boyz, DJ Lag, Menzi Shabane, Distruction Boyz and Citizen Boy. Unlike other South African electronic music, traditional gqom is typified by minimal, raw and repetitive sound with heavy bass but without the four-on-the-floor rhythm pattern.

Hip house, also known as rap house or house rap, is a musical genre that mixes elements of house music and hip-hop, which originated in both London and Chicago in the mid-to-late 1980s.

Italo house (often simply referred to as "Italian" or "Italian house" in the UK) is a form of house music originating in Italy. Typically popular in Italy, Britain, and United States since the late 1980s, it fuses house music and Italo disco.

Jacking, Jackin’, or the jack is a freestyle dance move in which the dancer ripples their torso back and forth in an undulating motion. It emerged within the context of Chicago house music in the 1980s.

Kwaito is a music genre that emerged in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa, between the late 1980s and 1990s. It is a sound that features the use of South African sounds and samples.

Latin house is an electronic dance music genre that combines house and Latin American music, such as that of Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, and African origin.

前卫浩室或渐进浩室（英语：Progressive House），是浩室音乐的一个分支，起源于1990年代早期的英国。Progressive House比较注重旋律和乐曲编排，拍点强弱较不明显，节奏大致在120到134bpm左右。

Microhouse, buftech or sometimes just minimal, is a subgenre of house music strongly influenced by minimalism and 1990s techno.

The New Jersey sound or Jersey sound is a genre of house music originating in Newark, New Jersey, during the early 1980s. It is a type of deep and garage house with an emphasis on soulful vocals influenced by Newark's gospel legacy.

Outsider house (originally spawned as outsider dance, also known as raw house) is a subgenre of house music, combining elements of deep house, techno, noise, and ambient, with artists embracing lo-fi techniques rather than the polished cleanliness of mainstream deep house and other EDM genres. The term "outsider dance" was coined in 2012 by the London-based DJ Ben UFO and emphasized by music journalist Scott Wilson, referring to different producers and record labels "operating at the fringes of the fringes" such as Laurel Halo, Anthony Naples.

Stadium house is a genre of dance music which was most successful in the early 1990s. Acts such as the KLF and Utah Saints combined house music with other elements more typical in rock music, such as bombastic live shows and even guitarists, to add additional impact to their music and appearance, in order to fill large venues and drive audience participation, or convey a live atmosphere in their recordings.

浩室与Techno的交汇，兼顾舞池律动与克制的电子音色细节。

Tribal house is a subgenre of house music combined with world music rhythms. It is broadly characterized by elements of indigenous musical percussions (typically conga drums or its synthesized derivative).

热带浩室（英语：Tropical house，又名Trop house），是深度浩室的一个子流派 ，也结合了舞厅和巴利阿里节拍等的元素。 这一流派的音乐人常常会参与到明日世界等在夏季举办的音乐节中。

UK hard house or simply hard house is a style of electronic dance music that emerged in the early 1990s and is synonymous with its association to the Trade club and the associated DJs there that created the style. It often features a speedy tempo (around 150 BPM but hard house ranges from around 135 BPM to around 165 BPM), offbeat bass stabs, hoovers and horns.

Hardbass或Hard Bass（俄语：хардбасс，/ˈxɑːrdbɑːs/）是1990年代晚期起源于俄罗斯电子音乐的曲风。 HardBass的灵感来源于UK hard house、Techno、Scouse House、Powerstomp和Hardstyle，拥有快节奏（通常为150-175bpm），独特的低音（即俗称“低音贝司”），失真的声音和少许的饶舌。

Electro-industrial is a subgenre of post-industrial music that emerged in the early 1980s. It was originally pioneered by acts such as Front 242, Cabaret Voltaire, Front Line Assembly, Klinik, Numb, as well as groups from Canada, the United States and the Benelux.

Electronic body music (EBM) is a genre of electronic music that combines elements of industrial music and synth-punk with elements of dance music. It developed in the early 1980s in Western Europe, as an outgrowth of both the punk and the industrial music cultures.

Futurepop is an electronic music genre that has been characterized as a blend of synth-pop, EBM and dance beats, based on trance and techno. It developed in Western Europe as an outgrowth of both the EBM and electro-industrial music cultures and it began to emerge in the late 1990s with artists such as VNV Nation, Covenant, and Apoptygma Berzerk.

Industrial hip hop is a fusion genre of industrial music and hip hop. Originally emerging in the mid-1980s, the genre incorporates the production elements of industrial music with that of traditional hip-hop instrumentation.

工业金属（英语：Industrial metal）是工业音乐中的工业摇滚所衍生出的曲风，是重金属的其中一个分支的金属派风。 此乐风最主要的乐器搭配和团员配置不外乎就是主唱、电吉他、贝斯、爵士鼓，当然也会搭配一些电子的元素所以会有些MIDI音效的搭配如：音序器、取样器或合成器……等。

新德意志硬式（德语：Neue Deutsche Härte，德语：[ˈnɔʏə ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈhɛʁtə]；直译： “新德国硬度”，有时缩写为NDH），又名新德意志酷派摇滚浪潮或舞曲金属（dance-metal），是一个于1990年代在德国境内开始发展的一个硬式摇滚和重金属音乐的趋势。该种类型的音乐结合了以低沉且清晰的主唱嗓音，背景编曲经常以电吉他扭曲的长音加上鼓以及键盘的运用，同时亦使用各种音源的合成、混音和电子鼓。

工业摇滚（Industrial rock）是融合工业音乐与庞克摇滚的一种音乐类型。工业摇滚后来衍生出工业金属，但这两者常互相混淆。

Martial industrial is an offshoot of industrial music characterized by noise, dark ambient atmospheres, neofolk melodies, dark wave tunes and neoclassical orchestrations as well as the incorporation of audio from military marches, historical speeches and political, apolitical or metapolitical lyrics. Unlike other post-industrial genres, martial industrial is typically interested more in a particular worldview or philosophy than pure experimentalism.

Witch house (also known as drag, screwgaze and haunted house) is a microgenre of electronic music that is musically characterized by high-pitched keyboard effects, heavily layered basslines and trap-style drum loops. Aesthetically, it employs occult- and gothic-inspired themes.

智能舞曲（英语：Intelligent dance music，缩写：IDM）是一种起源于20世纪90年代初的电子音乐风格，以其独特的实验性着称，而不受特定的流派限制。这种音乐可被溯源至酸浩室、氛围科技舞曲、底特律科技舞曲、碎拍等电子舞曲风格。

An algorave (from an algorithm and rave) is an event where people dance to music generated from algorithms, often using live coding techniques. Alex McLean of Slub and Nick Collins coined the word "algorave" in 2011, and the first event under such a name was organised in London, England.

Drill 'n' bass is a subgenre of drum and bass which developed in the mid-1990s as IDM artists began experimenting with elements of jungle and breakbeat music. Artists utilized powerful audio software to program frenzied, irregular beats that often discouraged dancing.

丛林音乐（英语：Jungle music），是一种融合了包括碎拍硬核、雷鬼音乐、回响音乐、舞场雷鬼等其他类型的电子音乐。它是被统称为「丛林音乐」的一个亚种。

Alternative R&B (also referred to as alt-R&B, indie R&B, and originally known as PBR&B, hipster R&B, emo R&B, or R-Neg-B) is a term used by music journalists to describe a stylistic alternative to contemporary R&B that began in the mid 2000s and came to prominence with musical artists such as Frank Ocean, Khalid, SZA, Summer Walker, Jhené Aiko, Brent Faiyaz, Zayn Malik, Tyler, the Creator, Steve Lacy, Childish Gambino, Miguel, Drake, The Weeknd, Kehlani, Tinashe, Bryson Tiller, PartyNextDoor, Tory Lanez, 6lack, and others. It is considered to be "more progressive and diverse" than its mainstream counterpart.

80至90年代逐渐形成的灵魂乐复兴，将经典灵魂乐与R&B、爵士及嘻哈融合。

新杰克摇摆（英语：New Jack Swing，简称NJS），又称新贵摇摆，是一种R&B和嘻哈音乐融合的曲风，流行于1980年代后期至1990年代初期。这种曲风融合了嘻哈中的鼓机荡拍（swingbeats）伴奏和当代R&B的唱腔。

科技舞曲（英语：Techno），又称为高科技舞曲、铁克诺或泰克诺音乐，是一种电子舞曲音乐类型，发源于20世纪80年代中期到晚期的美国密西根州底特律。音乐速度（BPM）在每分钟120—150拍，拍号为拍，通常以重复的四板节拍为特征。

Acid techno, sometimes known as "acid", is a genre of techno that was derived from acid house and developed in Europe in the late 1980s to early 1990s. It saw younger artists apply the "squelching" synthesizer sound of Chicago acid house to harder-edged techno material.

Ambient techno is a subgenre of techno that incorporates the atmospheric textures of ambient music with the rhythmic elements and production of techno. It was pioneered by 1990s electronic artists such as Aphex Twin, Carl Craig, The Orb, The Future Sound of London, the Black Dog, Pete Namlook and Biosphere.

The Birmingham sound is a subgenre of techno that emerged in Birmingham, England in the early 1990s. It is most commonly associated with the city's House of God club night, the Downwards Records label, and the local DJs and producers Regis, Surgeon and Female.

Bleep techno (or simply bleep) is a regional subgenre of techno which developed in the late 1980s in Northern England, particularly Yorkshire. Named after its minimalistic synthesizer sounds, bleep techno combined influence from American techno and house with electro elements and heavy sub-bass inspired by reggae sound system culture.

Detroit techno is a type of techno music that generally includes the first techno productions by Detroit-based artists during the 1980s and early 1990s. Prominent Detroit techno artists include Juan Atkins, Eddie Fowlkes, Derrick May, Jeff Mills, Kevin Saunderson, Blake Baxter, Drexciya, Mike Banks, James Pennington and Robert Hood.

Dub techno is a subgenre of electronic music that originated in the early 1990s, blending the repetitive, minimal structures of techno with the echo-laden, spacey production techniques of dub music. It is notable for its deep, atmospheric soundscapes, chorded layers of elaborate basslines, slowly developing musical phrases featuring heavy delay and reverb effects.

Free tekno, also known as tekno, freetekno and hardtek, is the music predominantly played at free parties in Europe. The spelling tekno is deliberately used to differentiate the musical style from techno.

Industrial techno is a subgenre of techno and industrial dance music that originated in the 1990s. Characteristically, it incorporates influences from the bleak, noisy sound and aesthetics of early industrial music acts, particularly Cabaret Voltaire and Throbbing Gristle.

Minimal techno is a subgenre of techno music. It is characterized by a stripped-down aesthetic that exploits the use of repetition and understated development.

Schaffel (the German spelling to match the English pronunciation of "shuffle") is a fusion style of techno and rock in which minimal techno's straight-up drum kick is shuffled to offbeat emphasis. Often triplet eighths are used to create swinging rhythms.

Toytown techno (also known as kiddy rave or cartoon rave) is an underground subgenre of techno that emerged in the early 1990s, characterized by merging techno, jungle, or breakbeat hardcore with samples from children's television series or public information films. Popular songs within the subgenre include Alpha Team's "Speed", Mark Summers' "Summers Magic", Smart E's "Sesame's Treet", the Prodigy's "Charly", Shaft's "Roobarb and Custard", and Urban Hype's "A Trip to Trumpton", which featured samples from Speed Racer, The Magic Roundabout, Sesame Street, Charley Says, Roobarb, and Trumpton, respectively.

出神音乐（英语：Trance music，直译：「恍惚音乐」）是一种电子舞曲的风格，中文口中也称出神、传思、劝世以及迷幻舞曲等，但大众口中多数都直称Trance。出神音乐起源于20世纪80年代末期英国的锐舞派对当中，并于20世纪90年代早期在德国兴起，与此同时并融入德国法兰克福的电子肢体音乐而后传播到欧洲的其他区域及北美地区，同时期在印度的果阿邦，也聚集了一批该流派追随者。

Acid trance is a genre of trance music that emerged in the late 1980s, focusing on using the acid sound. The trademark sound of "acid" is produced with a Roland TB-303 by playing a sequenced melody while altering the instrument's filter cutoff frequency, resonance, envelope modulation, and accent controls.

Balearic trance, also known as Ibiza trance, is a trance music subgenre which evolved from Balearic beat. The earliest known Balearic trance compositions date back to a few years after the emergence of Balearic beat in the 1990s.

梦幻出神（英语：Dream trance）是出神音乐的一个早期分支，在1995年至1998年间（恰逢出神音乐首次进入主流）在国际舞曲舞台上达到巅峰。“梦幻”（Dream）术语一词对浩室音乐产生了巨大影响，因此该子流派有时也被称为梦幻浩室（Dream house）或梦幻舞曲（Dream dance）。

A list of trance music subgenres and derivations. Several crossover with other major forms of electronic music.

Goa trance is an electronic dance music style that originated in the early 1990s in the Indian state of Goa. Goa trance often has drone-like basslines, similar to the techno minimalism of 21st century psychedelic trance (psytrance).

Nitzhonot (Hebrew: נצחונות, "victories") is a derivate of Goa trance that emerged during the mid-late 1990s in Israel.

Hard trance is a subgenre of trance music that originated in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands in the early 1990s as the Breakbeat hardcore production community began to diversify into new and different styles of electronic music, all influenced by hard house, new beat, happy hardcore and jungle music. The popularity of hard trance peaked during the late 1990s and has since faded in favor of newer forms of trance.

Suomisaundi (English: "Finnish sound"), also known as suomisoundi, suomistyge or spugedelic trance, is a style of psychedelic trance that originated in Finland around the mid-1990s. "Suomisaundi" literally means "Finnish sound" in Finnish, and its biggest proponents are said to be Tim Thick and his label Thixx'n'Dixx.

Tech trance, is a subgenre within electronic dance music that draws upon the techno and trance genres as the name suggests.

Uplifting trance (often synonymous with epic trance, energetic trance, anthem trance, emotional trance, or euphoric trance) is a broad subgenre of trance music. The name, which emerged in the wake of progressive trance in 1996, is derived from the feeling which listeners claim to get (often described as a "rush").

英国车库（英语：UK Garage，缩写为UKG）是一种电子舞曲音乐流派，起源于20世纪90年代初期至中期的英国。该流派明显受到车库浩室音乐和丛林音乐制作方法的启发，但也融合了流行舞曲和节奏布鲁斯的元素。

二步车库舞曲（英语：2-step garage，简称2-step），或简称为二步车库，是一种电子音乐流派，也是英国车库音乐的一个子流派。音乐的主要特征之一是—该术语被创造出来是为了描述“所有不符合车库音乐传统四板节拍节奏的抖动、不规规律节奏的通用规则”—这种节奏缺乏在许多其他具有规则四板节拍的电子音乐风格中发现的底鼓模式。

Bassline (sometimes referred to as bassline house or 4x4 or niche) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in South Yorkshire in the early 2000s. Stylistically it comprises a four-to-the-floor beat with a tempo of around 135–142 beats per minute and a heavy bass, similar to speed garage, with chopped up R&B and Pop vocal samples and a pop music aesthetic.

Breakstep, or breakbeat garage, is a genre of music that evolved from the UK garage scene and influenced the emergence of dubstep.

Future garage is a genre of electronic music that incorporates a variety of influences from UK garage and softer elements from 2-step garage, leading to an off-kilter rhythmic style. Characteristic sounds are pitched vocal chops, warm filtered reese basses, dark atmospheres (including synth pads, field recordings and other atmospheric sounds) and vinyl crackle.

污垢音乐或煤尘音乐（英语：Grime music，有时又称：车库饶舌）是从21世纪00年代初在东伦敦出现的一种音乐类型。它由早期的英国电子音乐风格发展起来，包括英国车库和丛林舞曲，同时也受到牙买加舞厅、拉格和嘻哈音乐的影响。

Grindie (also known as grime-indie or grime indie) is a fusion genre that emerged in the 2000s which merges indie rock or alternative rock with grime music. The term "grindie" was originally coined by music journalist John Doran in 2004 and later adopted by producer Statik who developed the style through the compilation album Grindie Vol.

Speed garage (occasionally known as plus-8) is a genre of electronic dance music, associated with the UK garage scene, of which it is regarded as one of its subgenres.

英国时髦（英语：UK funky，有时被称为UKF或Funky）是一种电子舞曲，起源于英国，深受时髦浩室、英国车库的影响。通常，英国时髦将节拍、低音循环和合成器与非洲和拉丁打击乐与当代节奏布鲁斯风格的人声相结合。

Funkstep (also known as dubbage) is a style of UK funky, incorporating elements of dubstep and sometimes drum and bass.

Wonky is a subgenre of electronic dance music known primarily for its off-kilter or "unstable" beats, as well as its eclectic, colorful blend of genres including hip-hop, electro-funk, 8-bit, jazz fusion, glitch, and crunk. Artists associated with the style include Joker, Rustie, Hudson Mohawke, Zomby, and Flying Lotus.

游戏音乐是一种使用于电视游戏及电脑游戏的音乐，分为主题曲、背景音乐、原声音乐或游戏音效等。 日本在电子游戏音乐方面有着丰富的历史和传统，一直以来都是许多多产和有成就的作曲家的故乡。

芯片音乐（英语：Chiptune），也被称为8比特音乐（8-bit music），是一种电子音乐形式，形成于1980年代。它利用老式电脑，视频游戏机和街机等的音乐芯片，或者使用仿真器制作。

Bitpop, also known as Chiptune Fusion, is a type of electronic music and subgenre of chiptune music, where at least part of the music is made using the sound chips of 8-bit (or 16-bit) computers and video game consoles.

Skweee is a musical style, with origin in Sweden and Finland. Skweee combines simple synth/chiptune leads and basslines with funk, R&B or soul-like rhythms, overall rendering a stripped-down funky sound.

Nintendocore is a broadly defined style of music that most commonly fuses chiptune and video game music with hardcore punk and/or heavy metal. The genre is sometimes considered a direct subgenre of post-hardcore and a fusion genre between metalcore and chiptune.

The American folk music revival began during the 1940s and peaked in popularity in the mid-1960s. Early folk music performers include Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Pete Seeger, Richard Dyer-Bennet, Oscar Brand, Jean Ritchie, John Jacob Niles, Susan Reed, Mississippi John Hurt, Josh White, and Cisco Houston.

The British folk revival incorporates a number of movements for the collection, preservation and performance of folk music in the United Kingdom and related territories and countries, which had origins as early as the 18th century. It is particularly associated with two movements, usually referred to as the first and second revivals, respectively in the late 19th to early 20th centuries and the mid-20th century.

凯尔特音乐（英文：Celtic music）是一个被艺术家、唱片公司、音像店和音乐杂志用来描述一种宽泛的音乐类型的名词，这些音乐类型均自西欧凯尔特人的民间音乐传统发展而成。就概念本身而言，没有任何真正的音乐主体可以被精确地描述为凯尔特音乐，但这个名称依然被确定下来，既指口头传播的民俗音乐，也包含被录制下来的流行音乐。

Chalga (Bulgarian: чалга), often referred to as pop-folk or ethno-pop, is a genre of Bulgarian pop music. Chalga is a folk-inspired dance music genre, with a blend of traditional Bulgarian music along with influences from Greek, Serbian, Turkish, Romani and Arabic music.

A corrido (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈriðo]) is a narrative metrical tale and poetry that forms a ballad. The songs often feature topics such as oppression, history, daily life for criminals, the vaquero lifestyle, and other socially relevant themes.

The term Creole music (French: musique créole) is used to refer to two distinct musical traditions: art songs adapted from 19th-century vernacular music; or the vernacular traditions of Louisiana Creole people which have persisted as 20th- and 21st-century la la and zydeco in addition to influencing Cajun music.

Filk music is a musical culture, genre, and community tied to science fiction, fantasy, and horror fandom and a type of fan labor. The genre has existed since the early 1950s and been played primarily since the mid-1970s.

新民谣（Neofolk）是一种由民谣音乐衍生而来的实验音乐，最初发端于后工业音乐的音乐圈内。 新民谣可以仅包含民谣音乐的元素，亦可以包含传统民谣音乐配之以钢琴、弦乐以及工业音乐和实验音乐的元素。

流行民谣（Folk Pop）是一种融合当代民谣与流行音乐元素的音乐风格，起源于20世纪50年代。其特点在于结合传统民谣的叙事性、文化主题与流行音乐的旋律性及商业化制作，形成兼具亲和力与艺术性的声音。

民谣摇滚，又称为民间摇滚（英语：Folk rock）是一种把民谣音乐与摇滚音乐相结合形成的音乐流派。这个名称最初在狭义上是指1960年代中期在美国和英国产生的此种音乐类型。

British folk rock is a form of folk rock which developed in the United Kingdom from the mid 1960s, and was at its most significant in the 1970s. Though the merging of folk and rock music came from several sources, it is widely regarded that the success of "The House of the Rising Sun" by British band the Animals in 1964 was a catalyst, prompting Bob Dylan to "go electric", in which, like the Animals, he brought folk and rock music together, from which other musicians followed.

Celtic rock is a genre of folk rock, as well as a form of Celtic fusion which incorporates Celtic music, instrumentation and themes into a rock music context. It has been prolific since the early 1970s and can be seen as a key foundation of the development of successful mainstream Celtic bands and popular musical performers, as well as creating important derivatives through further fusions.

独立民谣（英语：Indie folk，亦称为另类民谣）是一种于1990年代兴起的另类音乐类型，起源于受到民谣音乐影响的独立摇滚圈音乐家。

Medieval folk rock, medieval rock or medieval folk is a musical subgenre that emerged in the early 1970s in England and Germany which combined elements of early music with rock music. It grew out of the British folk rock and progressive folk movements of the late 1960s.

Progressive folk is a style of contemporary folk that adds new layers of musical and lyrical complexity, often incorporating various ethnic influences.

Psychedelic folk (also known as acid folk) is a loosely defined form of psychedelic music that originated in the 1960s. It retains the largely acoustic instrumentation of folk, but adds musical elements common to psychedelia.

Freak folk is a subgenre of psychedelic folk associated with the 2000s New Weird America movement and used to describe the work of artists such as Joanna Newsom, Devendra Banhart, Animal Collective, and Adem. The term "freak folk" had been in informal use for decades before solidifying into a genre in the mid-2000s.

New Weird America is a music scene that emerged in the early 2000s. The term was coined by writer David Keenan in the August 2003 issue of British music magazine The Wire as a play on Greil Marcus's phrase "Old Weird America" from his book Invisible Republic which referred to music ranging from Harry Smith's Anthology of American Folk Music to Bob Dylan.

民谣金属 是重金属音乐的其中一个分支。它的演奏特色主要是加入了民谣用到的乐器，如小提琴、中提琴、竖琴等。

Celtic metal is a subgenre of folk metal that emerged in Ireland during the early 1990s. It fuses the intensity of heavy metal with traditional Celtic music, incorporating instruments such as the tin whistle, bodhrán, and uilleann pipes.

Medieval metal is a subgenre of folk metal that blends heavy metal music with medieval folk music. Medieval metal is mostly restricted to Germany where it is known as Mittelalter-Metal or Mittelalter-Rock.

异教金属（Pagan metal），是一类重金属音乐的总称，此类金属混合了极端金属和“特定文化或地区的非基督教传统”，通过主题概念、粗野的旋律、民族乐器或古老的语言表现出来，经常涉及民谣金属和黑金属。挪威乐队In the Woods...是首批被看做异教金属的乐队之一。

Pirate metal is a style of heavy metal music characterized by its incorporation of pirate mythology within the music and sometimes in stage performances. Lyrics often use piratical jargon and various musical genres, such as thrash metal, speed metal, and folk metal, may be combined with traditional-sounding songs like sea shanties.

维京金属是黑金属音乐的另一个分支流派。此种乐风是以黑金属为架构，一样使用失真吉他、双踏、黑腔、键盘等等的演奏方式，不过编曲上比黑金属要注重旋律，曲风也比较没有那么凶狠、肃杀、反而多了一些较为抒情的感觉。

Folk punk (originally known as rogue folk) is a fusion of folk music and punk rock, particularly characterized by a folk-inspired sound blended with punk-inspired lyrics. It was popularized in the early 1980s by the Pogues in England, and by Violent Femmes in the United States.

Anti-folk (sometimes spelled antifolk) is a genre of folk music that emerged in the 1980s in New York City. It was founded by singer-songwriter Lach, as a response to the prevailing folk music scene.

Celtic punk is punk rock mixed with traditional Celtic music. Celtic punk bands often play traditional Celtic folk songs, contemporary/political folk songs, and original compositions.

Gypsy punk is a hybrid musical genre that combines traditional Romani and Eastern European folk music with punk rock, and is considered a subgenre of the wider label of folk punk. One of the first rock groups to incorporate elements of punk and Roma music was Boiled in Lead, which was founded in 1983 and is still active today.

Scottish Gaelic punk (also known as Gaelic punk) is a subgenre of punk rock in which bands sing some or all of their music in Scottish Gaelic. The Gaelic punk scene is, in part, an affirmation of the value of minority languages and cultures.

Industrial folk music, industrial folk song, industrial work song or working song is a subgenre of folk or traditional music that developed from the 18th century, particularly in Britain and North America, with songs dealing with the lives and experiences of industrial workers. The origins of industrial folk song are in the British Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century as workers tended to take the forms of music with which they were familiar, including ballads and agricultural work songs, and adapt them to their new experiences and circumstances.

墨西哥街头乐队 (西班牙语：Mariachi) 是一种墨西哥式的乐队，通常由至少3个小提琴手、2个小号手、1个墨西哥吉他手、1个vihuela琴手与1个guitarrón琴手组成，但在一些餐厅的走唱团体可能只有三到四人；乐队成员通常身着华丽的墨西哥服饰「Charro」，头戴宽边的墨西哥帽。乐队通常在婚礼、节庆等正式场合上表演。

Ranchera (pronounced [ranˈtʃeɾa]) or canción ranchera is a genre of traditional music of Mexico. It dates to before the years of the Mexican Revolution.

抗争歌曲（英语：protest song），或称抗议歌曲，是指与社会运动有关的歌曲，音乐风格不固定。抗争歌是民众对社会问题关注时利用音乐表达意见作出的歌曲，涵盖话题广泛，从平权到反战，从反文化到环保更甚至在体育运动的国际赛事上均有抗争歌曲的身影。

创作歌手（英语：Singer-songwriter），另外又称创作型歌手或唱作人，指的是同时作词作曲及演唱自己创作的歌手。创作歌手有时使用吉他或钢琴或其他乐器为整首曲目提供伴奏，创作曲目或改编曲目主要的作用是用来承载具有主题性的题材，主题可以提及爱情及生活。

新民歌运动（西班牙语：Nueva canción，直译为“新的歌谣”）是1970年代—1980年代在伊比利亚美洲和伊比利亚半岛兴起的一个民间运动与音乐类型，以民间音乐，受到民族音乐启发而创作的音乐，与社会关怀及生活相关的音乐为主。它在葡萄牙、西班牙与使用西语系和葡语系的伊比利美洲，形成了一个独特的世代。

噪音爵士乐（英语：skiffle）又称民谣爵士乐，是一种流行音乐，受到爵士乐、蓝调、民间音乐、美国民间音乐的影响，通常是一个小乐团，早期表演者经常使用自制或临时拼凑的乐器，比较著重于即兴演出。噪音爵士乐这个词起源于美国20世纪初期，在50年代英国开始流行，主要音乐家有Lonnie Donegan，The Vipers Skiffle Group，Ken Colyer和Chas McDevitt等。

Sung poetry is a broad and imprecise music genre widespread in European countries, such as Poland and the Baltic States, especially Poland and Lithuania, to describe songs consisting of a poem (most often a ballad) and music written especially for that text. The compositions usually feature a delicate melody and scarce musical background, often comprising a guitar or piano.

In the folk tradition, there are many traditional blues verses that have been sung over and over by many artists. Blues singers, who include many country and folk artists as well as those commonly identified with blues singers, use these traditional lyrics to fill out their blues performances.

80年代末至90年代初兴盛于美国东海岸，强调采样底鼓与军鼓的鲜明节拍。

弹跳音乐（英语：Bounce Music），是电子音乐中一种舞曲风格。该舞曲风格主要参杂了Dubstep等曲风，也是电音中流行的一种。

Chopped and screwed (also called screwed and chopped or slowed and throwed) is a genre of hip-hop music and technique of remixing and sampling music that involves slowing down the tempo and DJing. It was pioneered by DJ Screw, and became a staple in the Houston hip hop scene in the 1990s.

Chopper rap, also simply known as chopper, is a subgenre of hip hop music that originated in the Midwestern United States and features fast-paced rhyming or rapping. Those that rap in the style are known as choppers, and rapping in the style is sometimes referred to as chopping.

Christian hip-hop (originally gospel rap, also known as Christian rap, gospel hip-hop or holy hip-hop) is a cross-genre of contemporary Christian music and hip-hop. It emerged from urban contemporary music and Christian media in the United States during the 1980s.

Classic hip-hop is a music radio format focusing primarily on hip-hop from the 1980s, 1990s, and the early to mid-2000s. Although stations with such a format date back as far as 2004, the format was first popularized in October 2014, after Radio One dropped a poorly performing news radio format from its Houston station KROI in favor of classic hip-hop.

Comedy hip-hop or comedy rap is a subgenre of hip-hop music designed to be amusing or comedic, compared to artists who incorporate humor into their more serious, purist hip-hop styles. Many examples of comedy hip-hop are parodic.

Digicore (originally known as draincore) is an Internet microgenre of hip-hop and electronic music that developed alongside hyperpop in the late 2010s to early 2020s. The genre is typically made up of artists that share stylistic similarities to Drain Gang and 100 gecs, rather than the "bubblegum bass" musicians signed to the label PC Music.

东岸嘻哈（英语：East Coast hip-hop）是嘻哈音乐的区域性分支，缘起于20世纪70年代的美国纽约市。东岸嘻哈被认为是嘻哈乐的最早及最初形式。

即兴饶舌，又称花式饶舌、自由说唱，经常用来形容临场即兴的说唱方式，其歌词很少预先写好，全靠表演者即兴发挥，有时会配合伴奏和强烈节拍将内容唱出，因此中文翻译成「即兴饶舌」；但在早期发展中，freestyle的表演者有时会预先写好歌词，以展现较复杂的说唱技，所以有「花式饶舌」的名字。目前两个译名在华文乐坛中均有使用。

Frat rap is a subgenre of hip hop music that emerged in the late 2000s. It is sonically easygoing with a straightforward rhyming style and singsong cadence accompanied by a lyrical focal point on coming of age hedonism, which can include campus lifestyle, debaucherous parties, recreational drugs, and women.

G-funk, short for gangsta funk, is a sub-genre of gangsta rap that emerged from the West Coast scene in the early 1990s. The genre is heavily influenced by the synthesizer-heavy 1970s funk sound of Parliament-Funkadelic (aka P-Funk), often incorporated through samples or re-recordings.

Hardcore hip-hop (also known as hardcore rap) is a subgenre of hip-hop that developed through the East Coast hip-hop scene in the 1980s. Pioneered by such artists as Run-DMC, Schoolly D, Boogie Down Productions and Public Enemy, it is generally characterized by anger, aggression and confrontation.

Dirty rap (also known as porno rap, porn rap, dirty hip hop, sex rap, booty rap, ratchet rap or pornocore) is a subgenre of hip hop music that contains lyrical content revolving mainly around sexually explicit subjects. The lyrics are often overtly explicit and graphic, sometimes to the point of being comical or offensive.

帮派饶舌（英语：Gangsta rap）是嘻哈音乐的一个子分类，起源于1980年代的美国洛杉矶。许多帮派饶舌歌手出身自瘸帮、血帮等街头帮派，歌曲内容多与种族主义、犯罪、贫穷、警察暴力有关。

Horrorcore (also known as shock rap, psycho rap, horror hip hop, horror rap, death hip hop, death rap, or murder rap) is a subgenre of hip hop music based on horror-themed and often darkly transgressive lyrical content and imagery. Its origins derived from certain hardcore hip hop and gangsta rap artists, such as the Geto Boys, who began to incorporate supernatural, the occult, and psychological horror themes into their lyrics.

孟菲斯说唱，也称孟菲斯嘻哈或孟菲斯恐怖核，是嘻哈音乐的一个地区性子流派，起源于1980年代中期至后期的田纳西州孟菲斯。

The term hyphy ( HY-fee) is an Oakland, California, slang meaning "hyperactive". More specifically, it is an adjective describing the hip-hop music and the culture associated with the Oakland area.

Jerk(又称Jerkin、the Jerk)是大约起源于2009年美国L.A的一群青少年，除了是新兴的街舞风格外，也是一种正面积极的生活态度——反对暴力欺负、金钱勒索、吸毒酗酒等与次文化中给人的负面形象。另外Jerkers身上的「Skinny」Style，除了与「Baggy Daddy」大而宽松的上衣与垮裤等穿着做区隔外，穿着合身、重视细节搭配，以颠覆盲从潮流时，易失去的时尚与质感。

Internet rap (also known as online rap or originally blog rap) is a style of hip-hop that emerged in the late 2000s, initially spreading through the online blogosphere, and early social media platforms like Myspace and later Tumblr, as well as mixtape-sharing site DatPiff. Internet rap encompasses various online styles and aesthetics deeply intertwined with internet culture, memes, and digital communities.

Jewish hip hop is a genre of hip hop music with thematic, stylistic, or cultural ties to Judaism and its musical traditions.

Latin hip-hop (also known as Latin rap) is a subgenre of hip-hop music that is recorded by Spanish-speaking artists in North America, South America, and Spain.

Chicano rap is a subgenre of hip-hop music that emerged from a community of Mexican-American communites in the United States. The genre itself, combines elements of traditional hip-hop/rap with Chicano culture and the Chicano Movement.

Nerdcore is a genre of hip hop music and nerd music characterized by subject matter considered of interest to nerds and geeks. Self-described nerdcore rapper MC Frontalot has the earliest known recorded use of the term (to describe this genre) in the 2000 song "Nerdcore Hiphop".

Chap hop is a fusion genre of music originating from England that mixes the hip-hop genre with elements from the Chappist or steampunk subcultures and stereotypical English obsessions such as cricket, tea, and the weather.

Political hip hop (also known as political rap and conscious hip-hop) is a subgenre of hip hop music that emerged in the 1980s as a form of political expression and activism. It typically addresses sociopolitical issues through lyrics, aiming to inspire action, promote social change, or convey specific political viewpoints.

Progressive rap (or progressive hip-hop) is a broad subgenre of hip-hop that aims to progress the genre thematically with socially transformative ideas and musically with stylistic experimentation. Developing through the works of innovative US hip-hop acts during the 1980s and 1990s, it has also been known at various points as conscious, underground, and alternative hip-hop.

Slab (sometimes in all capital letters) is an acronym for "slow, loud, and bangin'" that describes a custom car, music and surrounding culture that's associated with African American hip-hop culture that emerged in the Houston area. Slab music emerged in the 1990s as a form of music that incorporated chopped and screwed music altered in a mass commercial (or radio) friendly way rather than the underground mixtapes released at the time.

南部嘻哈（Southern hip hop）或称南部说唱（Southern rap），是美国嘻哈乐的一个流派，兴起于20世纪80年代晚期包括新奥尔良、休斯敦、纳什维尔、亚特兰大、孟菲斯、夏洛特及迈阿密等美国南部城市的夜店之中。该音乐流派是对自80年代以来从纽约市到加州席卷全美的嘻哈风潮的回应，可视作是继东海岸嘻哈和西海岸嘻哈之后，美国第三大主流嘻哈流派。

Sigilkore is an Internet microgenre of hip-hop that emerged in the late 2010s, originally pioneered by American rapper and producer Luci4. The style is characterized by layered DJ mixing and digital effects such as bitcrushing and pitch shifting with lyrics relating to magic, deities, demons and occult rituals.

Rage (also known as rage music, rage beats or rage rap) is a subgenre of trap music that originated in the United States in the late 2010s. The early rage sound was characterized by short, looping, stereo-widened, future bass-influenced synthesizer lead hooks and basic, energetic trap rhythms.

Working on Dying is an American producer collective based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was formed in 2012 by American record producer Richard Ortiz, known professionally as F1lthy, and his younger brother, Jordan Ortiz, who is known professionally as Oogie Mane.

Turntablism is the art of manipulating sounds and creating new music, sound effects, mixes, and other creative sounds and beats, typically by using two or more turntables and a cross fader-equipped DJ mixer. The mixer is plugged into a PA system (for live events) or broadcasting equipment (if the DJ is performing on radio, TV or Internet radio) so that a wider audience can hear the turntablist's music.

地下嘻哈（英语：underground hip hop 或 indie hip-hop）或地下说唱（英语：underground rap）指未签约商业公司、不以盈利为目的、饶舌风格的地下音乐，属于嘻哈文化。 地下嘻哈惯用政治、生活等内容当作歌词的主题。

西海岸嘻哈（英语：West Coast hip-hop）是嘻哈音乐的一种区域分支，囊括了所有发迹于美国西部地区的艺人或音乐作品，与之相对应的东海岸嘻哈则以纽约市为主。西海岸嘻哈的分支——匪帮说唱在20世纪90年代早期统治了电台播放以及音乐销售市场。

90年代初将R&B及灵魂乐演唱置于嘻哈制作与节拍之上。

Hipdut or hip-dut is an Indonesian fusion genre that combines elements of hip hop and dangdut. It is commonly associated with rap or sung vocals over dangdut, koplo, electronic, or trap-influenced arrangements.

爵士饶舌（英语：Jazz rap，也称爵士嘻哈或爵士说唱，英语：Jazz hip hop、jazz hop）是嘻哈音乐和爵士乐的融合产物，萌生于20世纪80年代后期和20世纪90年代初期。AllMusic形容这种音乐风格“将美国黑人音乐的传统风格与当前时兴的风格融合起来，在复兴了前者的同时，扩展了后者的边界。

Pop rap (also known as pop hip-hop, pop hop, hip pop, melodic hip-hop, or melodic rap) is a genre of music fusing the rhythm-based lyricism of hip-hop with pop's preference for melodic vocals, catchy hooks, and occasional rap-singing on pop-like productions and structure, as well as samples of various popular songs. This genre gained mainstream popularity during the 1990s, though the influences and roots of pop rap can trace back to late-1980s hip-hop artists such as Run-DMC, LL Cool J, and Beastie Boys.

Psychedelic rap (also known as psychedelic hip-hop) is a microgenre that fuses hip-hop with psychedelia. The genre's sound was influenced by psychedelic rock and soul, funk and jazz, utilizing breaks and samples that create a hallucinogenic effect.

Punk rap is a fusion genre that merges punk rock and hip-hop. The genre has been described as also drawing influences from trap music, heavy metal and lo-fi.

Raggamuffin music (or simply ragga) is a subgenre of dancehall and reggae music. The instrumentals primarily consist of electronic music with heavy use of sampling.

A rap opera or hip-hop opera (also known as a hip hopera, hip-hopera, hiphopera, or rapera), is a musical work in hip-hop style with operatic form. The terms have been used to describe both dramatic works and concept albums, and hip hopera has also been used for works drawing more heavily on contemporary R&B than other hip hop such as rap.

Rap rock is a fusion genre that developed from the early to mid-1980s, when hip hop DJs incorporated rock records into their routines and rappers began incorporating original and sampled rock instrumentation into hip hop music. Rap rock is considered to be rock music in which lyrics are rapped, rather than sung.

饶舌金属(英文：Rap Metal / Rapcore)是一种嘻哈饶舌混搭摇滚的曲风，其后被归类于新金属。

硬核朋克（英语：Hardcore Punk，通常简称为硬核）是朋克摇滚的一个分支，起源于1970年代的英国和北美。硬核朋克比最初的朋克更重，更噪，更快，旋律更加简单更加混乱。

酸爵士（英语：Acid jazz，又译迷幻爵士，英语：Psychedelic jazz；律动爵士乐或旋味爵士乐，英语：Groove jazz；爵士音乐具乐部，英语：Club jazz）（见#名称段落），源于英国英格兰南部，是爵士乐的一种分支音乐类型，结合了部分灵魂乐、放克音乐（Funk）和的士高成分，尤其是循环拍子和调式和声方面。 它在1980年-1990年间开始发展，由最初类似爵士放克风格，转型至类似电子舞曲和波普音乐的混合。

Afro-Cuban jazz is the earliest form of Latin jazz. It mixes Afro-Cuban clave-based rhythms with jazz harmonies and techniques of improvisation.

融合爵士乐（英语：Jazz fusion，也通常被称为爵士摇滚，英语：Jazz rock、爵士摇滚融合乐，英语：Jazz-rock fusion；或简称融合，英语：Fusion）是混合了两种以上风格的爵士乐，最常见的就是与摇滚乐混合的摇滚爵士乐。 20世纪60年代中期，由于摇滚乐等新兴起音乐潮流崛起，使得爵士乐逐渐没落。

Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz, experimental jazz, or "new thing") is a style of music and improvisation that combines avant-garde art music and composition with jazz. It originated in the early 1950s and developed through the late 1960s.

咆勃爵士乐（英文：Bebop或Bop），又译波普、比波普、或博普，源于美国，是一种兴起于1940年代初中期的爵士乐演奏形式，相较于大乐团时期的爵士乐，咆勃爵士乐在垂直的和声上采用许多延伸音，水平的旋律构筑除与和声的延伸音相应外，也运用许多邻接音与半音来即兴。节奏方面常运用许多重音错置手法造成特殊的律动。

大乐团或大乐队（英语：Big band）又称为爵士管弦乐团 / 乐队（Jazz orchestra），是演奏爵士乐的乐团，流行于美国1930年代初到1950年代末的摇摆年代。大乐团的编制通常有10到25位乐手，包括演奏萨克斯风、小喇叭、伸缩喇叭、铁琴的乐手，还有歌手以及负责节奏乐器的乐手。

巴萨诺瓦（葡萄牙语：Bossa Nova，葡萄牙语发音：[ˈbɔsɐ ˈnɔvɐ] ）是一种融合巴西森巴舞曲和美国酷派爵士的一种“新派爵士乐”，承袭choro和samba-canção的部分特色而又自成一格，乍听简洁轻快。巴萨诺瓦结构复杂；乐器的音阶或和弦转换的行进方式变幻莫测，往往乍听下以为可以掌握旋律的起落和节奏，和弦一转换后即捕捉不及。

Brazilian jazz can refer to both a genre, largely influenced by bossa nova and samba, that exists in many nations and the jazz music of Brazil itself.

British dance band is a genre of popular jazz and dance music that developed in British dance halls and hotel ballrooms during the 1920s and 1930s, often called a Golden Age of British music, prior to the Second World War. British dance bands of this era typically played melodic, good-time music that had jazz and big band influences but also maintained a peculiarly British sense of rhythm and style which came from the music hall tradition.

Cape jazz is a genre of jazz that is performed in the very southern part of Africa, the name being a reference to Cape Town, South Africa. Some writers say that Cape jazz began to emerge in 1959 with the formation of The Jazz Epistles, many of whom were from Cape Town, including Abdullah Ibrahim, then known as Dollar Brand.

Chamber jazz is a genre of jazz involving small, acoustic-based ensembles where group interplay is important. It is influenced aesthetically by the small ensembles of chamber music in musical neoclassicism and is often influenced by classical forms of Western music, non-Western music and culture, and various folk genres such as Celtic music, Central European, or Latin American music.

Continental jazz was a genre of music that included early jazz dance bands of Europe in the swing medium, to the exclusion of Great Britain. The genre was generally practiced until the conclusion of World War II. By the time bebop came to popularity, the style became more or less obsolete.

冷爵士乐（英文：Cool jazz）是1940年代咆勃爵士乐而发展出来的一种爵士乐形式。冷爵士乐在美国西岸地区兴起，强调整体音乐结构，不会进行过多即兴发挥，特点是表现出忧郁及压抑的情感。

迪克西兰（英语：Dixieland），又称热爵士乐（英语：hot jazz）或传统爵士乐（英语：Traditional jazz），是一种相对早期的爵士乐类型，源于美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良，由一些白人爵士音乐人从新奥尔良爵士演变而来。它结合了用铜管乐乐队演奏的进行曲、法国方舞（Quadrille）、拉格泰姆（Ragtime）、蓝调。

Ethno jazz, also known as world jazz, is a subgenre of jazz and world music, developed internationally in the 1950s and '60s and broadly characterized by a combination of traditional jazz and non-Western musical elements. Though occasionally equaled to or considered the successor of world music, an independent meaning of ethno jazz emerged around 1990 through the commercial success of ethnic music via globalization, which especially observed a Western focus on Asian musical interpretations.

European free jazz is a part of the global free jazz scene with its own development and characteristics. It is hard to establish who are the founders of European free jazz because of the different developments in different European countries.

Free-funk is a combination of avant-garde jazz with funk music that developed in the 1970s. Leaders of the genre include Ornette Coleman and his Prime Time group, Ronald Shannon Jackson and his group Decoding Society, Jamaaladeen Tacuma and his group Spectacle and James "Blood" Ulmer.

Free improvisation (also known as free-form music) is a form of improvised music centered on a commitment to non-idiomatic musical expression. It developed through free jazz, serialism and indeterminacy, and is characterized by a general rejection of formal music theory and tonality, instead following the intuition of its performers and the exploration of dynamic, timbre and texture.

自由爵士（英语：free jazz）是爵士音乐的一种音乐形式，最早见于1950年代至1960年代，是最具争议性的音乐形式之一。当时自由爵士乐手们极尽所能去改变、延展、解离爵士乐的音乐传统，变更固定的和弦变化方式或节拍速度。

吉普赛爵士（或称摇摆吉普赛爵士）是一种爵士乐演奏风格，多数人认为由金格·莱恩哈特于1930年期间开创了这种乐风。吉普赛爵士的发迹与法国息息相关，许多人也称其为"Jazz Manouche"（译为吉普赛爵士），即便在英文里也是这样称呼。

硬博普乐（英文：Hard bop）是一种爵士音乐流派。它是咆勃爵士乐的延伸。

The twelve-bar blues (or blues changes) is one of the most prominent chord progressions in popular music. The blues progression has a distinctive form in lyrics, phrase, chord structure, and duration.

放克爵士乐（英语：Jazz funk），是20世纪60年代受放克影响而发展出来的一种爵士乐风格，特色是强列的反拍，即兴演奏比重较放克音乐要多，与同时期的融合爵士乐相似使用大量电子乐器、合成器。

Kansas City jazz is a style of jazz that developed in Kansas City, Missouri during the 1920s and 1930s, which marked the transition from the structured big band style to the much more improvisational style of bebop. The hard-swinging, bluesy transition style is bracketed by Count Basie, who in 1929 signed with Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra, and Kansas City native Charlie Parker, who promoted the bebop style in America.

Latin jazz is a genre of jazz with Latin American rhythms. The two main categories are Afro-Cuban jazz, rhythmically based on Cuban popular dance music, with a rhythm section employing ostinato patterns or a clave, and Afro-Brazilian jazz, which includes samba and bossa nova.

A jam band is a musical group whose concerts and live albums substantially feature improvisational "jamming". Typically, jam bands will play variations of pre-existing songs, extending them to improvise over chord patterns or rhythmic grooves.

The term "M-Base" is a term coined in the 1980s by American musician Steve Coleman to describe a new theory about creative expression. "M-Base-concept" is short for "macro-basic array of structured extemporization", and critics have used this term to categorize this scene's music as a style of jazz.

Mainstream jazz is a term coined in the 1950s by music journalist Stanley Dance, who considered anything within the popular jazz of the Swing Era "mainstream", and did not include the bebop style.

调式爵士（英文：Modal jazz）是爵士乐的一种，在和声架构方面采用调式而非进行式和弦。调式爵士乐发源于20世纪50年代末和60年代，最典型的代表是迈尔士·戴维斯的专辑《Milstones》（1958）、专辑《Kind of Blue》（1959）和1960至1964年约翰·柯川的古典四人组。

Neo-bop (also called neotraditionalist jazz) refers to a style of jazz that gained popularity in the 1980s among musicians who found greater aesthetic affinity for acoustic, swinging, melodic forms of jazz than for the avant-garde jazz and jazz fusion that had gained prominence in the 1960s and 1970s. Neo-bop is distinct from previous bebop and hard bop music due to the influence of trumpeter Wynton Marsalis, who popularized the genre as an artistic and academic endeavor opposed to the countercultural developments of the Beat Generation and subsequently.

The swing revival, also called retro swing and neo-swing, was a renewed interest in swing music and Lindy Hop and swing dance, beginning in the early 1980s and reaching a peak in the late 1990s. The music was generally rooted in the big bands of the swing era of the 1930s and 1940s, but it was also greatly influenced by rockabilly, boogie-woogie, the jump blues of artists such as Louis Prima and Louis Jordan; and the theatrics of Cab Calloway.

Orchestral jazz or symphonic jazz is a form of jazz that developed in New York City in the 1920s. Early innovators of the genre, such as Fletcher Henderson and Duke Ellington, include some of the most highly regarded musicians, composers, and arrangers in all of jazz history.

Post-bop is a jazz term with several possible definitions and usages. It has been variously defined as a musical period, a musical genre, a musical style, and a body of music, sometimes in different chronological periods, depending on the writer.

Punk jazz is a genre of music that combines elements of jazz, especially improvisation, with the instrumentation and performance style of punk rock. The term was first used to describe James Chance and the Contortions' 1979 album Buy.

Samba-jazz or jazz samba is an instrumental subgenre of samba that emerged in the bossa nova ambit in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Brazil. The style consolidated the approach of Brazilian samba with American jazz, especially bebop and hard bop, jazzy styles quite experienced by Brazilian musicians in scope of gafieiras and nightclubs especially in Rio de Janeiro.

渋谷系（しぶやけい、シブヤ系）是以东京都涩谷（涩谷区宇田川町一带）为发信地，1990年代流行的日本流行音乐（J-POP）的类型、运动。也指1990年代中期至后期兴盛的时尚风格。

Ska jazz is a music genre derived by fusing the melodic content of jazz with the rhythmic and harmonic content of early Jamaican Music introduced by the "Fathers of Ska" in the late 1950s. The ska-jazz movement began during the 1990s in New York and London, where pioneering avant-garde jazz and reggae musicians pushed the boundaries of reggae music.

柔顺爵士（英语：Smooth jazz）是一种面向商业市场的跨界爵士乐。虽然它常被人们称作一种“音乐流派”，但在爵士乐界中这一说法存在争议。

Soul jazz or funky jazz is a subgenre of jazz that incorporates strong influences from hard bop, blues, soul, gospel and rhythm and blues. Soul jazz is often characterized by organ trios featuring the Hammond organs and small combos including saxophones, brass instruments, electric guitars, double basses, bass guitars, drums, pianos, vocals and electric organs.

Straight-ahead jazz is a genre of jazz that developed in the 1960s, with roots in the prior two decades. It omits the rock music and free jazz influences that began to appear in jazz during this period, instead preferring acoustic instruments, conventional piano comping, walking bass patterns, and swing- and bop-based drum rhythms.

Stride jazz piano, often shortened to stride, is a jazz piano style that arose from ragtime players. Prominent stride pianists include James P. Johnson, Willie "the Lion" Smith, Fats Waller, Luckey Roberts, and Mary Lou Williams.

摇摆乐（英语：Swing music）是1930年代早期发源于美国的一种音乐类型，至1935年已形成独特的风格。摇摆乐依靠由低音提琴和鼓组成的节奏组来支撑旋律组（旋律组包含小喇叭、伸缩喇叭等铜管乐器、萨克斯风、单簧管等木管乐器，有时也会加入小提琴、吉他等弦乐器。

Trad jazz, short for "traditional jazz", is a form of jazz in the United States and Britain that flourished from the 1930s to 1960s, based on the earlier New Orleans Dixieland jazz style. Prominent English trad jazz musicians such as Chris Barber, Freddy Randall, Acker Bilk, Kenny Ball, Ken Colyer and Monty Sunshine performed a populist repertoire that also included jazz versions of pop songs and nursery rhymes.

Third stream is a music genre that is a fusion of jazz and classical music. The term was coined in 1957 by composer Gunther Schuller in a lecture at Brandeis University.

Vocal jazz or jazz singing is a genre within jazz music where the voice is used as an instrument. Vocal jazz began in the early twentieth century.

West Coast jazz refers to styles of jazz that developed in the American West Coast cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco during the 1950s. West Coast jazz is often seen as a subgenre of cool jazz, which consisted of a calmer style than bebop or hard bop.

成人当代音乐（Adult Contemporary；简称AC）是一种音乐风格，从20世纪60年代的声乐和20世纪70年代的软式摇滚音乐，到以着重于谣曲风格音乐为主流的当今，受到轻音乐、灵魂乐、节奏蓝调和摇滚乐等不同影响。成人当代音乐更像是是轻音乐和软摇滚乐的延续，它流行于20世纪60年代和20世纪70年代，其中有一些反映流行/摇滚乐的变革的调整因素。

Adult hits (sometimes also called variety hits) is a radio format drawing from popular music from the early 1990s to the present.

Alternative pop (also known as alt-pop) is pop music with broad commercial appeal that is made by figures outside the mainstream, or which is considered more original, challenging, or eclectic than traditional pop music. The Independent described alt-pop as "a home-made, personalized imitation of the mainstream that speaks far closer to actual teenage experience", and which is commonly characterized by a dark or downbeat emotional tone with lyrics about insecurity, regret, drugs, and anxiety.

Arabic pop music or Arab pop music is a subgenre of pop music and Arabic music. Arabic pop is mainly produced and originated in Cairo, Egypt; with Beirut, Lebanon, as a secondary center.

艺术流行（英语：Art pop，或拼成art-pop或artpop）是一种定义松散的流行音乐风格，受普普艺术融合高低文化的影响，强调对个人表达的记号、风格和表达的操纵。艺术流行艺人们多受到后现代思想、艺术理论以及其他艺术形式的启发，如时装、美术、电影和前卫文学。

前卫流行（英语：avant-pop）是流行音乐的一种，其具实验性、新颖，与以往的风格截然不同，同时又能直接让听众感受得到。该术语意味着前卫感与流行音乐中现有元素的结合，服务于新颖、独特的艺术构想。

巴洛克流行（英语：Baroque pop）、巴洛克摇滚或英格兰巴洛克是一个流行摇滚的子类型，于1960年代诞生于美国和英国，融合了流行摇滚、古典音乐、管弦乐流行和巴洛克音乐。该流派在1960年代晚期达到巅峰，常规性地创作这种音乐的乐队有：比吉斯、披头士乐队、海滩男孩、滚石乐队、普洛柯哈伦等。

Beach music, also known as Carolina beach music and beach pop, is a regional genre of music in the United States which developed from rock/R&B and pop music of the 1950s and 1960s. Beach music is most closely associated with the style of dance known as the shag, or the Carolina shag, which is also the official state dance of both North Carolina and South Carolina.

Brill Building (also known as Brill Building pop or the Brill Building sound) is a subgenre of pop music that took its name from the Brill Building in New York City, where numerous teams of professional songwriters penned material for girl groups and teen idols during the early 1960s. The term has also become a metonym for the period in which those songwriting teams flourished.

英伦摇滚（英语：Britpop）是1990年代中期兴起于英国的另类摇滚文化运动，强调英国本土文化。音乐上，英伦摇滚通常为明亮、悦耳的另类摇滚，深受1960至1970年代英国吉他流行音乐的影响。

泡泡糖音乐（英语：Bubblegum music，又称泡泡糖流行，英语：Bubblegum pop）是主要面向儿童和青少年的摇滚、流行音乐的音乐流派，形成于20世纪60年代晚期的美国。泡泡糖音乐的节奏轻快、朗朗上口，阿奇乐队（The Archies）的代表作《Sugar, Sugar》就是其中一例，同时也引领卡通摇滚（Cartoon rock）潮流的代表例子，卡通摇滚是周六早间卡通系列中短暂流行的一种潮流，大量采用泡泡糖风格的流行摇滚歌曲。

中文流行音乐（英语：Chinese popular music），又名汉语流行音乐、华语流行音乐，亦可简称为「C-pop」，泛指所有来自中国大陆及香港、澳门、台湾的歌手演唱的中文音乐，有时也包括新加坡、马来西亚、泰国等中文使用人数较多的国家和地区的歌手演唱的中文音乐。中文流行音乐是一个涵盖性术语，除了中文流行音乐，也包括中文节奏蓝调、民谣、摇滚乐、嘻哈音乐和氛围音乐等类型。

粤语流行音乐（英语：Cantopop），又名广东歌，是指歌词以粤语为主的流行音乐，其中来自香港的作品为主要部分，并主导了其发展。

台语流行音乐（英语：Taiwanese Hokkien popular music、Taiwanese pop、Hokkien pop，直译：「台湾闽南语流行音乐、台湾流行音乐、闽南语流行音乐」，简称Tai-pop或T-pop），又名台语歌曲（英语：Taiwanese Hokkien song，直译：「台湾闽南语歌曲」）或台湾民谣（Taiwanese folk），是指出产于台湾并使用台湾话演唱的流行音乐类型。最早起源于日治时期，戒严时代曾因官方的国语政策被压制，至1987年解严后开始复甦，并衍伸出多种表演型态。

华语流行音乐（英语：Mandarin popular music，简称：Mandopop），指现代标准汉语的流行音乐，为中文流行音乐的子类别之一，也是以华语为载体的流行音乐中第一个成形的子类别。起源于二十世纪的上海，目前主要流行于台湾、中华人民共和国（中国大陆、香港、澳门）、马来西亚和新加坡等说汉语的地区。

Canción ("song") is a popular genre of Latin American music, particularly in Cuba, where many of the compositions originate. Its roots lie in Spanish popular song forms, including tiranas, polos and boleros; also in Italian light operetta, French romanza, and the slow waltz.

Literally 'song' in Italian, a canzone (Italian: [kanˈtsoːne]; pl.: canzoni; cognate with English to chant) is an Italian or Provençal song or ballad. It is also used to describe a type of lyric which resembles a madrigal.

Chamber pop (also called baroque pop and sometimes conflated with orchestral pop or symphonic pop) is a music genre that combines rock music with the intricate use of strings, horns, piano, and vocal harmonies, and other components drawn from the orchestral and lounge pop of the 1960s, with an emphasis on melody and texture. During chamber pop's initial emergence in the 1960s, producers such as Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller, Burt Bacharach, Lee Hazlewood.

香颂（法语：chanson，法语发音：[ʃɑ̃sɔ̃]），意为歌曲，源自于拉丁文cantio，源于中世纪的法国，是法国世俗歌曲的泛称，专业的香颂歌手称为香特尔chanteur（男）或香特丝chanteuse（女）。 今天在法国，香颂往往指的是像雅克·布雷尔、艾迪特·皮雅芙等著名歌手的作品，区别于其他法国流行音乐，按照法语的节奏，而不是英语的节奏，因此被认为特别“法国”。

当代基督教音乐（英语：Contemporary Christian music，缩写：CCM；又称当代福音音乐、现代基督教音乐、现代福音音乐、流行基督教音乐和流行福音音乐，中性名字为励志音乐），是现代流行音乐的一种类型，歌词重点在于抒发个人对于基督教信仰的情感。它的形成是由于受1960年代耶稣运动影响的人们开始以比当时教堂流行的赞美诗、福音和南方福音音乐还更现代的音乐风格表达自己。

Classic hits is a radio format which generally includes songs from the top 40 music charts from the 1960s to the mid-2000s, with music from the 1980s serving as the core of the format. Music that was popularized by MTV in the early 1980s and the nostalgia behind it is a major driver to the format.

当代流行音乐类型电台（同时还被称为CHR、当代流行音乐类型、流行表、当前流行音乐类型、流行音乐类型、40强或者流行电台）是一种在美国、巴西、英国、爱尔兰、加拿大、纽西兰、澳洲、菲律宾、新加坡和南非最常见的电台格式，主要是以40强音乐榜单来播放当前和非当前的流行音乐。该电台涉及许多子种类，特别专注于摇滚、流行和城市音乐。

Cringe pop is a broad "genre" of pop music, which is written intentionally to be cringeworthy. It encompasses songs and music videos that are essentially awkward in nature.

Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form during the mid-1950s in the United States and the United Kingdom. The terms popular music and pop music are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many disparate styles.

Easy listening (including mood music) is a popular music genre and radio format that was most popular during the 1950s to the 1970s. It is related to middle of the road (MOR) music and encompasses instrumental recordings of standards, hit songs, non-rock vocals and instrumental covers of selected popular rock songs.

Beautiful music (sometimes abbreviated as BM, B/EZ or BM/EZ for "beautiful music/easy listening") is a mostly instrumental music format that was prominent in North American radio from the late 1950s through the 1980s. Easy listening, elevator music, light music, mood music, and Muzak are other terms that overlap with this format and the style of music that it featured.

Elevator music (also known as Muzak, piped music, or lift music) is a type of background music played in elevators, in rooms where many people come together for reasons other than listening to music, and during telephone calls when placed on hold. Before the emergence of the Internet, such music was often "piped" to businesses and homes through telephone lines, private networks or targeted radio broadcasting (as in the BBC's Music While You Work, where powerful speakers were set up in factories to make the broadcast audible).

Exotica is a musical genre that was popular during the 1950s to mid-1960s with Americans who came of age during World War II. The term was coined by Simon "Si" Waronker of Liberty Records, after the 1957 Martin Denny album Exotica. The Exotica style was largely instrumental and combined American jazz and pop music with influences from Indigenous music of Oceania, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, the Amazon basin, the Andes, the Caribbean and tribal Africa.

Lounge music is a type of easy listening music popular in the 1950s and 1960s. This music is meant to evoke in the listeners an emotion, or the feeling of being in a place with a tranquil theme such as a jungle, an island paradise or outer space.

Middle of the road (also known by its acronym MOR) is a commercial radio format. Music associated with this term is strongly melodic and uses techniques of vocal harmony and light orchestral arrangements.

欧陆流行乐（英语：Europop，也拼作Euro pop）是一种流行音乐风格，起源于20世纪60年代中后期的欧洲，并在20世纪70年代末发展成为如今的形式。欧陆流行乐在20世纪80年代和90年代欢迎程度名列前茅，并在21世纪初得以复兴并受到一定程度的欣赏。

Austropop is pop music from Austria, which came into use in the late 1960s, but had its heyday in the 1970s and early and up until the mid-1980s. Austropop comprises several musical styles, from traditional pop music to rock, and it also sometimes includes traditional folk elements such as yodeling.

French pop music is pop music sung in the French language. It is usually performed by singers from France, Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, or any of the other Francophone areas of the world.

Laïko (Greek: λαϊκό) is a Greek folk-pop music genre. Laiko is a prominent Greek music genre composed in the Greek language, rooted in the traditional folklore and musical heritage of the Greek people which bridges the gap between traditional folk and urban music.

Nederpop (Dutch: [ˈneː.dərˌpɔp] ) or Dutch pop music is pop music made by Dutch bands and artists. The name is a portmanteau on the country's name in Dutch (Nederland) and pop.

Palingsound (; lit.Tooltip literal translation 'European eel sound') is the unique musical sound attributed to a subgenre of Dutch pop music called palingpop ('Eel Pop'). 'Palingsound' is also frequently used as a synonym for the genre palingpop as a whole.

Neomelodic music, or musica neomelodica, sometimes just neomelodico is a musical style originating from the Italian city of Naples. Some performers in the Neomelodic scene have been criticised for glorifying crime in their songs.

Nordic popular music, also referred to as Scandinavian popular music, includes pop and rock music of the Nordic countries. The musical scene is known for its biggest bands like ABBA, Roxette, A-ha, Michael Learns to Rock, Ace of Base, and Aqua.

Russian pop music is Russian language pop music produced in Russia, CIS countries, Baltic states, Central Asia and other foreign countries in which the songs are primarily performed in Russian language, languages of the countries of the CIS, and in the other languages of the world. This is the successor to popular "variety" Soviet music with its pop idols such as Alla Pugacheva or Valery Leontiev.

独立流行（Indie pop）是一种融合了喧闹流行和DIY ethic的音乐类型和次文化。该曲风的形式和基调与主流的流行音乐不同。

Twee pop is a subgenre of indie pop that originally emerged in the United Kingdom during the mid-to late 1980s. The style has been described as "excessively or affectedly quaint, pretty, or sentimental" and initially rose to prominence through the NME's C86 cassette compilation, with AllMusic describing twee as "simplicity and innocence" as well as "boy-girl harmonies, lovelorn lyrics, infectious melodies, and simple, unaffected performances".

Indian pop music, also known as Indi-pop or I-pop, refers to pop music produced in India that is independent from film soundtracks for Indian cinema. Indian pop is closely linked to Indian cinema (Bollywood, Tollywood, Pollywood and Kollywood), Pakistani pop music, and the Asian Underground scene of the United Kingdom.

Iranian pop music or Persian pop music (Persian: موسیقی پاپ ایرانی) refers to pop music originated in Iran, with songs mainly in Persian and other regional Persian dialects of the country and region.

日本流行音乐（英语：Japanese popular music，通称J-pop，风格化为全部大写）在广义上指昭和时代后受西方流行音乐影响而出现的日本歌谣曲，狭义上则指1980年代末期诞生的「J-POP」。此名称由1988年开播的音乐专门电台J-WAVE命名，是当时为定义日本出产的流行音乐而创造出来的和制英语用词，其后在日本被广泛地用来指受西方影响的现代音乐流派，主要包括大众流行、节奏布鲁斯、灵魂乐、摇滚乐、舞曲、嘻哈、流行电音等。

动画歌曲是动画作品的主题曲、片尾曲、插入曲、角色歌曲的总称。整个字词的概念因人而异，并没有明确界定。

叮当流行或噪响流行、喧闹流行（英语：jangle pop），是一种流行摇滚和学院摇滚的子类型，强调“叮当”的吉他声与1960年代风格的流行旋律。这个术语通常用于20世纪70年代末和80年代初从后庞克场景中涌现的乐队，这些乐队经常受到飞鸟乐队等1960年代乐队的影响。

韩国流行音乐（英语：Korean popular music），通称K-pop，是指源自韩国的流行音乐类型，韩国流行音乐是全世界重要的流行音乐市场和共同语言，展现出强大的全球影响力。 韩国流行音乐特征是青少年偶像团体表演的音乐作品，强调视觉吸引力和表演，而听觉上作为一种流行音乐类型，韩国流行音乐的特点是旋律性和文化混合性。

Korean hip-hop, also known as K-hip-hop or K-rap, is a subgenre of the South Korean hip-hop scene. It is widely considered to have originated in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and has since become increasingly popular, both in South Korea and abroad.

韩国摇滚（韩语：한국의 록）起源于美国摇滚，由参加朝鲜战争的美军士兵带入韩国，美军在韩国设有多个基地，当地音乐人通过基地演出接触美国音乐，逐渐形成了早期的摇滚风格。因此，许多被称为“Vocal Bands”或“Group Sounds”的韩国摇滚乐队于1960年代开始其音乐生涯。

T'ong guitar (or tong guitar) was a form of Korean music developed in the early 1970s. It was heavily influenced by American pop music, and artists in the genre were considered Korean versions of American folk singers, such as Joan Baez and Bob Dylan.

韩国演歌或韩国歌谣（韩语：트로트、트롯트或뽕짝；英语：Trot，直译：「小跑、快步、快步走；音译：特罗特」），是韩国的传统流行音乐，被称为是韩国最早期的流行音乐。 韩国演歌据说源于狐步舞（Foxtrot）的音乐，所以它的韩语名称亦取自狐步舞的英语的最后几个音节，而这种舞踏有简单轻快的乐曲。

Latin ballad (Spanish: balada romántica) is a sentimental ballad derived from bolero that originated in the early 1960s in Los Angeles, California and Southern California. Some of the best known artists of the Latin ballad are Julio Iglesias, Mocedades, José Luis Rodriguez, Luis Miguel, Camilo Sesto, Emmanuel, Nino Bravo, Roberto Carlos, Ricardo Montaner, Raphael, Mijares and José José among others.

拉丁流行音乐（英语：Latin pop，西班牙语：Pop latino，葡萄牙语：Pop latino）是一种流行音乐流派，拉丁流行音乐主要由西班牙语演唱（也包含葡萄牙语等拉丁语言），融合了美国风格的音乐制作。

Mexican pop is a music genre produced in Mexico, particularly intended for teenagers and young adults. Mexico is the country that exports the most entertainment in Spanish language.

New pop is a British-centric pop music movement consisting of ambitious, DIY-minded artists who achieved commercial success in the early 1980s, aided by platforms like MTV. Rooted in the post-punk movement of the late 1970s, the movement encompassed a wide variety of styles and artists, including acts such as Orange Juice, the Human League, and ABC. The term "rockist", a pejorative aimed at those who rejected this type of music, became associated with new pop. "New Music" is a similar but slightly more expansive umbrella term referring to pop music and a cultural phenomenon in the US tied to the Second British Invasion.

Oldies is a term for musical genres such as pop music, rock and roll, doo-wop, surf music from the second half of the 20th century, specifically from around the mid-1950s to the late 1960s, as well as for a radio format playing this music. Since 2000, 1970s music has been increasingly included in this genre.

歌剧流行音乐（源自英文「Pop Opera」，简称「Popera」）是流行音乐的一种流派，意指歌手以歌剧形式唱流行音乐。主要流行于欧洲、北美洲。

Orchestral pop is pop music that has been arranged and performed by a symphonic orchestra. It is sometimes used interchangeably with the terms symphonic pop and chamber pop.

The music of the Philippines (Filipino: Musika ng Pilipinas) includes the musical performance arts in the Philippines and the music of Filipinos composed in various local and international genres and styles. Philippine musical compositions are often a mixture of Indigenous styles, and various Asian styles, as well as Spanish/Latin American and American influences through foreign rule from those countries.

Pinoy pop (also known as Philippine pop; an abbreviated form of "Pinoy popular music" or "Philippine popular music"; or P-pop) refers to popular music in the Philippines originating from the OPM genre. With its beginnings in the late 1970s, Pinoy pop is a growing genre in the 2020s.

流行摇滚（英语：Pop rock）是流行乐与摇滚乐的混合音乐，特色是使用平易近人的流行风格、明亮歌词以及吉他为基础的歌曲。流行摇滚有着许多不同的定义，从「乐观的摇滚音乐」到「流行乐的一个分支」。

Pop metal (sometimes conflated with or used interchangeably with glam metal) is an umbrella term for commercial heavy metal and hard rock styles that feature prominent pop music elements such as catchy hooks and anthemic choruses. It became popular in the 1980s among acts such as Bon Jovi, Europe, Def Leppard, Poison, Mötley Crüe, and Ratt.

流行庞克（英语：Pop punk）为现时流行的一种摇滚音乐风格。

Emo pop (alternatively typeset with a hyphen, also known as emo pop-punk and pop-emo) is a fusion genre combining emo with pop-punk, pop music, or both. Emo pop features a musical style with more concise composition and hook-filled choruses.

强力流行又称为力量流行（英语：Power pop）是摇滚一种子风格，受到20世纪60年代英美两国的摇滚音乐影响。其特点包括强旋律、清亮的演唱和突出的吉他带动。

软式摇滚（英语：Soft rock）有时也称为轻摇滚（Light rock）、柔和摇滚（Mellow rock）以及抒情摇滚，是一种音乐流派，20世纪70年代以摇滚的技巧，有时吉他使用民谣摇滚的元素，表现出一种较柔和，低调平滑的流行乐声，80年代后被统称为成人当代音乐。

冲浪音乐（Surf music）是与冲浪文化相关的摇滚乐亚风格，特别在它的发源地加利福尼亚州南部盛行。它特别在1962年到1964年盛行，并分为两种主要形式 。

游艇摇滚（英语：Yacht rock），又被称为西海岸之声（West Coast sound）或成人摇滚（英语：Adult-oriented rock，直译：「成人导向摇滚」），是一种与软摇滚相关联的音乐风格 ，曾经在1970年代中期到1980年代中期的美国风靡一时。而“游艇摇滚”一词则是源自2005年以后互联网自媒体的描述和总结。

Progressive pop is pop music that attempts to break with the genre's standard formula, or an offshoot of the progressive rock genre that was commonly heard on AM radio in the 1970s and 1980s. It was originally termed for the early progressive rock of the 1960s.

Psychedelic pop (or acid pop) is a genre of pop music that contains musical characteristics associated with psychedelic music. Developing in the mid-to-late 1960s, elements included "trippy" features such as fuzz guitars, tape manipulation, backwards recording, sitars, and Beach Boys-style harmonies, wedded to melodic songs with tight song structures.

Rebetiko (Greek: ρεμπέτικο, pronounced [re(m)ˈbetiko]), plural rebetika (ρεμπέτικα [re(m)ˈbetika]), occasionally transliterated as rembetiko or rebetico, is a term used to designate previously disparate kinds of urban Greek music which in the 1930s went through a process of musical syncretism and developed into a more distinctive musical genre. Rebetiko can be described briefly as the urban popular song of the Greeks, especially the poorest, from the late 19th century to the 1950s, and served as the basis for further developments in popular Greek music.

Rhythmic adult contemporary, often abbreviated as rhythmic AC or RAC, is an adult contemporary radio format. The format focuses primarily on rhythmic hits aimed towards an adult audience, often resembling a mixture of the classic hits and hot adult contemporary formats in practice.

Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit.

Rhythmic oldies is a radio format that concentrates on the rhythmic, R&B, disco, or dance genres of music. The playlists spans from the 1960s through the 2000s.

Sapphic pop is a term used to describe a particular subgenre of indie music and bedroom pop typically characterized by the prominence of lyrical themes about queer love between queer (mostly lesbian) women and/or non-binary people historically situated within the sapphic sphere driven and performed by female (often femme) singers-songwriters. The name of the subgenre derives from sapphism.

施拉格音乐（德语：Schlager，德语：[ˈʃlaːɡɐ]，意为「击打」）是一种欧洲流行音乐风格和广播格式，通常以简单、轻松且常带有情感的歌词搭配朗朗上口的器乐伴奏为特征。 施拉格音乐通常是轻快的流行旋律或甜美抒情的民谣，拥有简单易记的旋律。

Space age pop or bachelor pad music is a subgenre of easy listening or lounge music associated with American and Mexican composers, songwriters, and bandleaders in the Space Age of the 1950s and 1960s. It drew on contemporary fascination with technology, outer space, and "exotic" locations, exploiting new audio technology such as stereophonic sound, multitrack recording, and early electronic instruments.

Sunshine pop (originally called soft pop and soft rock) is a loosely defined form of pop music that was first associated with early soft rock producers and songwriters based in Los Angeles, California, during the mid- to late 1960s. Its studio-centric sound was primarily rooted in folk rock and easy listening, typically featuring rich harmony vocals and progressive elements, while lyrics combined idyllic imagery with a subtle awareness of societal change, melancholic undertones, and countercultural themes.

Swamp pop is a music genre indigenous to the Acadiana region of south Louisiana and an adjoining section of southeast Texas. Created in the 1950s by young Cajuns and Creoles, it combines New Orleans–style rhythm and blues, country and western, and traditional French Louisiana musical influences.

青少年流行音乐（英语：Teen Pop）是流行乐的一个子类别，主要面向10岁到18岁市场（即青春期前期和青春期青少年）。 其主要音乐风格包括：流行乐、舞曲、电子音乐、节奏布鲁斯、嘻哈音乐、乡村音乐和摇滚乐。

Traditional pop (also known as pre–rock and roll pop) is a style of Western popular music that generally predates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards.

极速民谣（塞尔维亚语：турбо фолк，罗马化：Turbo-folk，又名涡轮民谣）是起源于塞尔维亚的音乐风格，所以被称为塞尔维亚浪潮。其特点是融合了塞尔维亚民间音乐，现代流行音乐和欧洲舞曲等风格。

The roots of traditional music in Turkey span across centuries to a time when the Seljuk Turks migrated to Anatolia and Persia in the 11th century and contains elements of both Turkic and pre-Turkic influences. Much of its modern popular music can trace its roots to the emergence in the early 1930s drive for Westernization.

Urban adult contemporary, often abbreviated as urban AC or UAC, (also known as adult R&B,) is the name for a format of radio music, similar to an urban contemporary format. Radio stations using this format usually would not have hip hop music on their playlists, and generally include some mix of contemporary R&B and traditional R&B (while urban oldies stations emphasize only the latter).

Urban contemporary music, also known as urban music, urban pop, or just simply urban, is a music radio format. The term was coined by New York radio DJ Frankie Crocker in the early to mid-1970s as a synonym for Black music.

Vispop is a music genre which originated from and became popular in the Scandinavian countries in the mid-1960s. The term is derived from the word visa which denotes traditional and popular folk song of Sweden.

Yé-yé (French: [jeje] ) or yeyé (Spanish: [ɟʝeˈʝe]) was a style of pop music that emerged in Western and Southern Europe in the early 1960s. The French term yé-yé was derived from the English "yeah!

Go-go is a subgenre of funk music with an emphasis on specific rhythmic patterns, and live audience call and response. Go-go was originated by African-American musicians in Washington, D.C., during the mid-1960s to late-1970s.

Deep funk is a subgenre of funk music which features a "hard, lean" sound and emphasis on groove, improvisation, and musicianship over traditional songwriting. The term is also used to describe rare funk recordings sought out by collectors and DJs.

The Minneapolis sound is a subgenre of funk rock that incorporates elements of new wave and synth-pop. Started at Sound 80 with tracks like "Funkytown" by Lipps Inc.

Psychedelic funk (also called P-funk or funkadelia, and sometimes conflated with psychedelic soul) is a music genre that combines funk music with elements of psychedelic rock. It was pioneered in the late 1960s and early 1970s by American acts like Sly and the Family Stone, Jimi Hendrix, and the Parliament-Funkadelic collective.

福音音乐是基督教音乐的一种传统流派，也是基督教媒体的基石之一，其特点是突出的声乐（通常有强烈的和声）和反映基督教教义和价值观的歌词。福音音乐的创作、表演、意义乃至定义都因文化和社会背景而异。

Southern gospel music is a genre of Christian music. Its name comes from its origins in the southeastern United States.

Urban/contemporary gospel, also known as urban gospel music, urban gospel pop, or just simply urban gospel, is a modern subgenre of gospel music. Although the style developed gradually, early forms are generally dated to the 1970s, and the genre was well established by the end of the 1980s.

British rhythm and blues (or R&B) was a musical movement that developed in the United Kingdom between the late 1950s and the early 1960s, and reached a peak in the mid-1960s. It overlapped with, but was distinct from, the broader British beat and more purist British blues scenes, attempting to emulate the music of American blues and rock and roll pioneers, such as Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf, Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley.

RnBass (also spelled as R&Bass, shortening of rhythm and bass) is a music genre that fuses contemporary R&B music with hip hop production style or music genre, known as ratchet music, coined by DJ Mustard.

Christian R&B (also known as gospel R&B, rhythm & praise music, and R&P) is a subgenre of rhythm and blues music consisting of tracks with Christian-based lyrics or by musicians typically known for writing such songs. Music in this genre intends to uplift, entertain, or to give a Christian perspective on a topic.

Latin R&B (also known as Spanish-language R&B) is a style of R&B that originated in Latin America and the United States. It is a musical subgenre of American contemporary R&B and Latin soul that also takes influence from dancehall.

New Orleans rhythm and blues is a style of rhythm and blues that originated in New Orleans. It was a direct precursor to rock and roll and strongly influenced ska.

Blue-eyed soul (also called white soul) is rhythm and blues (R&B) and soul music performed by white artists. The term was coined in the mid-1960s, to describe white artists whose sound was similar to that of the predominantly black Motown and Stax record labels.

British soul, Brit soul, or (in an American context) the British soul invasion, is soul music performed by British artists. Soul has been a major influence on British popular music since the 1960s, and American soul was extremely popular among some youth subcultures, such as mods, skinheads, and the Northern soul movement.

Brown-eyed soul, also referred to as Chicano soul, Hispanic soul, or Latino soul, is soul music & rhythm & blues (R&B) performed in the United States mainly by Hispanic Latinos and Chicanos in Southern California, East Los Angeles, and San Antonio (Texas) during the 1960s, continuing through to the early 1980s. The trend of Latinos started with Latino rock and roll and rock musicians.

Cinematic soul is a genre of soul music with a "cinematic" style, combining traditional rock / soul arrangements with orchestral instruments.

Northern soul is a music and dance movement that emerged in Northern England and the Midlands in the early 1970s. It developed from the British mod scene, based on a particular style of Black American soul music with a heavy beat and fast tempo (100 bpm and above).

Progressive soul (often shortened to prog-soul; also called black prog, black rock, and progressive R&B) is a type of African-American music that uses a progressive approach, particularly in the context of the soul and funk genres. It developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s through the recordings of innovative black musicians who pushed the structural and stylistic boundaries of those genres.

迷幻灵魂乐（英语：Psychedelic soul），最初称为黑色摇滚（Black rock）或与迷幻放克混为一谈，是灵魂乐的一种风格类型，出现于20世纪60年代末的美国。在这种风格中，非裔美国灵魂乐音乐家融合了迷幻摇滚的元素，包括其制作技巧、乐器、哇音和移相等效果器以及药物的影响。

Quiet storm is a radio format and genre of R&B, performed in a smooth, romantic, jazz-influenced style. It was named after the title track of Smokey Robinson's 1975 album A Quiet Storm.

Retro soul, sometimes written as retro-soul, is a contemporary popular music genre that emulates the singing, arrangements and recording techniques of traditional American soul music from the 1950s to the 1970s. This differs from neo-soul and contemporary R&B as it intentionally emphasizes a vintage style.

Smooth soul is a fusion genre of soul music that developed in the early 1970s from soul, funk, and pop music in the United States. The fusion genre experienced mainstream success from the time of its development to the late 1970s, before its succession by disco and quiet storm.

Afro rock is a rock music genre that fuses Western rock instrumentation with traditional African musical elements, which emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

Afro-punk (sometimes spelled Afro Punk, Afropunk or AfroPunk) refers to the participation of black people in punk music and the punk subculture. Black people's participation in punk music has existed since the genre's origins in 1969 with the ska movement of Boss Skinhead Laurel Aitken and his song "Skinhead Train" from 1969.

另类摇滚（英语：Alternative rock），也被称为另类音乐、替代摇滚或替代音乐，简称替代或另类，是摇滚音乐中的一种音乐类别，起源于1970年代的独立音乐地下场景。另类摇滚艺人们在1990年代通过如油渍摇滚（Grunge）子流派在美国，以及英伦摇滚（Britpop）和瞪鞋派（Shoegaze）在英国和爱尔兰取得了主流商业成功。

另类金属（Alternative metal）是一个以另类摇滚为基础混入其他乐风，形成的一种新金属乐，流行于在20世纪90年代初。最值得注意的是，另类金属乐队的特点是不寻常的拍子和一些不常用的技巧，重型音乐沉重的吉他即兴，和传统金属乐相较之下，较少的吉他独奏和实验方法。

新金属（英语：Nu metal）属于重金属音乐中的一个分支。最早起源于90年代。

后英式摇滚（英语：Post-Britpop）是英式另类摇滚下的一种音乐类型。此类型的音乐在英伦摇滚没落后崛起，并成为21世纪的主流音乐之一。

College rock is rock music played on student-run university and college campus radio stations located in the United States and Canada in the 1980s and 1990s. The stations' playlists were often created by students who avoided the mainstream rock played on commercial radio stations.

Crank wave (also known as post-Brexit new wave, wonk and Windmill indie) is a music scene and style of post-punk that emerged in the 2010s. The term "crank wave" was coined in September 2019 by writer Mark Beaumont in an article for NME. He had previously coined the term "gristle rock" to describe the South London post-punk scene, which was spearheaded by the band Fat White Family.

Dark cabaret is a music genre that draws on the aesthetics of burlesque, vaudeville and Weimar-era cabaret, generally played by groups with origins in rock music. The genre traces its roots to 1930s Weimar Republic experimental cabaret of Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill, and their influence upon 1960s rock bands including the Doors.

Dolewave is an Australian music genre that emerged in the early 2010s. Initially used online as an in-joke to describe an indie scene in Melbourne involving Twerps, Dick Diver and other groups, the term has since been applied by music critics to a wider range of Australian acts that share a DIY ethic and a "peculiarly and recognisably Australasian sound", such as Courtney Barnett and Rolling Blackouts Coastal Fever.

梦幻流行（英语：Dream pop）是另类摇滚和新迷幻的一种音乐分支风格。虽然对梦幻流行的影响可以追溯到20世纪40年代，现代梦幻流行起源于20世纪80年代中期的英国，但是这一词大多专指于美国。

瞪鞋摇滚（又称盯鞋摇滚、鞋摇滚、低摇滚、自赏摇滚；英语：Shoegazing，简称Shoegaze），是一种另类摇滚支派，出现于1980年代晚期的英国，并于1990年及1991年达到颠峰。英国音乐刊物——特别《NME》与《Melody Maker》——将此风格命名为「瞪鞋摇滚」，是因为这些乐团在现场演出时经常站着不动，全神贯注于在地上的效果器，貌似盯着他们的鞋子一样。

Blackgaze is a fusion genre combining elements of black metal and shoegaze. The word is a blend of the names of the two genres, described by The Guardian as "the buzz term for a new school of bands taking black metal out of the shadows and melding its blast beats, dungeon wailing and razorwire guitars with the more reflective melodies of post-rock, shoegaze and post-hardcore." According to Exclaim!, blackgaze "marries the harsh, alien instrumentation of black metal with the mellower, dreamy soundscapes of shoegaze." Influenced by atmospheric black metal bands like Ulver and Summoning, the genre was pioneered by French musician Neige around 2005 through the projects Alcest and Amesoeurs and has risen to prominence with the success of American group Deafheaven.

Grungegaze (also known as dreamo) is a subgenre of rock music that grew out of soft grunge. It is characterized by shoegaze's use of effects units, emo-inspired melodies and grunge's dynamic songwriting, using both soft reverb-heavy guitars during verses and crescendos of fuzz during choruses.

Shitgaze is a microgenre of rock music and scene coined in 2005 by Kevin DeBroux of Pink Reason to describe the music of Midwestern rock band Psychedelic Horseshit from Columbus, Ohio. Lead singer Matt Whitehurst added the term to the band's Myspace page, where it became the tag for a "Columbus-centric genre".

Zoomergaze is a loosely-defined style of electronic music and nu-gaze characterized by Generation Z musicians experimenting with the boundaries of shoegaze. The genre is a merger of shoegaze with internet music styles such as digicore and hyperpop.

Geek rock (also known as nerd rock) is a subgenre of alternative rock that draws influences from indie rock, college rock and nerd music. Characterized by traditional rock instrumentation combined with synthesizers, unusual instruments and song structures, as well as lyrical references to geek culture and specialized yet mundane interests, whimsy, and offbeat humor in general.

Wizard rock (or Wrock) is a type of novelty rock music and filk music themed around the Harry Potter franchise. The music was largely prevalent in the United States in the early 2000s.

Grebo (or grebo rock) was a short-lived subculture and broadly defined subgenre of indie rock centred around the English Midlands, particularly Stourbridge and Leicester. Musically, the genre incorporated elements of electronic, punk rock, folk and hip hop music into indie rock.

油渍摇滚，又译垃圾摇滚、颓废摇滚（英语：Grunge，亦被称Seattle sound、西雅图之声），是一种隶属于另类摇滚的音乐流派与亚文化类别，起源于1980年代中期美国西岸的华盛顿州，特别是西雅图一带。早期的油渍摇滚运动是围绕着西雅图独立唱片厂牌Sub Pop（地下流行）与该地区的地下音乐场景而展开的。

Bubblegrunge is a fusion microgenre that combines elements of grunge and pop music. The genre's name is a portmanteau of the terms "bubblegum music" and "grunge".

后油渍摇滚（英语：Post-grunge）是另类摇滚和硬式摇滚的子类型，作为油渍摇滚的派生品出现在1990年代，采用了油渍摇滚的音响效果、美学观念，但是却使用了一种更能够为公众所接受的音调。这使得喷火战机乐队、五分钱合唱团、Creed和火柴盒二十等后油渍摇滚乐队在1990年代和2000年代商业上大获成功。

Soft grunge (or emo grunge) is a rock music subgenre that combines emo with 1990s alternative rock styles, particularly grunge, noise rock and alternative metal. Deriving its name from its popularity on Tumblr's soft grunge communities, the genre emerged as a part of the fourth-wave of emo, pioneered by Philadelphia bands Balance and Composure, Title Fight and Superheaven.

独立摇滚（Independent rock，通称Indie rock），也称硬地摇滚，是由摇滚乐发展出来的音乐类型，起源于1980年代的英国和美国。独立摇滚最早用来形容独立厂牌所制作的摇滚乐。

Blog rock (also known as blog indie) is a loosely defined style and era of indie rock that originally emerged from the online musical blogosphere in the mid-to late 2000s. Similarly to other early blog-related music scenes such as bloghouse and blog rap.

The Dunedin sound was a musical and cultural movement in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand, in the early 1980s. It helped found indie rock as a genre.

Emo（有译作情绪摇滚或情感硬核）是硬蕊庞克乐的一个子类别。1980年代中期在华盛顿特区举行的硬核庞克运动中，它成为后硬核的风格，在当时被称为情感硬核或emocore，由Rites of Spring和Embrace等乐团所开创。

The emo revival, or fourth wave emo, was an underground emo movement which began in the late 2000s and flourished until the mid-2010s. The movement began towards the end of the 2000s third-wave emo, with Pennsylvania-based groups such as Tigers Jaw, Algernon Cadwallader and Snowing eschewing that era's mainstream sensibilities in favor of influence from 1990s Midwest emo (i.e., second wave emo).

Midwest emo (or Midwestern emo) is a subgenre and scene of emo music that emerged in the Midwestern United States during the 1990s. Employing unconventional vocal stylings, distinct guitar riffs and arpeggiated melodies, Midwest emo bands shifted away from the genre's hardcore punk roots and drew on indie rock and math rock approaches.

Screamo（为了与Emo区分而有译作嚎叫情绪）是一种硬蕊庞克（Hardcore punk）的子类型，大多承袭于Emo这种音乐类型，与其他在1990年代的音乐。「Screamo」这个词源先是用在1991年发展于美国圣地牙哥一些比较激进的Emo乐团，他们利用曲长较短的创作，结合抽搐般的强度来刻意实验出不和谐与力度变化。

Sass (), or white belt hardcore, is a broadly-defined subgenre of post-hardcore that merges screamo with elements of dance-punk and post-punk. Characterized by erratic stage performances, flamboyant mannerisms, homoerotic lyrical content, dance beats and lisping vocals, the genre was pioneered during the late 1990s.

Incelcore is an Internet microgenre of rock music and online subculture that emerged in 2019 with the release of the compilation album MSG Vol. 1.

Kindie rock, kindie or family music is a style of children's music that "melds the sensibility of the singer-songwriter with themes aimed at kids under 10." Many popular kindie rock artists first gained fame as adult performers, including Dan Zanes and They Might Be Giants. The term was coined by Salon.com writer Scott Lamb in 2006, and has gained in popularity since.

Landfill indie (also known as indie landfill or The Deleted Years) is a loosely defined trend in British indie rock and pop rock. The term was first coined as a pejorative label by music journalist Andrew Harrison in 2007, where he used it to disparagingly describe the proliferation of formulaic and uninspired British guitar bands dominating the mid-2000s music scene.

数学摇滚或数字摇滚（英语：Math-rock）是一类实验性的摇滚曲风，于1980年代后期萌芽于美国。 数学摇滚曲风大多混合噪音摇滚（noise rock）、后摇滚（post rock）、前卫摇滚（progressive rock）、简约音乐（minimal music）、电子音乐（electronic music）等。

Post-punk revival (also known as indie rock revival or garage rock revival) is a musical scene and movement that emerged in the early 2000s. Originating as a stripped-down and back-to-basics version of guitar rock inspired by the original sounds and aesthetics of post-punk, new wave and garage rock, the movement became closely associated with the new wave revival and garage rock revival.

Slacker rock (originally known as lo-fi or lo-fi indie) is a subgenre of indie rock that emerged in the United States during the late 1980s to early 1990s. Characterized by a rejection (or minimization) of technical proficiency and production quality, in favor of stripped down lo-fi aesthetics and an apathetic singing style, the style was originally associated with Generation X slacker culture.

SoundCloud indie (also known as BandLab rock) is a style of indie rock that emerged in the early 2020s. The genre is defined as a form of indie and alternative rock emerging from the SoundCloud rap underground scene while primarily distributed on the online streaming service SoundCloud.

Iranian alternative rock is a subgenre of Iranian rock. This style was inspired by the alternative rock works of American musicians.

Latin alternative, or "alterlatino", or "Patchanka", is a brand of Latin rock music produced by combining genres like alternative rock, lofi, chillout, metal, electronica, hip hop, new wave, pop rock, punk rock, reggae, and ska with traditional Ibero-American sounds, in Latin Europeans and Latin Americans countries (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French and Catalan languages).

疯彻斯特（英语：Madchester），也译曼彻斯特疯潮，是1980年代末期在英国曼彻斯特兴起的一个音乐和文化场景，与另类舞曲运动紧密相关。独立舞曲（也称作独立锐舞）将独立摇滚与酸浩室、迷幻音乐和1960年代流行乐混合在一起。

Mangue bit, commonly known as mangue beat or manguebeat, is a social and art movement with origins in the northeastern Brazilian city of Recife, Pernambuco, around 1991, in reaction to the economic and cultural stagnation of the capital. Even though the movement has a strong focus on music, it also spans fashion, slang and visual art.

The new wave of new wave (often abbreviated as NWONW) was a British alternative rock scene in the early 1990s. Bands in the scene were influenced by punk rock and new wave acts such as the Clash, Blondie, and Buzzcocks.

Noise pop is a subgenre of alternative and indie rock that emerged in the mid-1980s in the United Kingdom, originally pioneered by the Jesus and Mary Chain on their debut album Psychocandy. Noise pop later influenced the development of shoegaze.

Slowcore, also known as sadcore, is a subgenre of indie rock characterised by subdued tempos, minimalist instrumentation, and calm, sombre vocal performances. The genre began in the 1980s and 1990s, with several bands forming in reaction to the abrasive sounds of grunge.

Arena rock (also known as stadium rock, pomp rock or corporate rock) is a style of rock music that became mainstream in the 1970s. It typically involves radio-friendly rock music that was designed to be played for large audiences.

节拍音乐（英语：Beat Music）、英国节拍乐（英语：British Beat）或默西节拍（英语：Merseybeat）（特指来自默西河畔的利物浦和曼彻斯特的乐队）是一种属于流行乐和摇滚乐的音乐流派，形成于1960年代早期的英国。节拍音乐是摇滚（rock and roll）、嘟-喔普、噪音爵士乐和节奏布鲁斯这几种类型的融合。

Freakbeat is a subgenre of rock music retrospectively applied to hard-edged mod music centred on Swinging London in the mid-to-late 1960s, characterised by a raw, intense, energetic and experimental sound bridging the rhythm and blues and beat music of the British Invasion with early psychedelia. The term was coined by English music journalist Phil Smee in 1984.

Italian beat (Italian: beat italiano) is the Italian form of beat music (Italian: musica beat), circa 1963 to 1968, inspired mainly by British popular music of the 1960s.

Nederbeat (also: Nederbiet) is a genre of rock music that began with the Dutch rock boom in the mid-1960s influenced by British beat groups and rock bands such as the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Among the best-known Nederbeat groups are the Golden Earring, The Motions, The Outsiders and Shocking Blue.

Boogie rock is a style of blues rock music that developed in the late 1960s. Its key feature is a repetitive driving rhythm, which emphasizes the groove.

Brazilian rock refers to rock music produced in Brazil and usually sung in Portuguese. In the 1960s, it was known as iê-iê-iê, the Portuguese transcription of the line "Yeah, yeah, yeah" from the Beatles song "She Loves You".

Samba rock (also known as samba soul or confused with samba funk and sambalanço) is a Brazilian dance culture and music genre that fuses samba with rock, soul, and funk. It emerged from the dance parties of São Paulo's lower-class black communities after they had been exposed to rock and roll and African-American music in the late 1950s.

基督教摇滚（Christian rock）是摇滚乐的一个分支，歌曲歌词通常聚焦于基督教信仰，内容常涉及耶稣和其他基督教主题。演奏此类音乐的艺术家通常为基督徒。

Christian alternative rock is a form of alternative rock music that is lyrically grounded in a Christian worldview. Some critics have suggested that unlike CCM and older Christian rock, Christian alternative rock generally emphasizes musical style over lyrical content as a defining genre characteristic, though the degree to which the faith appears in the music varies from artist to artist.

Christian ska is a form of Christian alternative rock, and subgenre of ska and ska punk which is lyrically oriented toward contemporary Christian music. Though ska did not constitute a genre within the Christian music industry until after third wave ska had peaked in the general market, Christian ska continued to thrive independently into the early 2000s.

白金属（英语： White metal、unBlack metal、Christian metal、Gospel heavy metal）存在于所有重金属音乐分支流派之中。白金属其共同性质以及与其他重金属派系最大区分为，会在歌词中使用大量的宣扬基督教精神或劝人积极向上，充满正面能量的歌词。

Christian death metal or life metal is a subgenre that blends death metal music with Christian metal. It is defined by death metal’s musical style combined with Christian-themed lyrics, performed by bands whose members identify as Christians.

Unblack metal (also known as Unblackened metal, Christian black metal or White metal) is a religious philosophy and subgenre within black metal, inheriting several characteristics of it, such as the melody, the lyrics and the aesthetics (corpse paint), whose artists either directly oppose the Satanism prevalent in most black metal, or promote Christianity in their lyrics and imagery. Unblack metal artists are controversial within the black metal subculture, because black metal's pioneers, especially those of the Second Wave, were anti-Christian.

Christian punk is a form of Christian music and a subgenre of punk rock which contain Christian lyrical content. Much disagreement persists about the boundaries of the subgenre, and the extent that their lyrics are explicitly Christian varies among bands.

Christian hardcore or Christcore is a subcategory of hardcore punk and metalcore bands which promote Christian belief.

Classic rock (also known as dad rock) is a radio format that developed from the album-oriented rock (AOR) format in the early-mid 1980s. In the United States, it comprises rock music ranging generally from the early-1960s to mid-1990s, primarily focusing on commercially successful blues rock and hard rock popularized in the 1970s–1980s AOR format.

New wave of classic rock, also known as classic rock revival, is a style of rock music that is meant to emulate the sound of earlier rock acts, particularly those of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

Comedy rock is a genre of rock music that is comedic in nature. It is often mixed with satire or irony.

死亡摇滚（英语：Deathrock）是朋克摇滚的一种子类型，将恐怖元素、阴暗哥特式的舞台效果融合在了一起。它最初出现在1980年代早期的美国西岸，与哥德摇滚有关。

Experimental rock (originally known as avant-garde rock or avant-rock) is a subgenre of rock music that emerged in the 1960s. The genre emphasizes innovation over commercial appeal, incorporating influences and ideas lifted from avant-garde music through traditional rock music instrumentation.

艺术摇滚（英语：Art rock）是摇滚乐的一个子流派，于1960年代在艺术音乐（先锋派音乐和古典音乐）的影响下形成。根据《韦氏词典》，该名称于1968年第一次被使用。

艺术朋克是朋克摇滚中的一个类别。 艺术朋克的成员大多来自艺术院校。

先锋金属（英语：Avant-garde metal），也称实验金属或艺术金属，是重金属音乐的一个次分类，特色在于使用创新、先锋派的元素、大量的实验，以及使用不标准的音效、乐器和歌曲结构。最早的先锋金属乐团有蛮夷寒霜（Celtic Frost）和Master's Hammer。

Drone metal or drone doom is a style of heavy metal that melds the slow tempos and heaviness of doom metal with the long-duration tones of drone music. Drone metal is sometimes associated with post-metal or experimental metal.

后庞克（英语：Post-punk，最初称为New musick，直译：新音乐）源自20世纪70年代的摇滚音乐，是1977年末随着朋克摇滚而兴起的一种广泛的音乐流派。后朋克音乐家们背离了朋克的基本元素和原始的简约风格，转而采取了一种更广泛、更具实验性的方法，融合了各种前卫情感和非摇滚的影响。

哥德摇滚（英语：gothic rock或goth rock），是自1970年代晚期开始出现的摇滚乐类型。原本是指少数庞克摇滚或后庞克乐团的标签，而后在1980年代早期哥德一词（goth）开始成为某中分隔运动的定义。

哥德金属（英语：Gothic metal）是重金属音乐分支，融合了哥德摇滚的黑暗抑郁与重金属的侵略性。哥德金属诞生于20世纪90年代初的欧洲，由死亡厄运金属发展而来。

Pagan rock is a genre of rock music created by neopagans and which contains themes of neopagan beliefs and traditions. It can also be used to describe bands which are not strictly pagan but are favoured by modern pagans.

No wave was an avant-garde music and visual art scene that emerged in the late 1970s in Downtown New York City. The term was coined as a rejection of commercial new wave music.

噪音摇滚（Noise rock）（也有做Noise punk，译作噪音庞克）) ，被认为是后庞克的一个风格，并成为1980年代的音乐先锋。噪音摇滚使用传统乐器与摇滚乐的方式诠释，但同时加入无调音乐要素，尤其是频繁地使用不和谐音及非功能和声，屏弃了常见的编曲习惯。

Post-metal is a music genre rooted in heavy metal but exploring approaches beyond metal conventions. It emerged in the 1990s with bands such as Neurosis and Godflesh, who transformed metal texture through experimental composition.

Sufi rock or Sufi folk rock is a subgenre of rock music that combines rock with classical Islamic Sufi music traditions. It emerged in the early 1990s and became widely popular in the late 1990s in Pakistan and Turkey.

Trønder rock (Norwegian: trønderrock) is a music and cultural scene developed in the Trøndelag region of Norway in the early 1970s, in which bands and artists merged folk rock inspired rock and roll with cultural characteristics. The term was coined by journalist Bertil Lien in 1972, and has been described by Professor of Music Studies Ole Kai Ledang as "rock music with trøndersk tone" (Norwegian: "rockemusikk med trøndersk tonefall").

Funk rock is a fusion genre that mixes elements of funk and rock. James Brown and others declared that Little Richard and his mid-1950s road band, the Upsetters, were the first to put the funk in the rock and roll beat, with a biographer stating that their music "spark[ed] the musical transition from fifties rock and roll to sixties funk".

Funk metal (also known as thrash-funk) is a subgenre of funk rock and alternative metal that infuses heavy metal music (often thrash metal) with elements of funk and punk rock. Funk metal was part of the alternative metal movement, and has been described as a "brief but extremely media-hyped stylistic fad".

Punk funk (also hyphenated as punk-funk) is a music fusion genre that typically combine punk rock and funk influences. It gave way to and is closely associated with dance-punk, avant-funk, and funk metal, all of which are also alternatively described as punk funk.

车库摇滚（Garage rock）是早期摇滚乐的一种风格。指一种创作未经太多的加工或是修饰、充满激情和活力的摇滚乐，简单粗糙却更显纯粹。

Garage punk is a rock music genre combining the influences of garage rock, punk rock, and often other genres; the genre took shape in the indie rock underground between the late 1980s and early 1990s. Bands drew heavily from 1960s garage rock, stripped-down 1970s punk rock, and Detroit proto-punk; it also often incorporated numerous other styles into their approach, such as power pop, 1960s girl groups, hardcore punk, blues, early R&B and surf rock.

Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

华丽摇滚（英语：Glam Rock）或魅力摇滚，也称为闪烁摇滚（Glitter Rock），是20世纪70年代初，英国发展起来的一种摇滚乐和流行音乐风格，由音乐家演出，他们穿着华丽的服装，艳丽的化妆和发型，特别是高跟舞台鞋和闪光颗粒与亮片。华丽摇滚特点是主唱及乐手都拥有性别模糊的装扮、华丽戏剧化的台风。

Glam metal is a subgenre of heavy metal that features pop-influenced hooks and guitar riffs, upbeat rock anthems, and slow power ballads. It borrows heavily from the fashion and image of 1970s glam rock.

Glam punk is a subgenre of rock music that began in the early to mid-1970s and incorporates elements of proto-punk and glam rock. The genre was pioneered by the New York Dolls, who influenced the formation of other New York City groups the Stilettos, the Brats and Ruby and the Rednecks and bands in the United Kingdom including the Hollywood Brats and Jet.

硬式摇滚（英语：hard rock）也称为硬摇滚，或称为重摇滚（英语：heavy rock），是一种摇滚乐流派，发源于1960年代的蓝调摇滚、车库摇滚与迷幻摇滚，比以往的摇滚乐更为猛烈。硬式摇滚主要使用大量回馈效果的音箱，加上产生失真的吉他效果器，其中电吉他加上娃娃音和其他音效的效果器，电贝斯也是可以，鼓组及键盘乐器（钢琴、电子琴、魔音琴）等乐器。

Cock rock is a music genre and description of rock music that emphasizes an aggressive form of male sexuality. The style developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and continues into the present day.

Heartland rock is a genre of rock music characterized by a straightforward, often roots musical style, often with a focus on blue-collar workers, and a conviction that rock music has a social or communal purpose beyond just entertainment. The genre is exemplified by singer-songwriters Tom Petty, Bob Seger, Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, Michael Stanley, and John Mellencamp and country music artists, including Steve Earle and Joe Ely.

重金属音乐（英语：Heavy metal music）通常简称为金属乐（Metal），是摇滚乐的一个子流派，泛指所有具有金属音乐特点的音乐风格。重金属音乐兴起于1960年代末期的英国和美国。

Biker metal (also known as biker punk) is a fusion genre that combines elements of punk rock, heavy metal, rock and roll and blues, that was pioneered in the late-1970s to early-1980s in England and the United States, by Motörhead, Plasmatics, Anti-Nowhere League and Girlschool.

黑金属（英语：Black metal）是在重金属音乐中一个分支流派。黑金属的曲风特色总体来说，运用尖叫式的黑腔、高度失真的吉他音色、猛烈却阴沉的双大鼓、快速行进的节奏和旋律，给人冷冽、黑暗、带有绝望的感受。

国家社会主义黑金属（National Socialist black metal，缩写NSBM）是黑金属音乐场景中的一个政治运动和次流派，宣扬新纳粹主义、新法西斯主义和白人至上主义意识形态。NSBM艺术家通常将新纳粹主义的意象和意识形态与欧洲族裔的异教、撒旦教或纳粹神秘主义相结合，并从种族主义角度强烈反对基督教、伊斯兰教和犹太教。

交响黑金属是黑金属的一个分支流派，产生于20世纪90年代中后期。 该流派因其所包含的交响和管弦元素而闻名，该类乐团主要集中在欧洲。

死亡金属（英语：Death Metal）是重金属音乐中的一种极限金属乐派。其以早期的「黑金属」与「鞭击金属」为背景开始演化而成（主要是受鞭击金属中的Slayer乐团影响）。

Blackened death metal (also known as black death metal) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that fuses elements of black metal and death metal. The genre emerged in early 1990s when black metal bands began incorporating elements of death metal and vice versa.

Brutal death metal is a subgenre of death metal that privileges heaviness, speed and complex rhythms over other aspects, such as melody and timbres. The genre was pioneered in the early 1990s by Suffocation and other groups from New York including Mortician, Skinless and Malignancy.

Deathgrind (sometimes written as death-grind or death/grind) is a shorthand term that is used to describe bands who play a fusion of death metal and grindcore. Zero Tolerance described deathgrind as "grindcore and brutal death metal colliding head on." Dan Lilker described deathgrind as "combining the technicality of death metal with the intensity of grindcore." Paul Schwarz in a 2006 Terrorizer article explained the origin of the term as arising from specialist catalogs and zines within the extreme metal scene in the 1990s: "Like death/thrash and death/black, the name death/grind undoubtedly stems from the importance of specialist mail order catalogues and their related 'zine scenes in proliferating extreme metal music to an audience whose tastes, as the '90s progressed, increasingly crossed over the traditional line between death metal and grindcore - that of lyrical content.

Death 'n' roll (portmanteau of death metal and rock 'n' roll) is a subgenre of death metal music that incorporates hard rock-inspired elements. The achieved effect is that of death metal's trademark combination of growled vocals and highly distorted detuned guitar riffing with elements reminiscent of 1970s hard rock and heavy metal.

旋律死亡金属（Melodic Death Metal） 被认为是一种从死亡金属分支出来的乐风。此类音乐含大量有旋律吉它复式和单独演奏，有时是木吉他，亦有时以清晰的唱法取代惯性用的传统低沉咆哮声线（俗称「死腔」），有时亦会加入女声。

Technical death metal (also known as tech death) is a musical subgenre of death metal with particular focus on instrumental skill and complex songwriting. Technical and progressive experimentation in death metal began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, largely driven by four bands that, according to Allmusic, are "technical death metal's Big Four" – Death, Pestilence, Atheist, and Cynic.

末日金属（英语：Doom Metal），又称毁灭金属、厄运金属，是一种曲速非常缓慢的重金属音乐，不管是歌词、唱腔、吉他即兴的展现上，都给人异常沉重绝望的氛围。

Death-doom (also known as death-doom metal or doom-death) is a fusion genre of death metal and doom metal. It combines the slow tempos and pessimistic or depressive mood of doom metal with the deep growling vocals and double-kick drumming of death metal.

Funeral doom is a subgenre of death-doom with heavy influence from funeral dirge music. Low-tuned guitars, death growls, instruments that emulate pipe organ sounds and ponderous pace are typical traits of this style.

极端金属（英语：Extreme metal），又译为极限金属，是一个重金属音乐的概括性分类，可指代1980年代早期开始发展的一系列互相关联的重金属类型音乐。它被定义为“一组视觉、听觉、语言入侵的金属音乐子类型”。

金属蕊（Metalcore）是一个金属乐的子类型，结合了极端金属与硬蕊庞克。金属蕊这个词大约是在1990年代中期出现，由极端金属的「金属」与硬蕊的「蕊」组成，而这些类型乐团有Earth Crisis、Deadguy、Integrity。

新古典金属（英语：Neo-classical metal）是重金属音乐的一种分支，在音乐风格、演奏及编曲上受到西洋古典音乐的极大影响。音乐中常有高技术性的演奏，或是加入知名古典音乐的桥段或元素。

力量金属（Power Metal）为重金属音乐的一种分支。力量金属可再分为美国派别和欧洲派别。

Since the dawn of rock music in the 1950s and continuing through the 1960s, various artists pushed the boundaries of the genre to emphasize speed, aggression, volume, theatricality and other elements that became staples of the heavy metal style. In the late 1960s, this experimentation coalesced into various rock subgenres like hard rock, acid rock, psychedelic rock, power pop, shock rock, boogie rock, garage rock, blues rock, and rockabilly.

Sludge metal (also known as sludge doom or simply sludge) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that combines elements of doom metal and hardcore punk. The genre generally includes slow tempos, down-tuned guitars and nihilistic lyrics discussing poverty, drug addiction and pollution.

速度金属（Speed metal）是属于重金属音乐之一分支，它最早可以追溯到1980年代初。Allmusic资料库称速度金属特点为“极其地迅速、具研磨性、而且对技术有很高的要求”，并且认为速度金属在诞生后逐渐降慢速度，而演化为鞭挞金属。

交响金属（Symphonic Metal），亦称剧院金属（Opera Metal）是哥德金属和力量金属演化出来的另一个支流。交响金属往往以歌剧女高音作为主音，当然有时亦会采用低沉的男声作主音。

80年代初将重金属吉他技法与硬核朋克的速度、攻击性结合。

Crossover thrash (often abbreviated to crossover) is a fusion genre of thrash metal and hardcore punk. The genre emerged in the mid-1980s, when hardcore punk bands, such as Suicidal Tendencies, Cryptic Slaughter, Corrosion of Conformity and Dirty Rotten Imbeciles, began to incorporate the influence of thrash metal.

Groove metal (also known as neo-thrash or post-thrash) is a subgenre of heavy metal music that began in the early 1990s. The genre is primarily derived from thrash metal, but played in slower tempos, and making use of rhythmic guitar parts.

Iranian rock (also known as Rocka red) refers to rock music produced by Iranian artists. Rock music has been popular in Iran since the 1960s, with the emergence of singers such as Kourosh Yaghmaei, Farhad Mehrad, Fereydoon Foroughi and Habib Mohebian, but was largely forgotten after the Iranian Revolution.

器乐摇滚（英语：Instrumental rock）是一类强调乐器演奏而无歌唱（或少许）的摇滚乐。器乐摇滚的例子几乎可以在摇滚的每个子类型中找到，通常来自专注于器乐演奏风格的音乐家们。

日本摇滚乐（日语：日本のロック，罗马化：Nihon no Rokku），又称为J-ROCK、邦乐摇滚（日语：邦楽ロック，罗马化：Hougaku Rokku），是有日本本土特色的摇滚乐。日本摇滚乐初期由1960年代的美系和英系摇滚衍生，产生Group Sounds这一类别，其歌词几乎为英文。

卡哇伊金属（日语：可爱いメタル，罗马化：Kawaii metaru），在一些英语为母语的国家也称为可爱金属（Cute metal），是一种新产生的重金属音乐流派，起源于2010年出道的日本团体BABYMETAL，特点是融合了重金属音乐及J-pop、偶像风格。

Latin rock is a term to describe a subgenre blending traditional sounds and elements of Latin American and Hispanic Caribbean folk with rock music. However, it is widely used in the English-language media to refer any kind of rock music featuring Spanish or Portuguese vocals.

Chicano rock, also called Chicano fusion, is rock music performed by Mexican American (Chicano) groups or music with themes derived from Chicano culture. Chicano rock combines multiple music styles instead of one distinct sound.

Latin metal (Spanish: metal latino, Portuguese: metal latino-americano) is a subgenre of heavy metal music with Latin origins, influences, and instrumentation, such as Spanish or Portuguese vocals, Latin percussion and rhythm such as salsa rhythm. Some South American bands also add influences and instrumentations borrowed from world music and ethnic music, relating to musical traditions of the indigenous people of America.

Latino punk is punk music created by Latino people in Latin America and the United States. The angst and protest qualities of punk music and style have had a strong appeal to Latino youth in the U.S., and to the people in Latin America.

Rock en español (Spanish for 'Spanish-language rock') is a term used to refer to any kind of rock music featuring Spanish vocals. Compared to English-speaking bands, very few acts reached worldwide success or between Spanish-speaking countries due to a lack of promotion.

Modern rock is an umbrella term used to describe rock music that is found on college and commercial rock radio stations. Some radio stations use this term to distinguish themselves from classic rock, which is based in 1960s–1980s rock music.

The mod revival is a subculture that started emulating the aesthetic of the sixties Mod culture in the late 1970s. Beginning in the United Kingdom, it later spread to other countries.

Two-tone, or 2 tone, also known as ska revival, is a genre of British popular music of the late 1970s and early 1980s that fused traditional Jamaican ska, rocksteady, and reggae music with elements of punk rock and new wave music. Its name derives from 2 Tone Records, a record label founded in 1979 by Jerry Dammers of the Specials, and references a desire to transcend and defuse racial tensions in Thatcher-era Britain: many two-tone groups, such as the Specials, the Selecter and the Beat, featured a mix of black, white, and multiracial people.

Occult rock (also known as doom rock or witch rock) is a subgenre of rock music that originated in the late 1960s to early 1970s, pioneered by bands such as Coven and Black Widow. The genre is influenced by hard rock, proto-metal, psychedelic rock, progressive rock and blues, as well as commonly incorporating lyrics referencing the occult with influences from classic horror movies to books by Dennis Wheatley.

Cello rock is a subgenre of rock music characterized by the use of cellos (as well as other bowed string instruments such as the violin and viola) as primary instruments, alongside or in place of more traditional rock instruments such as electric guitars, electric bass guitars, and drum sets. Cellos, often in groups of three or more, are used to create a sound, rhythm, and texture similar to that of familiar rock music, but distinctly reshaped by the unique timbres and more traditional genres of the cello (in particular) and other string instruments used.

前卫摇滚（英语：Progressive rock），简称为「prog rock」，有时被称为艺术摇滚、古典摇滚或交响摇滚，是在1960年代晚期兴起的摇滚乐分支之一，它的内涵十分复杂并且吸纳众多其他乐派精神，因此并不能明确地定义出其精确范围。前卫摇滚最热门的巅峰时期是在1970年代早期，并继续流传至今日。

坎特柏里之声(Canterbury Scene or Canterbury Sound)是一个泛称的分类，用来代表在1960年代晚期至1970年代在英国肯特郡坎特柏里叠次兴起的前卫摇滚音乐家们。

Flamenco rock or Andalusian rock is a rock music fusion genre that emerged from (but is not limited to) the Spanish region of Andalusia throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. There were some precedents like a couple of albums (Rock Encounter and The Soul of Flamenco and the Essence of Rock) by Sabicas, a handful of singles by Smash, Gong, Galaxia, Flamenco or even the American-British band Carmen.

New musick is a loosely defined style of music and series of articles published in the late 1970s by the British magazine Sounds. New musick was originally coined after a meeting organized by Sounds editor Alan Lewis involving music journalists Jane Suck, Sandy Robertson and Jon Savage in October 1977.

新前卫摇滚，通常简称为新前卫，是一种起源于20世纪80年代初的摇滚乐分支流派。该流派的乐队从70年代的前卫摇滚中汲取灵感，尤其受到创世纪乐团早期作品、是乐团、克里姆森国王和平克·弗洛伊德等乐队的影响，同时融合了新浪潮和后朋克等当代音乐的简洁性与能量感。

Post-progressive is a type of rock music distinguished from vintage progressive rock styles, specifically 1970s prog. Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in popular music and the avant-garde since the mid-1970s.

前卫金属（英语：Progressive metal，有时简写为「Prog Metal」），是重金属音乐的一个分支，融合前卫摇滚与重金属的音乐风格。前卫金属结合强大且由吉他主导的金属音乐、复杂的编曲结构、奇特的拍子记号以及前卫摇滚中错综复杂的乐器演奏。

Djent () is a subgenre of progressive metal, termed for an onomatopoeia of the guitar sound that characterizes it. While sources such as The Guardian and Guitar World describe djent as a genre, some notable musicians including Randy Blythe (Lamb of God) and Stephen Carpenter (Deftones) say it is not.

Proto-prog (short for proto-progressive) is the earliest work associated with the first wave of progressive rock music, known then as "progressive pop". Such musicians were influenced by modern classical and other genres usually outside of traditional rock influences.

Zeuhl (pronounced [zœl]; lit. 'celestial') is a music genre that is a hybrid of jazz fusion, symphonic rock and neoclassical music, established in 1969 by the French band Magma. The term comes from Kobaïan, the fictional language created by Magma's Christian Vander and Klaus Blasquiz for Magma, in which Zeuhl Ẁortz means approximately 'celestial force'.

迷幻摇滚（英语：Psychedelic rock）是一种摇滚乐流派，其源自迷幻文化以及使用致幻剂而产生的思维骤变。迷幻摇滚涌现于1960年代的英国和美国，与车库摇滚及民谣摇滚乐团属同一时期。

Acid rock is a loosely defined type of rock music that evolved out of the mid-1960s garage punk movement and helped launch the psychedelic subculture. While the term has sometimes been used interchangeably with "psychedelic rock", acid rock also specifically refers to a more musically intense, rawer, or heavier subgenre or sibling of psychedelic rock.

Anatolian rock (Turkish: Anadolu rock), or Turkish psychedelic rock, is a fusion of Turkish folk music and rock. It emerged during the mid-1960s, soon after rock groups became popular in Turkey.

新迷幻（英语：Neo-psychedelia）也被称为酸性朋克（英语：Acid punk），是一种多样的音乐风格，起源于20世纪70年代，是英国后朋克音乐的产物。这一流派的音乐人从20世纪60年代的迷幻乐中发现了不同寻常的音乐元素并吸取经验，在作品中引入当时的创作方式，或在其基础上进行革新。

Paisley Underground was a musical scene that originated in California. It was particularly popular in Los Angeles, reaching a peak in the mid-1980s.

拉格摇滚（英语：Raga rock）是指受印度音乐重度影响的一种摇滚或流行音乐，体现在结构、音色和乐器使用上，比如使用锡塔琴和塔布拉鼓。近来的学者把1960到70年代结合南亚音乐的英国摇滚乐也包含在内。

Stoner rock, also known as stoner metal or stoner doom, is a rock music fusion genre that combines elements of doom metal with psychedelic rock and acid rock. The genre emerged during the early 1990s and was pioneered foremost by Kyuss and Sleep.

Pub rock is a style of Australian rock and roll that peaked in popularity throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and that continues to influence Australian music into the 21st century. It is named after the live music circuit in which most associated bands developed their sound: inner-city and suburban pubs.

Pub rock is a subgenre of rock music that emerged in the early to mid-1970s in the United Kingdom. A back-to-basics movement, which incorporated roots rock, pub rock was a reaction against the expensively-recorded and produced progressive rock and flashy glam rock scenes at the time.

朋克摇滚（英语：Punk rock），常简称为朋克（英语：Punk），是摇滚乐的分支音乐类型，出现于1970年代中期。朋克摇滚起源于1960年代的车库摇滚，创作者拒绝1970年代主流摇滚的过度感知，转而制作短且快节奏的歌曲。

无政府庞克（英语：Anarcho-punk/anarchist punk）是指推广无政府主义的朋克摇滚。一些人会以其代指任何带有无政府主义成分的庞克，比如出现了有关歌词的地壳庞克、硬核朋克、民谣庞克。

Crust punk (also known as stenchcore or simply crust) is a fusion genre of anarcho-punk and extreme metal that originated in the early to mid-1980s in England. Originally, the genre was primarily mid-tempo, making use of metal riffs in a stripped-down anarcho-punk context, however many later bands pushed the genre to be more grandiose, faster or more melodic.

D-beat (also known as Discore, kängpunk, Discrust, and crust-beat) is a style of hardcore punk, developed in the early 1980s by Discharge, after whom the genre is named, as well as a drum beat characteristic of this subgenre. D-beat is known for its "grinding, distorted and brutally political" sound.

Egg punk (originally known as Devo-core) is an Internet microgenre of punk rock that emerged in the 2010s. The genre came to be known as "egg punk" due to a series of internet memes.

Bandana thrash is a movement within thrashcore, that is sometimes associated with powerviolence that explored their debt to an earlier form of extreme punk rock. The term is in reference to the headgear preferred by many of the performers.

Beatdown hardcore (also known as heavy hardcore, brutal hardcore, moshcore, or simply beatdown) is a subgenre of hardcore punk which incorporates elements of thrash metal and hip hop. The genre features aggressive vocals, heavy, palm muted guitar riffs and breakdowns.

Bent edge or curved edge was a hardcore punk subculture that was formed as counter-movement to the straight edge movement. It was started by members of Washington, DC hardcore scene who were fed up with the rigidness and intolerance in the nascent straight edge scene.

Goregrind is a fusion genre of grindcore and death metal. British band Carcass are commonly credited for the emergence of the genre with their first two albums Reek of Putrefaction and Symphonies of Sickness, along with Repulsion and Impetigo with their debut albums Horrified and Ultimo Mondo Cannibale.

Pornogrind (also known as porngrind or pornogore) is a musical microgenre offshoot of goregrind that lyrically deals with pornographic themes.

Krishnacore is a subgenre of hardcore punk that draws inspiration from the Hare Krishna tradition. Although some hardcore punk bands had already made references to Krishna Consciousness in the 1980s, the subgenre was established in the early 1990s by the bands Shelter and 108.

死核（英语：Deathcore），是一种极端金属的融合类型，将死亡金属音乐与金属蕊（有时也有硬核朋克）的特点合二为一。它使用了死亡金属的固定音型和blast beat，以及金属核的分解联奏。

Mathcore is a subgenre of hardcore punk and metalcore that developed during the 1990s, influenced by post-hardcore, extreme metal and math rock. The genre features complex and variable rhythms with songs featuring irregular time signatures, polymeters, syncopations and tempo changes.

旋律金属核是一种着重强调器乐旋律的金属核音乐，特征是旋律性强的吉他riff，冲击波，并且经常加入一些旋律死亡金属的元素。其特征是金属核风格的breakdown和在嘶吼，核嗓与清嗓之间变换的主唱。

Progressive metalcore (also called technical metalcore or ambient metalcore) is a fusion of progressive metal and metalcore characterized by highly technical lead guitar, "atmospheric" elements, and complex instrumentation. Some notable practitioners take influence from djent.

Risecore is a subgenre of metalcore popular from late 2000s to mid 2010s. The style is often associated with the Warped Tour scene and was popularized largely by bands on Rise Records, though it includes acts from various labels.

旋律硬核（Melodic Hardcore）是硬核朋克的一个分支，起源于1980年代的北美，更加注重吉他旋律。通常包括快速的节奏，旋律以及失真的吉他riff，主唱风格偏向嘶吼。

Noisecore is a fusion genre that merges hardcore punk and noise rock. Originally emerging in the mid-1980s, the genre is characterized by chaotic song structures, short track lengths, unintelligible lyrics, heavy guitar feedback and distortion, blast beats, noise-laden soundscapes, as well as a rejection of musical theory.

Positive hardcore (sometimes shortened to posicore or posi-core) is a branch of the hardcore punk music scene that is socially aware, or focuses on values such as being inclusive, community-oriented, and anti-violent. The genre was created as a backlash to the violence and negativity in the straight edge scene.

后硬核（英文：Post-hardcore）是一个发展自硬核庞克的音乐类型，也是广泛的庞克摇滚运动中的一个分支，就如后庞克。许多后硬蕊的乐团都是来自硬核庞克乐坛，或是受到硬核音乐的启发，但这些乐团更关注于表达内心深处。

Queercore (or homocore) is a cultural/social movement that began in the mid-1980s as an offshoot of the punk subculture and a music genre that comes from punk rock. It is distinguished by its discontent with society in general, and specifically society's disapproval of the LGBTQ community.

Taqwacore is a subgenre of punk music dealing with Islam, its culture, and interpretation. Originally conceived in Michael Muhammad Knight's 2003 novel, The Taqwacores, the name is a portmanteau of "hardcore" and the Arabic word "taqwa" (تقوى), which is usually translated as "piety" or the quality of being "God-fearing", and thus roughly denotes reverence and love of the divine.

Thrashcore (also known as fastcore) is a fast-tempo subgenre of hardcore punk that emerged in the early 1980s. Thrashcore is essentially sped-up hardcore, adopting a slightly more extreme style by means of its vocals, dissonance, and occasional use of blast beats.

Tough guy hardcore (also known as New York-style hardcore) is a subgenre of hardcore punk with prominent influences from thrash metal. It makes use of groove-driven, palm muted guitar riffs, breakdowns, lyrics discussing hatred, personal struggles, unity, and a vocal style influenced by hip hop and oi!.

Powerviolence (sometimes written as power violence) is a chaotic and fast subgenre of hardcore punk which is closely related to thrashcore and grindcore. In contrast with grindcore, which is a "crossover" idiom containing musical aspects of heavy metal, powerviolence is just an augmentation of the most challenging qualities of hardcore punk and grindcore.

暴女（英语：Riot grrrl），是女性主义的地下朋克音乐运动。1990年代早期，起源自美国奥林匹亚市、华盛顿州等西北岸地区，暴女融合了女性主义、朋克以及政治次文化。

Shaman punk is a subgenre of punk rock and hardcore punk first used by critics to describe the musical style of Hungarian band Galloping Coroners in the 1980s.

Skate punk (also known as skatecore and skate rock) is a skater subculture and punk rock subgenre that developed in the 1980s. Originally a form of hardcore punk that had been closely associated with skate culture, skate punk evolved into a more melodic genre of punk rock in the 1990s similar to pop punk.

街头庞克（英语：Street punk，又作：Streetpunk）是一种工人阶级为主的庞克摇滚，大略成形于1980年代，部分是为了反对第一波英伦庞克大众认知艺术的做作。街头庞克起源自Oi!风格，乐团Sham 69、Angelic Upstarts、Cockney Rejects与Cock Sparrer都是这种风格的表演者。

Horror punk is a music genre that mixes punk rock and 1950s-influenced doo-wop and rockabilly sounds with morbid and violent imagery and lyrics which are often influenced by horror films and science fiction B-movies. The genre was pioneered by the Misfits during the late 1970s to early 1980s, followed by bands such as Mourning Noise, the Undead and Samhain.

纳粹朋克（Nazi punk，有时也称为 hatecore）是朋克摇滚中的新纳粹流派。这个词也形容是朋克文化的一员的新纳粹分子。

Oi!（直译：哦！）是朋克摇滚的一种音乐子类型，最早发源于20世纪70年代末期的英国。

Punk pathetique is a subgenre of British punk rock (principally active circa 1980–1982) that involved humour and working-class cultural themes.

Trallpunk (Swedish; roughly translates to 'ditty punk' — see the Wiktionary entry) is a subgenre of punk music developed in Sweden. It is known for its two-beat, fast drum tempos, a melodic sound with harmonized vocals, and politically oriented lyrics in Swedish.

Reggae rock, also known as Cali reggae, is a subgenre of reggae fusion and rock music that primarily features the reggae, rock, and ska genres. Typical lyrics of reggae rock songs incorporate love, personal awareness, and life challenges while incorporating music and beat elements of rock, punk, and hip-hop.

Reggae punk (also known as punk reggae) is a genre of music originating in England in the late-1970s. It is characterized by a fusion of reggae music with punk rock.

Ska punk (or ska-punk) is a fusion genre that mixes ska with punk rock. Ska punk tends to feature brass instruments, especially horns such as trumpets, trombones and woodwind instruments like saxophones, making the genre distinct from other forms of punk rock.

摇滚（英语：Rock and roll ／ Rock 'n' roll ／ Rock & roll，有时为了区别于现代摇滚乐，可称为早期摇滚乐）是一种音乐类型，起源于1940年代末期的美国，1950年代早期开始流行，迅速风靡全球。摇滚乐结合了当时流行的非裔美国人蓝调、乡村音乐、爵士乐、以及福音音乐。

Rock kapak is a sub-genre of rock music, sung largely in the Malay language with stylistic influences from glam metal, hard rock and heavy metal. Originating in Malaysia and Singapore in the 1980s, it peaked in mainstream popularity in those countries in the early-to-mid 1990s.

Swamp rock is a genre of rock music that originated in the mid-1960s as a fusion of rockabilly and soul music with swamp blues, country music and funk. The genre originated in Louisiana by artists such as Tony Joe White, but was subsequently popularized by the California band Creedence Clearwater Revival.

Viking rock (Vikingarock) is a rock music genre that takes much of its themes from 19th-century Viking romanticism, mixing it with elements of rockabilly, Oi! or street punk, and folk music.

视觉系（日语：ヴィジュアル系，源自英语Visual，简称V系）是一种乐团的类型，亦是一种音乐工作者的类型。它并非单一的曲风、造型，而是一种音乐表演的呈现方式。

Nagoya kei (Japanese: 名古屋系; lit. "Nagoya Style") is a subgenre of the Japanese visual kei movement that developed in the early 1990s music scene of Nagoya, Japan.

Wagnerian rock is the merger of 20th-century rock and roll and 19th-century opera reminiscent of Richard Wagner or Phil Spector's Wall of Sound. The term was coined by songwriter and producer Jim Steinman to describe Meat Loaf's Bat Out of Hell trilogy of albums.

African heavy metal refers to the heavy metal music scene in Africa, particularly in East African countries such as Kenya and Uganda, and Southern African countries including Namibia, Madagascar, Angola, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. It also extends into North African nations such as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia.

Hip-hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread African American influence. In 1985, hip-hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.

African popular music (also styled Afropop, Afro-pop, Afro pop or African pop) can be defined as any African music, regardless of genre, that uses Western pop musical instruments, such as the guitar, piano, trumpet, etc. Afropop is a genre of music that combines elements from both African traditional music with Western pop music, characterized by the use of African rhythms and melodies, as well as western instrumentation and production techniques.

非洲节奏（Afrobeat ）是一种源自西非的音乐类型，由尼日利亚的音乐家费拉·库蒂于20世纪60年代开创。这种音乐类型融合了尼日利亚和加纳的音乐， 同时受到了美国放克、爵士乐和灵魂乐的影响。

Apala (or akpala) is a music genre originally developed by the Yoruba people of Nigeria, during the country's history as a colony of the British Empire. It is a percussion-based style that originated in the late 1930s.

Arabesque (Turkish: Arabesk) is a style of Turkish music popular in Turkey, the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. The genre was particularly popular in Turkey from the 1960s through the 2000s.

Benga is a genre of Kenyan popular music. It evolved between the late 1940s and late 1960s, in Kenya's capital city of Nairobi.

Bikutsi is a musical genre from Cameroon. It developed from the traditional styles of the Beti, or Ewondo, people, who live around the city of Yaoundé.

Bongo Flava is a nickname for Tanzanian music. The genre was developed in the 1990s, mainly as a derivative of American hip hop and traditional Tanzanian styles such as taarab and dansi.

Boomba music, also referred to as kapuka (due to the beat pattern; not to be confused with kapuka rap), is a form of hip pop music popular in Kenya. It incorporates hip hop, reggae and African traditional musical styles.

Bubu music is traditional music played by the Temne people in Sierra Leone. The music was originally used in Temne animist ceremonies, but later it turned into a popular religious processional style played during Ramadan.

Chaabi (شعبي in Arabic), also known as Chaâbi, Sha-bii, or Sha'bii meaning "folk", refers to different music genres in North Africa such as Algerian chaabi, Moroccan chaabi and Egyptian Shaabi. Chaabi music is frequently found in weddings and this style is often associated with the festivals.

Chaoui is a musical style of Aurès in southern Algeria. Chaoui is the French or Berber spelling of the Shawiya language.

津巴布韦解放音乐（英语：Chimurenga music）是起源于20世纪70年代津巴布韦的一个音乐流派。绍纳语中的 Chimurenga 一词意为「革命解放」，而在罗德西亚丛林战争中被以托马斯·马普福莫用以形容他的革命音乐。

刚果伦巴又称非洲伦巴， 是一种起源于20世纪中叶刚果共和国和刚果民主共和国的舞曲流派。2021年12月，它被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录和优秀保护实践名册。

Fújì is a genre of Yoruba popular music that emerged in Nigeria in the 1960s. It evolved from the improvisational wéré music also known as ajísari (meaning "waking up for sari"), performed to awaken Muslims before dawn during the fasting season of Ramadan.

Genge music is a genre of hip-hop music influenced by dancehall, originating from Nairobi, Kenya in the 1990s. The term "Genge" was coined by producer Clemo and popularized by Kenyan rappers Jua Cali and Nonini at Calif Records.

The Gnawa () (or Gnaoua, Ghanawa, Ghanawi, Gnawi'; Arabic: ڭناوة, romanized: Gnāwa) are an ethnic minority inhabiting southern Morocco, who had been brought to Morocco as slaves from West Africa’s Sahel. The name Gnawa originated in the indigenous languages of North Africa and the Sahara Desert.

Gumbé, also goombay or gumbay, is a West African style of music found in countries such as Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau. Sierra Leonean gumbé music is indigenous to the Sierra Leone Krio people and was derived from the Jamaican Maroon ancestors of the Krio people.

Highlife is a Ghanaian music genre that originated along the coastal cities of present-day Ghana in the 19th century, during its history as a colony of the British and through its trade routes in coastal areas. It encompasses multiple local fusions of African metre and western jazz melodies.

Hiplife is a Ghanaian musical style that fuses Ghanaian culture and hip hop. Recorded predominantly in the Ghanaian Akan language, hiplife is rapidly gaining popularity in the 2010s throughout West Africa and abroad, especially in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and Germany.

Igbo highlife is a contemporary musical genre that combines highlife and Igbo traditional music. The genre is primarily guitar-based music, with a rare characteristic blend of horns and vocal rhythms.

伊博说唱（英语：Igbo rap）是一种尼日利亚风格的嘻哈音乐，起源于伊博人为主的尼日利亚东南部地区，自2000年以来越来越流行。这种风格主要受到伊博传统音乐和非裔美国人音乐的影响。

Ikorodo music is a traditional Igbo folk music. The genre is originated from culture of the Nsukka people in Enugu State, Nigeria.

Ikwokirikwo (Ikwokilikwo) is a high-tempo style of Igbo highlife music influenced by Ogene, which gives the style its fast-paced signature. The style emerged in the early 1970s.

Isicathamiya (Zulu pronunciation: [isikǀatʰamija], where the c represents a tenuis dental click) is a singing style that originated from the Zulu people, a South African ethnic group. In European understanding, a cappella is also used to describe this form of singing.

Jit (also known as jiti, jit-jive and the Harare beat) is a style of popular Zimbabwean dance music. It features a swift rhythm played on drums and accompanied by a guitar.

朱朱音乐是一种起源于尼日利亚拉哥斯的约鲁巴语流行音乐形式。该音乐类型始于1920年代。

Kadongo Kamu is a music genre native to Uganda and is the oldest mainstream music genre in the country. The word "kadongo kamu" is a term in the Ganda language that means "one little guitar".

基宗巴（Kizomba）是一种起源于安哥拉的流行舞蹈类型和音乐流派，是森巴舞的一个变种。不同于森巴舞的是，基宗巴舞蹈音乐的特征包含祖克音乐快节奏的打击和一般的缓慢节奏。

Kwela is a genre of street music originating from southern Africa. It is distinguished by its prominent use of the pennywhistle, jazz-inspired elements, and a distinctive skiffle-like rhythm.

Soukous (from French secousse, "shock, jolt, jerk") is a genre of dance music originating from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) and the Republic of the Congo (formerly French Congo and the People's Republic of the Congo). It derived from Congolese rumba in the 1960s, with faster dance rhythms and bright, intricate guitar improvisation, and gained popularity in the 1980s in France.

Makossa is a music genre originating in Douala, Littoral Region, Cameroon in the late 20th century. Like much other music of Sub-Saharan Africa, it uses strong electric bass rhythms and prominent brass.

Maloya is a musical genre of Reunion island, usually sung in Reunionese Creole, and traditionally accompanied by percussion and a musical bow. Maloya is a new form that has origins in the music of African and Malagasy slaves and Indian indentured workers on the island, as has the other folk music of Reunion, séga.

Ma'luf (Arabic: مألوف, romanized: acquainted, familiar Ma'lūf) is a genre of art music in the Andalusian classical music tradition of Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. It is of Iberian origin and was introduced to the Maghreb by Andalusi refugees.

Marabi is a style of music and dance form that evolved and emerged in South Africa between the 1890s and 1920s. The early part of the century saw the increasing urbanisation of black South Africans in mining centres such as the gold mining area around Johannesburg - the Witwatersrand.

Marrabenta is a popular style of Mozambican dance music combining traditional Mozambican dance rhythms with Portuguese folk music. It was developed in Maputo, the capital city of Mozambique, during the 1930s and 1940s.

Maskandi (also Maskanda) is a form of Zulu folk music, originally associated with migrant workers, that is evolving with South African society. Thought to be pioneered by Phuzushukela (John Bhengu).

Mbalax (or mbalakh) is the urban dance music of Senegal, Mauritania and the Gambia. The musical style is rooted in instrumental and vocal styles accompanied by polyrhythmic sabar drumming of the Wolof, a social identity that includes both the original Wolof people of the Greater Senegambia region and the urban panethnic identity that arose during colonialism.

Mbaqanga (Zulu pronunciation: [mɓaˈǃáːŋga]) is a style of South African music that emerged in the early 1960s in the urban townships, particularly around Johannesburg. It draws from a variety of ethnic traditions, including Zulu, Xhosa, Sotho, Pedi, and Tsonga musical elements.

Mbube is a form of South African vocal music, made famous by the South African group Ladysmith Black Mambazo. The word mbube means "Lion" in Zulu.

The morna (pronunciation in both Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole: [ˈmɔɾnɐ]) is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde. It was proclaimed Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO on December 11, 2019.

Music has been integral to Egyptian culture since antiquity. Egyptian music had a substantial influence on the development of ancient Greek music and, via the Greeks, was important to early European music well into the Middle Ages.

尼日利亚音乐包括多种形式的传统音乐和流行音乐，其中传统音乐又依国内各族群而异，具有很强的功能性，常常用于婚礼或葬礼等仪式。 劳动歌是其中一种尼日利亚传统音乐，常用于劳动者在田间或河流劳动时保持工作节奏用。

Ndombolo, also known as dombolo, is a genre of dance music originating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Derived from soukous in the 1990s, with fast-paced hip-swaying dance rhythms, often accompanied by upbeat, percussion-driven music, the style became widespread in the mid-1990s and the subsequent decade, dominating dancefloors in central, eastern, and western Africa.

Owerri Bongo (Bongo/Igbo Bongo) is a style of Igbo highlife music that has its origins in the Igbo people of Owerri and spread around all Imo State, which is in eastern Nigeria. The musical style is a sub-genre of Igbo highlife music.

Palm-Wine Music is a traditional West African popular music genre that developed along the coastal regions of present-day Ghana, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Nigeria in the late nineteenth century. The genre has various origins, but primarily palm-wine music ties back to native musical traditions that were introduced to imported instruments, particularly the guitar.

雷伊是一种来自阿尔及利亚的民间音乐，可以追溯到20世纪20年代。这一音乐起源于瓦赫兰，起初主要在贫困群体之间流行。

The term rumba may refer to a variety of unrelated music styles. Originally, "rumba" was used as a synonym for "party" in northern Cuba, and by the late 19th century it was used to denote the complex of secular music styles known as Cuban rumba.

Sakara music is a form of popular Nigerian music based in the traditions of Yoruba music. It generally takes the form of praise songs that are accompanied by traditional Yoruba instruments such as the solemn-sounding goje (spike fiddle), and the small round sakara drum, which is similar to a tambourine and is beaten with a stick.

Sega (French: séga) is one of the major music genres of Mauritius and Réunion. It is a complete performance art, involving music, story-telling and traditional dance.

Seggae is a fusion genre of sega, the traditional music of the Mascarene Islands, and reggae. While early recorded precursors of the style date back to 1974 with the group Creolites' track "Regsegae Kung Fu", the genre was formally developed, named, and popularised in Mauritius in the mid-1980s by the musician Kaya.

森巴（金邦杜语：Semba）是来自安哥拉的一种传统类型的音乐。

Kwassa kwassa (or kwasa kwasa) is a dance created by Jeanora, a mechanic in Kinshasa from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, that started in the 1980s, where the hips move back and forth while the hands move to follow the hips. It was very popular in Africa.

Taarab is a music genre popular in Tanzania and Kenya, and the wider Swahilisphere. It has been influenced by the musical traditions of the African Great Lakes, North Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent.

Zamrock is a music genre and scene that emerged in Zambia during the early 1970s. It has been described as a fusion of traditional African music and psychedelic rock, garage rock, hard rock, blues and funk, taking influence from popular bands like Black Sabbath, Blue Cheer, the Rolling Stones, Deep Purple, and Cream.

Zouglou ( ZOO-gloo, French: [zuɡlu]) is a dance oriented style of music originated from Ivory Coast during the mid-1990s. It started with students from a college of Gagnoa drawing on elements of other styles of music.

Shashmaqom ( SHASH-mə-KOM; Uzbek: [ˌʃæʃmaˈqɒm]; Tajik: [ʃɐʃmɐˈqɔm]) is a Central Asian musical genre (typical of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) which may have developed in the city of Bukhara. Shashmaqam means the six Maqams (modes) in the Persian language, dastgah being the name for Persian modes, and maqams being the name for modes more generally.

Pashto music (ستا د مینې په رڼا کې شو روښانه هر میدان،

Music of Kazakhstan refers to a wide range of musical styles and genres deriving from Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is home to the Kazakh State Kurmangazy Orchestra of Folk Instruments, the Kazakh State Philharmonic Orchestra, the Kazakh National Opera and the Kazakh State Chamber Orchestra.

Kyrgyz music is nomadic and rural, and is closely related to Turkmen and Kazakh folk forms. Kyrgyz folk music is characterized by the use of long, sustained pitches, with Russian elements also prominent.

Music is an integral part of Mongolian culture. Among the unique contributions of Mongolia to the world's musical culture are the long songs, overtone singing, and morin khuur, the horse-headed fiddle, and the pentatonic scale.

呼唛或呼麦（图瓦语：хөөмей；蒙古语：ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠢ，鲍培转写：kögemei，西里尔字母：хөөмий，意为“咽喉”）是一种典型运用泛音的歌唱方式（泛音唱法、喉音唱法、双声唱法、复音唱法，歌者能在一个持续的低音之上，同时唱出另一个像口哨声的高音），被蒙古族、图瓦人和位于阿尔泰地区的蒙古族（卡尔梅克人）、阿尔泰人、布里亚特人、通古斯人及楚科奇人应用在民俗音乐。另外，西藏喇嘛念经的唱法引进了假声带唱法卡基拉的一些技巧，类似于蒙古的喉音唱法。

Tajik music is closely related to other Central Asian forms of music. The classical music is shashmaqam, which is also distinctive in Uzbekistan.

中国说唱是Hip-hop进入中国后的产物。说唱对于中国音乐来说，属于比较新颖的音乐类型。

中国音乐，据目前的考古发现，中国音乐可追溯至9000多年前，礼乐制度被赋予维系社会秩序的功能。音乐与人心情感间的关系受到很大的重视，《诗经》大序、《礼记·乐记》、《荀子·乐论篇》、《史记·乐书》等描述儒家思想认为音乐对人性具有教化启迪的作用。

中国摇滚乐是指中国大陆发展的摇滚音乐，摇滚音乐作为一种独立的音乐种类最早于20世纪80年代左右出现在中国。中国摇滚乐被描述为一种反传统的工具、反抗主流意识形态、商业建制以及文化霸权的音乐。

香港英语流行音乐（英语：Hong Kong English pop）是在香港制作、演出和流行的英文歌曲。 它被香港人简单地称为“英国流行音乐”。

Taiwanese hip hop music started in the early 1990s, popularized by the early hip hop trio L.A. Boyz. A distinctive style of rap emerged using Taiwanese Hokkien as opposed to the Mandarin Chinese used in Mandopop, which before democratization the regime actively promote the use of Mandarin and suppressing the use of Taigi.

台湾的摇滚音乐可追溯至1950年代，当时源自美国的早期摇滚透过广播电台在台湾传播，形成了「热门音乐」和「合唱团」风潮，并影响了接下来的校园民歌运动。解严后的1990年代，台湾摇滚进一步在地化，摇滚文化围绕着livehouse与音乐祭形成。

演歌，是日本具代表性的传统歌曲类别，它反映了日本民族的惯常情感表达方式；而基于歌手唱腔或歌曲含意，也被称为艳歌、怨歌等（日语发音相同）。 演歌起源于明治时代，并一度在日本流行。

Japanese hip-hop refers to the presence of Hip-hop culture in Japan. While primarily focused on elements of hip-hop music like rap and production, Japan has also fostered strong scenes in DJing, hip-hop dance, and graffiti.

Japanese jazz (Japanese: 日本のジャズ, Nihon no jazu) is jazz played by Japanese musicians or jazz connected to Japan or Japanese culture. According to some estimates, Japan has the largest proportion of jazz fans in the world.

日本音乐所称之「歌谣曲」，指的是日本流行音乐的一个种类，其中昭和时期发布的歌曲又被称为昭和歌谣。但根据情况的不同，有几个不同的意义被使用，大概有以下诸些定义。

朝鲜半岛传统音乐分为民俗音乐和宫廷音乐两种。 朝鲜传统民俗音乐形式多样，主要包括盘索里、农乐和散调等。

The Baul (Bengali: বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism and Vaishnava Sahajiya from different parts of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya. Bauls constitute both a syncretic religious sect of troubadours and a musical tradition.

Bhangra (Punjabi pronunciation: [ˈpə̀ŋɡ(ə)ɽaː] ) is a type of music of the Punjab region. It is a prominent form of entertainment and a means of expressing joy, particularly during festive and celebratory occasions.

Bhawaiya is a musical form or a popular folk music that originated in Northern Bengal, especially the Rangpur Division in Bangladesh, Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, India, and the undivided Goalpara district of Assam, India. It has recurrent themes of the "working class", mahouts, mahishals (buffalo herders), and gariyals (cart drivers).

Dappankuthu (or simply Kuthu; ) is a folk dance and music genre, that is typically danced to the Gaana music genre or Kuthu Beats with an emphasis on percussion performed in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is one of several popular genres employed in film music, mainly in Tamil cinema and other South films, filmed and produced by people of Tamil culture.

Dohori (Nepali: दोहोरी, romanized: dohorī pronounced [doɦoɾi] or [doːɾi]) is a Nepali type of music usually sung by two teams, usually one comprising men and the other women. It is in the form of question and answer where a team sings a question and the opponent replies through an equally lyrical impromptu couplet and vice versa.

Hindi film songs, more formally known as Hindi Geet or Filmi songs and informally known as Bollywood music, are songs featured in Hindi films. Derived from the song-and-dance routines common in Indian films, Bollywood songs, along with dance, are a characteristic motif of Hindi cinema which gives it enduring popular appeal, cultural value and context.

卡纳提克音乐（罗马化梵文：Karnāṭaka saṃgīta）是南印度的古典音乐传统，源自娑摩吠陀等古代印度音乐文化。现今在印度卡纳塔卡邦、安德拉邦、泰伦加纳邦、喀拉拉邦、坦米尔那都邦等地均有流传，尤其以清奈为一大中心。

Hindustani classical music (also known as North Indian classical music or Shastriya Sangeet) is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent's northern regions. It is played on instruments like the veena, sitar and sarod.

Jazz music in India originated in the 1920s in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) and in Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta), where African-American jazz musicians performed. They inspired Goan musicians who then absorbed aspects of jazz into the sounds of India’s Hindi film music industry.

Indian rock is a music genre in India that may incorporate elements of Indian music with rock music, and is often topically India-centric. While India is more often known for its (northern and southern) classical music, filmi, Bollywood music, Indi-pop, and Bhangra, the Indian rock scene has also produced numerous bands and artists.

Lavani is a genre of music popular in Maharashtra, India. Lavani is a combination of traditional song and dance, which particularly performed to the beats of dholki, a percussion instrument.

莫兰（泰语：หมอลำ）是指泰国和老挝内的国家节奏较为慢的音乐风格。

拉格（英文：Raga, 亦称作 raag, raaga, ragam)，简单来说是印度古典音乐旋律所用的调式，但这个字直译为「色彩」、「色相」，亦可以解作「美」、「旋律」。 拉格由四个或以上的音高组成，而利用拉格可以构成不同的旋律。

Baila (also known as bayila; from the Portuguese verb bailar, meaning to dance) is a form of music, popular in Sri Lanka and among Goan Catholics, Mangalorean Catholics, and Bombay East Indians in India. The genre originated centuries ago among the Portuguese Burghers and Sri Lankan Kaffirs.

Sri Lankan Hip Hop is a part of the Asian hip hop culture. This multilingual genre features Sinhala, Tamil and English.

The Malaysian hip hop is a hip hop music performed in Malaysia. A few acts initially began performing within a limited urban demographic mostly in English, but the genre was only began to be taken seriously nationwide by rhyming in the Malay(sian) language for a wider reach as the Malaysian music market is fragmented by language.

Malaysian popular music, sometimes called Malaysian pop (Malay: Pop Malaysia) or abbreviated as M-pop, refers to popular music forms in the Southeast Asian nation of Malaysia. Although pop music in various languages, such as Mandopop, is popular and has been produced in Malaysia, Malaysian pop refers to music recorded primarily in the Malay language in Malaysia.

Malaysian rock music has a rich and diverse history, spanning various subgenres such as rock kapak, punk rock, hardcore, post-hardcore, metalcore, alternative rock and post-rock. Over the decades, Malaysia has developed a thriving underground music scene, with its origins rooted in the 1980s and a continuous evolution in the following decades.

甘美朗（Gamelan）是印度尼西亚历史最悠久的一种民族音乐，又以峇里岛及爪哇岛的甘美朗合奏最为著名。主要的乐器有钢片琴类、木琴类、鼓、锣、竹笛、拨弦及拉弦乐器，有些曲目亦可以加上演唱者。

Dangdut () is a genre of Indonesian folk music that is partly derived and fused from Hindustani, Arabic, and, to a lesser extent, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese and local folk music. Dangdut is the most popular musical genre in Indonesia and very popular in other Maritime Southeast Asian countries because of its melodious instrumentation and vocals.

Indo pop (Indonesian: Pop Indo), also known as Indonesian pop (Indonesian: Pop Indonesia) or I-pop, is loosely defined as Indonesian pop music; however, in a wider sense, it can also encompass Indonesian pop culture, which also includes Indonesian cinema and sinetrons (Indonesian TV dramas). Indonesian pop music today is sometimes influenced by trends and recordings from Western music.

Sundanese Music (Sundanese: ᮊᮛᮝᮤᮒᮔ᮪ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, Karawitan Sunda) is an umbrella term that encompasses diverse musical traditions of the West Java and Banten in western part of Java, Indonesia. The term of "West Java" is preferred by scholars in this field.

Keroncong or Kroncong (from Javanese ꦏꦼꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦕꦺꦴꦁ, keroncong 'rumble', Javanese pronunciation: [kəˈrɔnt͡ʃɔŋ]; Javindo: krontjong) refers to both a specific Cak–Cuk, a ukulele-like Javanese instrument, and a unique classical colonial Java and Eastern Indonesian (particularly Maluku and eastern East Nusa Tenggara) musical genre that evolved and first developed in Java Island, especially at the Java port cities of Sunda Kelapa in Greater Jakarta, Semarang and Surakarta in Central Java, as well as Surabaya in East Java, dates back to at least 16th century. It is characterized by its lilting rhythm, distinctive sound from interlocking Cak–Cuk.

泰国乡村音乐（Luk thung）是指泰国等国家的节奏较慢的音乐风格。

Luk krung (Thai: ลูกกรุง, pronounced [lûːk krūŋ]; lit. 'child of the city') is a genre of Thai music. It is a more polished, urban style, compared to its folk music counterpart, luk thung.

Thai pop (abbreviated as T-pop), is a genre of Thai music roughly equivalent to pop music. It emerged in the 1960s–1980s, during which it was known as string music, before gaining mainstream popularity during the 1990s and has since dominated the Thai music industry.

Pinoy rock, or Filipino rock, is the brand of rock music produced in the Philippines or by Filipinos. It has become as diverse as the rock music genre itself, and bands adopting this style are now further classified under more specific genres or combinations of genres like alternative rock, post-grunge, ethnic, new wave, pop rock, punk rock, funk, reggae, heavy metal, ska, and recently, indie.

Lao pop or L-pop is a music genre of pop music of Lao people.

V-pop is an abbreviation for Vietnamese popular music (Vietnamese: nhạc pop Việt Nam, nhạc trẻ Việt Nam, or nhạc đại chúng Việt Nam), a musical genre covering modern Vietnamese pop music.

阿拉伯音乐有悠久的历史，阿拉伯人学习并掌握和发展了古典希腊音乐理论，对东西方的音乐都有很大的影响，8世纪时法拉比的著作《音乐全书》被西方认为是欧洲文艺复兴的奠基石。 阿拉伯的音乐理论比较独特，并不是用十二平均律，从古代开始经历了九律、十七律、二十四律的变化，音律上有1/4的音，调式有“中立三度”，即音程比大三度小，但比小三度大；有“中立六律”，还有大约为150音分的3/4音。

Fann aṭ-Ṭanbūra (Arabic: فن الطنبورة) is a traditional music and dance genre in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, especially Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman. Musically, the tanbūra instrument plays a central role, along with several drums and the manjur— an instrument made from a large number of goat hooves attached to a type of apron which is wrapped around the waist of the performer.

Fijiri (Arabic: الفجيري; sometimes spelled fijri, fidjeri, or fjiri) is the specific repertoire of vocal music sung by the pearl divers of Eastern Arabia's coastal Gulf states, especially Bahrain and Kuwait. A lead singer is backed up by a chorus of accompanying singers and clapping.

Khaliji or Khaleeji music (Arabic: الموسيقى الخليجية, romanized: al-mūsīqā al-khalījiyya, meaning "Gulf music") is the music of Eastern Arabia and the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, and it is a popular genre across the Arab world. It is traditionally characterized by heavy use of the rebab, oud and other string instruments such as the violin, the occasional use of habbān, and the inclusion of percussion instruments such as the mirwas, tabl, and duff drums.

Līwa (Arabic: ليوه / ALA-LC: laywah) is a Khaleeji traditional dance of African origin performed in Eastern Arabia (Arab states of the Persian Gulf), mainly within communities of descendants of people from the Swahili Coast (Tanzania and Zanzibar). It is also performed by the African-descended Sheedi community, as well as the Baloch of Makran Coast and Karachi area.

Kurdish folk music (Kurdish: میوزیکی فۆلکلۆری کوردی, romanized: Mîwzîkî folkilorî Kurdî or مۆسیقای فۆلکلۆر) is a musical tradition associated with the Kurdish people, encompassing a variety of regional styles, instruments, and lyrical themes. It is often transmitted orally and reflects aspects of Kurdish culture and history.

Hayran (Kurdish: حەیران, romanized: Ĥeyran, Kurdish pronunciation: [ħɛjˈɾɑːn]) is a form of Kurdish vocal music, performed without instrumental accompaniment, though sometimes with music; It typically consists of several short lyrical verses. The singer of a hayran often addresses personal experiences, such as the hardships of life or expressions of love.

Dengbêj (Kurdish: دەنگبێژ) is a Kurdish music genre sung by Dengbêjs (singing storytellers). There have been many terms to describe Dengbêjs throughout history, and today, several singing storytellers use Dengbêj as part of their own artistic name.

Kurdish maqam (Kurdish: مەقامی کوردی, romanized: Meqamî Kurdî, Kurdish pronunciation: [ma.qaːˈmiː ˈkuɾ.diː]) is a traditional melodic system used in Kurdish music, distinguished by its modal structure and use of microtonality. Originating in the Kurdish regions of the Middle East, it serves as a key element of Kurdish musical heritage and is often associated with specific emotional and cultural contexts.

The music of Israel incorporates a variety of musical traditions. Since the First Aliyah of Jews to Palestine in the 1880s, local musical styles have developed alongside the adoption of international genres.

Sawt (Arabic: صوت / ALA-LC: Ṣawt; literally "voice"; also spelled sout or sowt) is a kind of popular music found in Kuwait and Bahrain.

Turkish folk music (Turkish: Türk Halk Müziği) is the traditional music of Turkish people living in Turkey influenced by the cultures of Anatolia and former territories in Europe and Asia. Its unique structure includes regional differences under one umbrella.

The term Romani style refers to the way Eastern European music is played in coffeehouses and restaurants, at parties, and sometimes on-stage in European cities. Music played in this style differs from actual Romani music played by Romani and Sinti people, many of whom regard the term "gypsy" as a slur when applied to their community.

澳大利亚民间音乐是一种术语，它可以适用于各种各样和外来文化及澳大利亚原住民文化相关的传统音乐。 凯尔特、英国、德国和斯堪的纳维亚民间传统在第一波欧洲外来音乐的浪潮中占主导地位。

Australian hip-hop traces its origins to the early 1980s and was initially largely inspired by hip-hop and other urban musical genres from the United States. As the form matured, Australian hip-hop has become a commercially viable style of music that is no longer restricted to the creative underground, with artists such as ONEFOUR, Hilltop Hoods, Kerser and Bliss n Eso having achieved notable fame.

Indigenous music of Australia comprises the music of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of Australia, intersecting with their cultural and ceremonial observances, through the millennia of their individual and collective histories to the present day. The traditional forms include many aspects of performance and musical instrumentation that are unique to particular regions or Aboriginal Australian groups; and some elements of musical tradition are common or widespread through much of the Australian continent, and even beyond.

The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. Styles like slack-key guitar are well known worldwide, while Hawaiian-tinged music is a frequent part of Hollywood soundtracks.

The music of New Zealand has been influenced by a number of traditions, including Māori music, the music introduced by European settlers during the nineteenth century, and a variety of styles imported during the twentieth century, including blues, jazz, country, rock and roll, reggae, and hip hop, with many of these genres given a unique New Zealand interpretation. Pre-colonial Māori music consisted mainly of a form of microtonal chanting and performances on instruments called taonga pūoro: a variety of blown, struck and twirled instruments made out of hollowed-out wood, stone, whale ivory, albatross bone, and human bone.

Traditional Māori music, or pūoro Māori, is composed or performed by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, and includes a wide variety of folk music styles, often integrated with poetry and dance. In addition to these traditions and musical heritage, since the 19th-century European colonisation of New Zealand, Māori musicians and performers have adopted and interpreted many of the imported Western musical styles.

Kapa haka is the term for Māori action songs and the groups who perform them. The phrase translates to 'group' (kapa) 'dance' (haka).

The music of Polynesia is a diverse set of musical traditions from islands within a large area of the central and southern Pacific Ocean, approximately a triangle with New Zealand, Hawaii and Easter Island forming its corners. Traditional Polynesian music is largely an inseparable part of a broader performance art form, incorporating dance and recital of oral traditions; most literature considers Polynesian music and dance together.

The music of Samoa is a complex mix of cultures and traditions, with pre- and post-European contact histories. Since American colonization, popular traditions such as rap and hip-hop have been integrated into Samoan music.

Balkan music is a type of music found in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. In its broadest sense, it encompasses a variety of music styles across the countries of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia, as well as in European Turkey.

Balkan brass, popularly known by the Serbian name Truba (Serbian Cyrillic: Труба, "Trumpet"), is a style of music originating in the Balkan region as a fusion between military music and folk music. It is popular in the Balkans, especially in Serbia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Moldova, and Romania.

Balkan folk music is the traditional folk music within Balkan region. In South Slavic languages, it is known as narodna muzika (народна музика) or folk muzika (фолк музика) in Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbo-Croatian, and alternatively narodna glazba in standard Croatian, and narodna glasba in Slovene.

The music of Albania (Albanian: Muzika Shqiptare) is associated with the country of Albania and Albanian communities. Music has a long tradition in the country and is known for its regional diversity, from the Ghegs in the North to the Tosks in the South.

Like the surrounding Balkan countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina has had a turbulent past marked by frequent foreign invasions and occupation. As a result, Bosnian music is now a mixture of Slavic, Turkish, Central European, Mediterranean, and other influences.

Sevdalinka (pronounced [seʋdǎliːŋka]), also known as sevdah, Bosanski sevdah is a traditional genre of folk music originating in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sevdalinka is an integral part of the Bosniak culture, but it is spread among the other peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina and across the ex-Yugoslav region as well, including Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia.

The music of Bulgaria refers to all forms of music associated with the country of Bulgaria, including classical, folk, popular music, and other forms. Classical music, opera, and ballet are represented by composers Emanuil Manolov, Pancho Vladigerov, Vesselin Stoyanov and Georgi Atanasov; instrumentalists such as pianist Alexis Weissenberg, described in The Guardian as a Bulgarian-born pianist with an international career, and violinist Mincho Minchev, whose performing career has included appearances at Carnegie Hall, the Kennedy Center, the Bolshoi Theatre, the Tchaikovsky Concert Hall, the Royal Festival Hall and the Royal Albert Hall; and singers Ghena Dimitrova, Anna Tomowa-Sintow, Boris Hristov, Raina Kabaivanska and Nicolai Ghiaurov.

The music of Cyprus includes a variety of traditional, Western classical and Western popular genres. Cypriot traditional music is similar to the traditional music of Greece, it is most similar to Nisiotika the songs and dances of the Aegean islands, and includes dances like sousta, syrtos, ballos, tatsia, antikristos, arabiye, karotseris, sinalik, çifteli, zeimbekiko and the mandra dance.

The music of Greece is as diverse and celebrated as its history. Greek music separates into two parts: Greek traditional music and Byzantine music.

Music of Kosovo is music that originates from Kosovo, a country in the Balkans. Kosovo's population is mainly Kosovo Albanians, also known as Kosovars, and there are various minority ethnic groups as well.

The culture of Montenegro is as pluralistic and diverse as its history and geographical position would suggest. Montenegro's culture has been influenced by the Serbian Empire, the Byzantine Empire, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, Christianity, the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Habsburg monarchy, and Yugoslavia.

Macedonian music refers to all forms of music associated with ethnic Macedonians. It shares similarities with the music of neighbouring Balkan countries, yet it remains overall distinctive in its rhythm and sound.

Romania contains a diverse music environment, which includes active ethnic music scenes. Traditional Romanian folk music remains popular, and certain folk musicians have found national, or even international, fame.

Romani music is the music of the Romani people. In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies and this remains the most common English term for the group.

Manele (from Romanian, fem. sg.

Lithuanian folk music is the traditional music of Lithuania, belonging to the broader category of Baltic music. Both stringed (kanklių) and wind instruments feature prominently.

The recorded history of music in Estonia dates as far back as the 12th century.

Traditional Latvian music is often set to traditional poetry called dainas, featuring pre-Christian themes and legends, drone vocal styles, and Baltic psaltery.

The music of Armenia (Armenian: հայկական երաժշտություն haykakan yerazhshtut’yun) has its origins in the Armenian highlands, dating back to the 3rd millennium BCE, and is a long-standing musical tradition that encompasses diverse secular and religious, or sacred, music (such as the sharakan Armenian chant and taghs, along with the indigenous khaz musical notation). Folk music was notably collected and transcribed by Komitas Vardapet, a prominent composer and musicologist, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who is also considered the founder of the modern Armenian national school of music.

Azerbaijani music (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan musiqisi) is the musical tradition of the Azerbaijani people from the Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijani music has evolved under the badge of monody, producing rhythmically diverse melodies.

Georgia has rich and still vibrant traditional music, primarily known for arguably the earliest polyphonic tradition of the Christian world. Situated on the border of Europe and Asia, Georgia is also the home of a variety of urban singing styles with a mixture of native polyphony, Middle Eastern monophony and late European harmonic languages.

Vienna has been an important center of musical innovation. 18th- and 19th-century composers were drawn to the city due to the patronage of the Habsburgs, and made Vienna the European capital of classical music.

维也纳华尔滋（Viennese Waltz）由于风行在奥地利首都维也纳，以得名。难能可贵的是，历经数百年而舞风仍保持原有的风范。

约德尔唱法（英语：Yodeling），又称约德尔调、岳得尔歌，是一种伴随快速、重复地进行胸声—头声间转换的大跨度音阶歌唱形式。产生一串高-低-高-低的声音。

The music of Croatia, like the divisions of the country itself, has two major influences: Central European, present in central and northern parts of the country including Slavonia, and Mediterranean, present in coastal regions of Dalmatia and Istria. In Croatia both pop and rock are popular, as well as pop music influenced by Dalmatian or Slavonian folk elements.

Music of the Czech Republic comprises the musical traditions of that state or the historical entities of which it is compound, i.e. the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia, Czech Silesia).

波尔卡（Polka）是捷克的一种民间舞蹈音乐，源于19世纪中期的波希米亚。 以男女对舞为主；基本动作由两个踏步和一个跳踏步组成，其音乐特点是节奏快速、活泼，二拍子，在第二拍的后半拍上常稍作顿挫。

德国是音乐家的摇篮，为古典音乐贡献了多位世界级的音乐家，包括巴赫和古典主义音乐最重要代表人物之一的贝多芬。其他世界知名的作曲家还有亨德尔、克拉拉·舒曼、罗伯特·舒曼、瓦格纳、勃拉姆斯、理查德·施特劳斯、泰勒曼、马克斯·雷格、奥尔夫、兴德米特、汉斯·维尔纳·亨策和卡尔海因茨·施托克豪森等。

匈牙利对民谣音乐的世界有相当多的贡献，包含流行音乐及古典音乐。匈牙利民谣音乐同时也是匈牙利人自我认同中相当重要的支柱与象征，也持续在邻近地区扮演着举足轻重的角色，像罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克 、波兰南部，尤其是在南斯洛伐克及川西凡尼亚的罗马尼亚人所在地，因为这里也是许多匈牙利人的故乡。

The music of Liechtenstein has produced an internationally renowned composer in Josef Rheinberger (1839–1901), who was mentor to Engelbert Humperdinck and a friend of Franz Liszt. The national anthem of Liechtenstein is "Oben am jungen Rhein", which was written in 1850 by Jakob Josef Jauch to the tune of "God Save the King", the national anthem of the United Kingdom.

The music of Poland covers diverse aspects of music and musical traditions which have originated, and are practiced in Poland. Artists from Poland include world-famous classical composers like Frédéric Chopin, Karol Szymanowski, Witold Lutosławski, Henryk Górecki and Krzysztof Penderecki; renowned pianists like Karl Tausig, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein and Krystian Zimerman; as well as popular music artists, and traditional, regionalised folk music ensembles that create a rich and lively music scene at the grassroots level.

Music of Serbia represents the musical heritage of Serbia, both historical and modern. It has a variety of traditional music styles, which are part of the wider Balkan musical tradition, with its own distinctive sound and characteristics.

斯洛伐克音乐同时受到斯洛伐克当地音乐以及邻国音乐的影响。在斯洛伐克曾经发现过史前乐器的踪迹，同时该国也有丰富的当代民谣音乐以及中世纪礼拜音乐遗产。

In the minds of many foreigners, Slovenian folk music means a form of polka that is still popular today, especially among expatriates and their descendants. However, there are many styles of Slovenian folk music beyond polka and waltz.

Switzerland has long had a distinct cultural identity, despite its diversity of German, French, Italian, Romansh and other ethnicities. Religious and folk music dominated the country until the 17th century, with growth in production of other kinds of music occurring slowly.

Nordic folk music includes a number of traditions of Nordic countries, especially Scandinavian. The Nordic countries are Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland.

The origins of Danish music can be traced back to the Bronze Age. Horns or lurs have been discovered in various parts of Scandinavia, mostly in the region now known as Denmark, since the end of the 18th century.

Danish traditional music (Danish: spillemandsmusik) is the music genre that has its roots in pre-modern Denmark. In this period it was common for towns to have one or more town musicians (Danish: spillemand) who played at dances, processions and certain rituals.

芬兰音乐是指有史以来由芬兰人创作的音乐。它大致可以分成三类：民族音乐、古典艺术音乐及轻音乐。

Jenkka (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈjeŋkːɑ]) is a fast Finnish partner dance found in Finnish folk dance, the Finnish version of the schottische. It is danced to music in 24 or 44 time signature, with about 140 beats per minute.

Rautalanka is a style of rock music that emerged in Finland in the 1960s, though the term is also used to refer to instrumental rock in general. The term translates literally as "iron wire", referring to the strings of the electric guitar.

The music of Iceland includes folk and pop traditions, as well as an active classical and contemporary music scene. Well-known artists from Iceland include medieval music group Voces Thules, alternative pop band The Sugarcubes, singers Björk, Laufey, Daði Freyr, Hafdís Huld and Emiliana Torrini, post-rock band Sigur Rós and Múm, post-metal band Sólstafir, indie folk/indie pop band Of Monsters and Men, blues/rock band Kaleo, metal band Skálmöld and techno-industrial band Hatari.

Much has been learned about early music in Norway from physical artifacts found during archaeological digs. These include instruments such as the lur.

The music of Sweden has a long history, with musical evidence dating back to the Bronze Age and the lur instruments. The Swedish fiddle and nyckelharpa are among the most common Swedish folk instruments.

Faroese music is primarily vocal, accompanied by the fiddle (which arrived in the 17th century) and European dances like the minuet and polka. During the twentieth century choirs have played an important role in the musical history of the Faroes, and some of the best known current choirs are Tarira, Havnarkórið, Tórshavnar Manskór, Ljómur, Fuglafjarðar Gentukór, and the choirs situated in Copenhagen: Húsakórið and Mpiri.

Traditional Nordic dance music is a type of traditional music or folk music that once was common in the mainland part of the Nordic countries — Scandinavia plus Finland. The person who plays this kind of music might be called speleman (Swedish/Norwegian), spelman (Swedish), spel(l)emann (Norwegian), pelimanni (Finnish) or spillemand (Danish).

克莱兹默（意第绪语：קלעזמער）是东欧德裔阿什肯纳兹犹太人的传统器乐，最初起源于犹太婚礼及和其他庆祝仪式上使用的舞蹈音乐。 克莱兹默的曲风特点富有情绪化，包括模仿笑声和抽泣的元素。

Belarus is an Eastern European country with a rich tradition of folk and religious music. The country's folk music traditions can be traced back to the times of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Music in Moldova is closely related to that of its neighbour and cultural kin, Romania. Moldovan folk is known for swift, complex rhythms (a characteristic shared with many Eastern European traditions), musical improvisation, syncopation and much melodic ornamentation.

Music has been produced in Russia and/or by Russians. Russia is a large and culturally diverse country, with many ethnic groups, each with their own locally developed music.

Buryatia is a constituent republic of the Russian Federation. One of the region's principal musical instruments is the two‑stringed horse‑head fiddle known as the morin khuur, an instrument intimately associated with the deeply rooted cult of the horse and part of the intangible heritage of all Mongolic peoples.

Russian folk music specifically deals with the folk music traditions of the ethnic Russian people. Russian folk music is used as the basic foundation for the creation of all Russian professional music.

The music of Ukraine covers diverse and multiple component elements of Western and Eastern European music. It has indigenous Slavic and Christian elements.

The music of Yugoslavia refers to music created during the existence of Yugoslavia, spanning the period between 1918 and 1992. The most significant music scene developed in the later period of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia), and includes internationally acclaimed artists such as: the alternative music acts Laibach and Disciplina Kičme which appeared on MTV; classical music artists such as Ivo Pogorelić and Stefan Milenković; folk artists such as the Roma music performer Esma Redžepova; the musicians of the YU Rock Misija contribution to Bob Geldof's Band Aid; the Eurovision Song Contest performers such as the 1989 winners Riva and Tereza Kesovija, who represented Monaco at the Eurovision Song Contest 1966 and her own country in 1972, and plenty of others.

The Principality of Andorra is home to folk dances like the contrapàs and marratxa, which survive in Sant Julià de Lòria especially. Andorran folk music has similarities to the music in nearby regions of France and Spain, but is especially Catalan in character, especially in the presence of dances like the sardana.

The music of Belgium is a cultural mix where Flemish Dutch-speaking and Walloon French-speaking traditions mix with those of German minorities and of immigrant communities from Democratic Republic of the Congo or other distant countries.

Belgian hardcore techno (also referred to as Belgian techno or rave techno) is an early style of hardcore techno that emerged from new beat as EBM and techno influences became more prevalent in this genre. This particular style has been described as an "apocalyptic, almost Wagnerian, bombastic techno", due to its use of dramatic orchestral stabs and menacing synth tones that set it apart from earlier forms of electronic dance music.

Belgian hip-hop music has a few rappers stemming from Africa and Italy. Belgium, like France, controlled African countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), Rwanda, and Burundi until the early 1960s.

The history of jazz in Belgium starts with the Dinant instrument maker Adolphe Sax, whose saxophone became part of military bands in New Orleans around 1900 and would develop into the jazz instrument par excellence. From then on the early history of jazz in Belgium virtually runs parallel to developments in the country of the birth of jazz, from the minstrel shows in the late 19th century until the first Belgian jazz album in 1927 and beyond.

Belgian rock refers to rock music produced in Belgium or written and performed by Belgian musicians. It was originally inspired by rock and roll music from America and the United Kingdom in the 1960s, but later evolved to be influenced by other genres including alternative rock and electronic music.

法国音乐除了有多样的民俗音乐外，它亦受到亚洲、拉丁美洲和非洲的音乐影响。法国有很多著名的作曲家，还有很多流行音乐的表演者。

French classical music began with the sacred music of the Roman Catholic Church, with written records predating the reign of Charlemagne. It includes all of the major genres of sacred and secular, instrumental and vocal music.

French electronic music is a panorama of French music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. Notable early French artists and composers in electronic music include Maurice Martenot, the inventor of the Ondes Martenot in 1928, and Pierre Schaeffer, the developer of the musique concrète in 1948.

As Europe experienced a wave of roots revivals in the 1950s and 1960s, France found its regional culture reviving traditional music. Brittany, Limousin, Gascony, Corsica and Auvergne were among the regions that experienced a notable resurgence in the popularity of folk music.

Bal-musette is a style of French instrumental music and dance that first became popular in Paris in the 1880s. Although it began with bagpipes as the main instrument, this instrument was eventually replaced by the accordion, on which a variety of waltzes, polkas, and other dance styles were played.

Chanson réaliste (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃sɔ̃ ʁealist], realist song) refers to a style of music performed in France primarily from the 1880s until the end of World War II. Influenced by literary realism and the naturalist movements in literature and theatre, chanson réaliste dealt with the lives of Paris's poor and working-class. Chanson réaliste was a musical style that was mainly performed by women; some of the more commonly known performers of the genre include Édith Piaf and Fréhel.

French hip-hop or French rap (French: rap français [ʁap fʁɑ̃sɛ]), is the hip-hop style developed in French-speaking countries. France is the second largest hip-hop market in the world after the United States.

Jazz music has been popular in France since the 1920s. Its international popularity peaked in the 1930s, and it has been continually enjoyed since.

爱尔兰音乐是在爱尔兰岛上以各种流派创作的音乐。受到凯尔特文化影响，又影响了美国音乐。

此条目介绍的是义大利音乐。

Italy’s classical traditions include opera, sacred choral music and instrumental composition, with influential contributions during the Renaissance and Baroque periods.

Italian folk music reflects a long and diverse history. National unification occurred relatively late on the Italian Peninsula, allowing its many hundreds of regional cultures to retain distinct musical traditions.

Italian hip-hop is hip-hop rapped in the Italian language and/or made by Italian artists. One of the first hip-hop crews to catch the attention of the Italian mainstream was Bologna's Isola Posse All Star, then and still today produced by Sandro Orru, also known as DJ Gruff.

Italian jazz refers to jazz music that is played by Italian musicians, or to jazz music that is in some way connected to Italy.

Italian popular music is musical output which is not usually considered academic or classical music but rather has its roots in the popular traditions, and it may be defined in two ways: it can either be defined in terms of the current geographical location of the Italian Republic with the exceptions of the Germanic South Tyrol and the eastern portion of Friuli-Venezia Giulia; alternatively, it can be defined as the music produced by all those people who consider themselves as Italians and openly or implicitly refer to this belief. Both these two definitions are very loose: due to the complex political history of the Italian Peninsula and the different independent political states, cultural and linguistic traditions which sprang within them, it is rather difficult to define what may be considered to be truly Italian.

The Music of Luxembourg is an important component of the country's cultural life. The new Philharmonie concert hall provides a venue for orchestral concerts while opera is frequently presented in the theatres.

The music of Malta ranges across a spectrum of genres such as traditional folk music, metal and various forms of electronica.

Monaco is a sovereign city-state, country, and microstate on the French Riviera, along the Mediterranean coast. The country has long been under the control of the Grimaldi family, who have encouraged musical development.

The Netherlands has multiple musical traditions. Contemporary Dutch popular music is heavily influenced by music styles that emerged in the 1950s, in the United Kingdom and United States.

Portuguese music includes many different styles and genres, as a result of its history. These can be broadly divided into classical music, traditional/folk music and popular music and all of them have produced internationally successful acts, with the country seeing a recent expansion in musical styles, especially in popular musi still the most recognizable Portuguese name in music, and with more recent acts, like Dulce Pontes and Mariza.

Chula is a dance and music genre which originated in Portugal, dating at least from the eighteenth century.

Desgarrada is a popular song from northern Portugal, in which singers improvise, challenge and respond to each other, usually to the sound of a concertina. In addition to the name Desgarradas, they are also called Cantares ao Desafio, Cantigas ao Desafio or Cantigas à Desgarrada.

法多曲（葡萄牙语：fado，意为命运或宿命）是一种音乐类型，可追溯至1820年代的葡萄牙，但起源可能更早。在大众观念中，法多曲的特色是有着悲恸的曲调与歌词，其通常与海或贫困的人生有关。

Coimbra fado (Portuguese: Fado de Coimbra) is a genre of fado originating in the city of Coimbra, Portugal. While adopted by students at the University of Coimbra, and sometimes known as student fado (fado de estudante), it is usually considered the typical music of Coimbra itself.

Pimba is an umbrella term for Portuguese types or genres of music with an uptempo style and/or folk song features, and corny romantic or saucy and vulgar lyrics, which was often associated with poorly educated public from rural areas and suburban poor or working-class neighbourhoods, as well as with Portuguese economic migrants living abroad who spend their holidays in their ancestors' localities across the Portuguese countryside. The Portuguese word pimba by itself means a quick, unexpected event or the end of an action, and is also a slang code word for having any type of sexual pleasure with another person.

Rock music and its subgenres are very popular in Portugal. The history of the Portuguese rock music scene spans several decades.

The musical traditions of Spain have played an important role in the development of both western classical and Latin American music. Spanish music includes many different traditional styles from across the country, among which flamenco and classical guitar are probably the best-known abroad.

Chirigota is a genre of Spanish choral folksong originating in the Province of Cádiz. The songs are satirical in nature and are performed predominantly in the streets by costumed performers during the annual two week carnival.

The copla, copla andaluza ("Andalusian copla"), canción andaluza, canción española, tonadilla or canción folklórica is a form of Spanish popular song, deriving from the poetic form of the same name. Although the genre has a long heritage, it flourished in the 1930s and 1940s, and is epitomized by songwriters Antonio Quintero, Rafael de León and Manuel Quiroga.

The cuplé was a popular risqué Spanish theatre song style in the late years of the 19th century. From 1893 to 1911 the songs were a feature of the "género ínfimo" (lowest type) cabaret theatre sung by solo female singers, or men in drag, and attended mainly by men.

The ensalada (Spanish for salad) is a genre of polyphonic secular music mixing languages and dialects and nonsensical quodlibets. The term is known mainly through a publication, Las Ensaladas de Flecha Prague (1581), by Mateo Flecha the Younger, that contains six long four-part vocal compositions by his uncle Mateo Flecha (1481–1553).

凡丹戈（西班牙语：Fandango）是一种西班牙舞曲，属于弗拉明戈舞的一种方式。曲调快速，为3/4或3/8拍子，一般用吉他和响板伴奏，有时可以加入人声歌唱。

弗拉门戈（西班牙语：flamenco）是源于西班牙南部安达鲁西亚地区的艺术形式，包括歌曲、音乐和舞蹈。 佛朗明哥的形成深受安达卢西亚地区的摩尔人和犹太人的影响，还吸收了大量罗姆人（吉普赛人）的艺术元素。

欢愉调(Alegría)是一种佛朗明哥曲式，跟孤调一样是十二拍。 重音是：1 2 [3] 4 5 [6] 7 [8] 9 [10] 11 [12].

Bulería (Spanish pronunciation: [buleˈɾia]; interchangeable with the plural, bulerías) is a fast flamenco rhythm made up of a 12 beat cycle with emphasis in two general forms as follows: This may be thought of as a measure of 68 followed by a measure of 34 (known as hemiola). For dancers, it is commonly viewed with a compas or bar of 6 counts as opposed to 12.

法鲁卡(Farruca)是一种佛朗明哥曲式，可能源自于西班牙西北方的 Galicia 省， 据说 Francisco Mendoza Ríos "Faíco" (1880-1938), 跟吉他手 Ramón Montoya (1880-1949) 创造。 它是一种轻歌(cante chico)曲式。

Garrotín is a style of improvised song, featuring (palo) flamenco singing, dancing, and guitar playing, which developed near the end of the nineteenth century in Asturias, in northern Spain. It is played or sung in a Major mode, and a simple 2/4 meter, and has a cheerful and festive character.

佛朗明哥伦巴（西班牙语：rumba flamenca），也叫做吉普赛伦巴或西班牙伦巴，是弗拉门戈音乐的一种舞蹈和伴奏音乐曲式。在19世纪，古巴伦巴流传到了西班牙，因而产生了这种曲式。

孤调（soleá）是一种最基本的佛朗明哥曲式，可能发源自于西班牙最南部安达鲁西亚的塞维利亚或加地斯。 通常只使用一把吉他伴奏，调性是 phrygian，用基于第六弦 E 的"por arriba"弹法。

当歌调（Tangos）是一种佛朗明哥曲式，它跟佛朗明哥伦巴的形式跟感觉很相似。通常在接在 Tientos 后面作为收尾。

Tientos is a flamenco Andalusian palo which has a rhythm consisting of 4 beats. It is in the same family as the Tangos, but slower and with different topics, lyrics and mood.

Zambra (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈθambɾa]) (from Andalusi Arabic zamra, originally from classical Arabic zamr) is a style of flamenco dance, typical of the Romani people of the provinces of Granada and Almería (Andalusia, Spain). It is believed that the zambra is a continuation of earlier Morisco styles of dance.

霍塔是一种西班牙舞曲，发源于西班牙东北部的阿拉贡地区，快速，三拍子，伴奏主要用吉他，还要应用响板，用霍塔伴奏的舞蹈疯狂、快速。 许多著名的作曲家也用这种形式创作过著名的作品，如李斯特的《西班牙狂想曲》，格林卡的《阿拉贡霍塔》等。

The muiñeira (Galician: muiñeira, Castilian and Asturian: muñeira) is a traditional dance and musical genre of Galicia and some parts of Asturias (Spain). It is distinguished mainly by its expressive and lively tempo, played usually in 68, although some variants are performed in other time signatures.

帕萨卡利亚舞曲（义大利语：Passacaglia；义大利语发音：[pasːaˈkaʎːa]），或译作帕萨卡亚舞曲，是巴洛克时期晚期的一种曲式，起源于17世纪早期的西班牙，该字有‘过道’的意思。 这种曲式常常被使用于严肃的乐段，且通常（但非总是）以持续低音及三拍子写成。

斗牛舞是从斗牛运动演变而来，本为西班牙的进行曲，西班牙文“paso doble”的意思是“两步”。 斗牛舞是一种两步舞，男士象征斗牛士，女士象征斗牛士用以激怒公牛的红色斗篷，所以女士有相当大的跳跃、旋转动作，男女动作都相当舒展、激烈，和雄壮威武的舞蹈风格和刚劲十足的音乐配合非常一致。

The sardana (Catalan pronunciation: [səɾˈðanə]; plural sardanes in Catalan) is a Catalan musical genre typical of Catalan culture and danced in circle following a set of steps. The dance was originally from the Empordà region, but started gaining popularity throughout Catalonia from the late 19th century to beginning of the 20th century after the modernisation done by Josep Maria Ventura i Casas.

The seguidilla (; Spanish: [seɣiˈðiʎa]; plural in both English and Spanish seguidillas; diminutive of seguida, which means "sequence" and is the name of a dance) is an old Castilian folksong and dance form in quick triple time for two people with many regional variations. The music is generally in a major key and often begins on an offbeat.

Sevillanas (Spanish pronunciation: [seβiˈʝanas]) are a type of folk music and dance of Sevilla and its region. They were derived from the Seguidilla, an old Castilian folk music and dance genre.

Tonadilla was a Spanish musical song form of theatrical origin; not danced. The genre was a type of short, satirical musical comedy popular in 18th-century Spain, and later in Cuba and other Spanish colonial countries.

The zortzico is a dance rhythm that originates in the Basque Country. It is also used as an accompaniment rhythm for vocal melodies, such as "Gernikako arbola", the unofficial anthem of the Basques, composed in 1853 by José María Iparraguirre (Laborde 2001).

Jazz in Spain began with an interest in Dixieland or New Orleans jazz. In that time it evolved into other styles, often influenced by visiting Americans.

Spanish rock is the term used for the variety of rock music produced in Spain. Most bands formed in Spain have sung in Spanish, but many others have sung in English, French and Italian, in addition to the other languages spoken in Spain, such as Catalan, Galician, Basque, Aragonese, and Asturian.

英国音乐至今仍一直非常受欢迎。从1960年代一群音乐家开始推广摇滚乐以后，英国创造出非常多知名的新音乐领域，像是重金属、民谣、鼓打贝斯、车库摇滚、迷幻浩室、庞克、尘垢、金属、英伦摇滚、新浪潮、辗蕊、血腥辗蕊，以及英格兰、苏格兰、威尔斯、北爱尔兰经历革新后的当地民谣。

The folk music of England is a tradition-based music which has existed since the later medieval period. It is often contrasted with courtly, classical and later commercial music.

苏格兰的传统音乐在世界享誉盛名。吉格、侣尔舞等是起源于苏格兰的音乐类型。

The music of Wales, particularly singing, is a significant part of Welsh national identity, and the country is traditionally referred to as "the land of song". This is a modern stereotype based on 19th century conceptions of Nonconformist choral music and 20th century male voice choirs, Eisteddfodau and arena singing, such as sporting events, but Wales has a history of music that has been used as a primary form of communication.

Axé (Portuguese pronunciation: [aˈʃɛ] is a key concept in the regional Candomblé religion, as "the imagined spiritual power and energy bestowed upon practitioners by the pantheon of orixás". It also has ties with the Roman Catholic Church and the Lenten season, which represents the roots of Bahian Carnival.

Brega is a Brazilian musical style and genre that encompasses a variety of rhythms, making it difficult to define a single musical aesthetic. The term emerged pejoratively, used to characterize the romantic and dramatic music of the 1940s and 1950s, considered low-quality or "tacky." Its musical origins are linked to samba-canção, bolero, and Jovem Guarda, and its evolution has been marked by the assimilation of influences and resistance to the hegemonic standards of the recording industry.

Tecno brega or technobrega (technotacky) is a form of music from northern Brazil, particularly Belém, Pará. Music of the genre is created primarily through remixing and reworking songs from popular music and music from the eighties.

Choro (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʃoɾu], "cry" or "lament"), also popularly called chorinho ("little cry" or "little lament"), is an instrumental Brazilian popular music genre which originated in 19th century Rio de Janeiro. Despite its name, the music often has a fast and happy rhythm.

The term forró (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [fɔˈʁɔ]) refers to a musical genre, a rhythm, a dance and the event itself where forró music is played and danced. Forró is an important part of the culture of the Northeastern Region of Brazil.

Frevo is a dance and musical style originating from Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, traditionally associated with Brazilian Carnival. The word frevo is said to come from frever, a variant of the Portuguese word ferver (to boil).

Lambada () is a dance from the state of Pará in Brazil. The dance briefly became internationally popular in the 1980s, especially in the Philippines, Latin America and Caribbean countries.

The term maracatu denotes any of several performance genres found in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Main types of maracatu include maracatu nação (nation-style maracatu) and maracatu rural (rural-style maracatu).

Música popular brasileira (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmuzikɐ popuˈlaʁ bɾaziˈlejɾɐ], "Brazilian popular music") or MPB is a trend in post-bossa nova urban popular music in Brazil that revisits typical Brazilian styles such as samba, samba-canção and baião and other Brazilian regional music, combining them with foreign influences, such as jazz and rock. This movement has produced and is represented by many Brazilian artists, such as Dorival Caymmi, Jorge Ben Jor, Caetano Veloso, Gal Costa, Djavan, Novos Baianos, Tom Jobim, Chico Buarque, Belchior and Elis Regina, whose individual styles generated their own trends within the genre.

热带主义运动（葡萄牙语：Tropicália / Tropicalismo ），是1960年代晚期兴于巴西的文艺运动，虽然包含戏剧、诗歌、音乐等艺术形式，但以音乐为主的文艺运动。最初，热带主义运动融合巴西音乐、非洲节奏乐、摇滚乐等不同类型音乐。

森巴（Samba，[ˈsɐ̃bɐ]）是在20世纪源于巴西里约热内卢非裔巴西族群的音乐类型。森巴源自西非以及巴西民俗传统，特别是和巴西殖民时期及巴西帝国时期的乡村原始森巴有关，森巴是巴西重要的文化现象，也是巴西国家象征之一。

Pagode (Portuguese pronunciation: [paˈɡɔdʒ(i)]) is a Brazilian style of music that originated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as a subgenre of samba. Pagode originally meant a celebration with food, music, dance, and party, which stems from the word's meaning of "fun" or "merrymaking".

十三薪是公司于每年12月底发给员工的额外报酬。虽然支付的金钱数额取决于许多因素，但通常数额为员工一个月的工资。

Baithak Gana (Sarnami: बैठक गाना, بیتک گانا) is a form of music originating in Suriname by the Indo-Surinamese community. Baithak is a social gathering.

Bomba is an umbrella term that refers to a variety of musical styles and associated dances originating in Puerto Rico. It was developed during the 17th century by enslaved Africans and their descendants on sugar plantations along coastal towns, most notably Loiza, Mayagüez, Ponce, and San Juan.

Bouyon (pronunciation: boo-your) is a genre of Dominican music that originated in Dominica in the late 1980s. Prominent bouyon groups include Windward Caribbean Kulture (WCK); Roots, Stems and Branches (RSB); and First Serenade.

Cadence-lypso is a fusion of cadence rampa from Haiti, Jazz, Blues and calypso from Trinidad and Tobago that has also spread to other English speaking countries of the Caribbean. Originated in the 1970s by the Dominican band Exile One, it spread and became popular in the dance clubs around the Creole world and Africa as well as the French Antilles.

卡利普索音乐是一种加勒比地区音乐，起源于19世纪初至中期的千里达及托巴哥，并于20世纪中期传播至安的列斯群岛其他地区。这种歌曲早期主要用以法语为基础的克里奥尔语演唱，由格里奥领唱。

Cha-cha-chá (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌtʃa ˌtʃa ˈtʃa]) is a genre of Cuban music. It has been a popular dance music which developed from the danzón-mambo in the early 1950s, and became widely popular throughout the world.

Chutney music (Caribbean Hindustani: चटनी संगीत, 𑂒𑂗𑂢𑂲 𑂮𑂑𑂹𑂏𑂲𑂞, چٹنی موسیقی) is a fusion genre that blends Hindustani folk music, including Bhojpuri folk music, with Caribbean calypso and soca music, and later with filmi music. This genre of music that developed in Trinidad and Tobago amongst Indo-Trinidadians is popular in Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, other parts of the Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, and South Africa.

In Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, and Suriname, chutney soca music is a crossover style music genre that blends soca and calypso with chutney music—a genre rooted in Indo-Trinidadian culture. It incorporates English, Hindustani, and Hinglish lyrics, using Western instruments such as the guitar, piano, drum set, and Indian instruments such as the dholak, harmonium, tabla, and dhantal.

Chutney parang or parang chutney is a style of music that is a cross between Venezuela, Colombia, and Trinidad and Tobago's traditional Christmas music, parang and Indo-Trinidadian chutney music. It is sung in English, Hindustani, and Spanish.

Compas (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃pa]; Haitian Creole: konpa dirèk; French: compas direct), also known as konpa or kompa, is a modern méringue dance music genre of Haiti. The genre was created by Nemours Jean-Baptiste following the creation of Ensemble Aux Callebasses in 1955, which became Ensemble Nemours Jean-Baptiste in 1957.

舞厅音乐（英语：Dancehall）是起源于牙买加的一种流行音乐流派，从20世纪70年代后期开始发展，并于20世纪80年代中期达到顶峰。 最初，舞厅音乐是一种比根源风格更加简洁的雷鬼音乐。

Mambo is a genre of Cuban dance music pioneered by the charanga Arcaño y sus Maravillas in the late 1930s and later popularized in the big band style by Pérez Prado. It originated as a syncopated form of the danzón, known as danzón-mambo, with a final, improvised section, which incorporated the guajeos typical of son cubano (also known as montunos).

Mento is a style of Jamaican folk music that predates and has greatly influenced ska and reggae music. It is Jamaica’s first commercially recorded music, born out of a fusion of African rhythmic elements and European elements.

Dominican Merengue (Spanish pronunciation: [meˈɾeŋge]) is a type of music and dance originating in present-day Dominican Republic which has become a very popular genre throughout Latin America, and also in several major cities in the United States with Latino communities. Merengue was inscribed on November 30, 2016, in the representative list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity of UNESCO. Dominican Merengue was developed in the middle of the 19th century, originally played with European stringed instruments (bandurria and guitar).

Méringue (French pronunciation: [meʁɛ̃ɡ]; Haitian Creole: mereng), also called méringue lente or méringue de salon (slow or salon méringue), is a dance music and national symbol in Haiti. It is a string-based style played on the guitar, horn section, piano, and other string instruments unlike the accordion-based merengue, and is generally sung in Haitian Creole and French, as well as in English and Spanish.

Mozambique refers to two separate styles of music.

Pichakaree (or pichakaaree) is an Indo-Trinidadian form of music, which originated in Trinidad and Tobago. It is named after the long syringe-like tubes used to spray abir during Phagwah celebrations.

Plena is a genre of music and dance native to Puerto Rico. First played by Afro–Puerto Ricans, the genre has African roots.

Punta is an Afro-indigenous dance and cultural music of the Belizean, Guatemalan, Honduran and Nicaraguan Garífuna people, originating from the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (also known as Yurumei). It has African and Arawak elements which are also the characteristics of the Garífuna language.

Punta rock or Belizean punta, is a form of Garifuna music originating in Belize and created by Pen Cayetano. Songs are usually sung in Belizean Kriol or Garifuna and rarely in Spanish or English.

Rasin, also known as Haitian roots music, is a musical style that began in Haiti in the 1970s, when musicians began combining elements of traditional Haitian Vodou ceremonial and folkloric music with various musical styles. The late 20th century style of this music links to the roots of Vodou tradition, where it came to be known as mizik rasin later in Haitian Creole.

Lovers rock is a style of reggae music noted for its romantic sound and content. While love songs had been an important part of reggae since the late 1960s, the style was given a greater focus and a name in London in the mid-1970s.

Reggae fusion is a fusion genre of reggae that mixes reggae and/or dancehall with other genres, such as pop, rock, hip-hop/rap, R&B, jazz, funk, soul, disco, electronic, and Latin music, amongst others.

雷鬼动（英语：Reggaeton，西班牙语：Reggaetón或Reguetón）是一种1980年代在巴拿马形成的现代流行音乐和电子音乐风格。1990年代初开始波多黎各开始普及这个风格。

Alternative reggaeton is a subgenre of reggaeton that emerged from the reggaeton movement as a reaction to its repetitive and monotone dembow rhythm, and the predominant stereotypical gangsta content that became predictable. The result was a complex sound derived from world sounds, mainly rooted in other Latin American music based genres such as bomba, plena, salsa, bachata, merengue, cumbia, tango and other foreign influenced music such as alternative rock, rock en español and Latin alternative.

关注精神生活、黑人身份与社会抗争，常与拉斯塔法里主题相联系。

慢拍摇滚（英语：Rocksteady）是一种音乐类型，起源于1966年左右的牙买加。作为斯卡音乐的继承者和雷鬼音乐的前身，慢拍摇滚在将近两年的时间里一直是牙买加的主流音乐风格，雷鬼音乐先驱都曾表演过此种音乐。

伦巴（英语：Rhumba），也被称为爱情之舞，是起源于古巴的拉丁舞，所以又叫古巴伦巴，舞曲节奏为4/4拍 。它的特点是较为浪漫，舞姿迷人，性感与热情的；步伐曼妙有爱，缠绵，讲究身体姿态，舞态柔媚，步法婀娜款摆，若即若离的挑逗，是表达男女爱慕情感的一种舞蹈。

萨尔萨音乐（Salsa music），是相当多元及受欢迎的拉丁美洲加勒比海音乐，在波多黎各乐手的演绎下，在世界各地皆有知名度。“萨尔萨”源自“Salsa”的英语发音音译，但其发源地古巴和波多黎各语言为西班牙语，Salsa在西班牙语里的发音则为“萨尔萨”。

斯卡曲风（Ska）发源自牙买加 ，本是该地的传统乐风。经过输入及改进后，于1960年代早期，成为美国流行音乐乐坛的一环，也为美国当地拉丁美洲流行音乐的重要一部份。

Soca music, or the "soul of calypso", is a genre of music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago in the 1970s. It is considered an offshoot of calypso, with influences from Afro-Trinidadian and Indo-Trinidadian rhythms.

Son cubano (Spanish: [ˌsoŋ kuˈβano]), or simply son, is a genre of music and dance that originated in the highlands of eastern Cuba during the late 19th century. It is a syncretic genre that blends elements of Spanish and African origin.

Songo is a genre of popular Cuban music, created by the group Los Van Van in the early 1970s. Songo incorporated rhythmic elements from folkloric rumba into popular dance music, and was a significant departure from the son montuno/mambo-based structure which had dominated popular music in Cuba since the 1940s.

Timba is a Cuban genre of music based on Cuban son with salsa, American FunkoPop/R&B and the strong influence of Afro-Cuban folkloric music. Timba rhythm sections differ from their salsa counterparts, because timba emphasizes the bass drum, which is not used in salsa bands.

Twoubadou (Haitian Creole pronunciation: [twubadu]; French: Troubadour) music is a popular genre of guitar-based music from Haiti that has a long and important place in Haitian culture. The word comes from troubadour, a medieval poet-musician who wrote and sang songs about courtly love.

Zouk is a musical movement and dance pioneered by the French Antillean band Kassav' in the early 1980s. It was originally characterized by a fast tempo (120–145 bpm), a percussion-driven rhythm, and a loud horn section.

Boogaloo or bugalú (also: shing-a-ling, Latin boogaloo, Latin R&B) is a modern jazz genre of Latin music and dance which was popular in the United States in the 1960s. Boogaloo originated in New York City mainly by stateside Cubans and Puerto Ricans with African American music influences.

Bullerengue is a traditional musical genre and dance from the Caribbean region of Colombia. It is sung and preserved primarily by elderly women, accompanied by local artisan drums, and developed in the Palenques or Maroon communities.

Cantes de ida y vuelta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkantes ðe ˈiðaj ˈβwelta]) is a Spanish expression literally meaning roundtrip songs. It refers to a group of flamenco musical forms or palos with diverse musical features, which "travelled back" from Latin America (mainly Cuba) as styles that, having originated in the interplay between musical traditions of peninsular Spain and those of Latin America, developed into renewed forms that were reintroduced in Spain.

佩特内拉 (Petenera) 是一种佛朗明哥曲式。节奏是 12 拍，重拍分布在:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] ，跟 16 世纪的西班牙舞zarabanda还有jácara一样。

Tonás (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈnas]) is a palo or type of flamenco songs. It belongs to the wider category of Cantes a palo seco, palos that are sung a cappella.

打铁调(Martinetes) 是一种佛朗明哥曲式，属于tonás或无伴奏曲式(cantes a palo seco)。虽然在某些佛朗明哥舞蹈表演中，它会用打击乐器使用断续调的节奏来伴奏。

Grupera (also known as Grupero or Onda Grupera) is a subgenre of regional Mexican music. It reached the height of its popularity in the 1990s, especially in rural areas.

Latin Christian music (Spanish: Musica Cristiana Latina) is a subgenre of Latin music and Contemporary Christian music. Christian music is well established in Latin America's Evangelical churches, but is also popular with the major Catholic community.

Banda is a subgenre of regional Mexican music and type of ensemble in which wind (mostly brass) and percussion instruments are performed. The history of banda music in Mexico dates from the middle of the 19th century with the arrival of piston brass instruments, when community musicians tried to imitate military bands.

Norteño or norteña (Spanish pronunciation: [noɾˈteɲo], northern), also música norteña, is a subgenre of regional Mexican music. The music is most often based on duple and triple metre and its lyrics often deal with socially relevant topics, although there are also many norteño love songs.

探戈音乐是一种起源于19世纪末至20世纪初乌拉圭与阿根廷境内的欧洲移民群体的音乐风格。这种音乐融合了西班牙文化、义大利文化、非洲文化及法国文化。

Tropical music (Spanish: música tropical) is a broad category within Latin music that refers to rhythmic, dance-oriented music genres originating from the Spanish-speaking Caribbean and surrounding regions. This includes the islands of Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the Caribbean coastal regions of Colombia, Mexico, Central America and Venezuela.

Bachata is a genre of music that evolved in the Dominican Republic in the 20th century. It contains elements of European (mainly Spanish music), indigenous Taino and African musical elements, representing the cultural diversity of the Dominican population.

Bolero is a genre of song which originated in eastern Cuba in the late 19th century as part of the trova tradition. Unrelated to the older Spanish dance of the same name, bolero is characterized by sophisticated lyrics dealing with love.

Criolla is a genre of Cuban music which is closely related to the music of the Cuban Coros de Clave and a genre of Cuban popular music called Clave. The Clave became a very popular genre in the Cuban vernacular theater and was created by composer Jorge Anckermann based on the style of the Coros de Clave.

Cumbia refers to a number of musical rhythms and folk dance traditions of Latin America, generally involving musical and cultural elements from American Indigenous peoples, Europeans, and Africans during colonial times. Cumbia is said to have come from funeral traditions in the Afro-Colombian community.

Porro is a musical style and dance from the Caribbean region of Colombia. It is a Colombian cumbia rhythm that developed into its own subgenre.

Guajira [ɡwaˈxi.ɾa] is a music genre derived from the punto cubano. According to some specialists, the punto cubano was known in Spain since the 18th century, where it was called "punto de La Habana", and by the second half of the 19th century it was adopted by the incipient Spanish Flamenco style, which included it within its "palos" with the name of guajira.

Within Colombia, the term Música popular (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmusika popuˈlaɾ], 'popular music') is often used to refer to a folk music genre originated between the 1930s and 1940s in the Paisa Region, in the northwestern part of the country, influenced primarily by Mexican folk music, as well as Argentinian, Ecuadorian and Peruvian to a lesser degree. Eventually it lost these combinations and currently is a mixture of different genres of Regional Mexican.

Rumba is a secular genre of Cuban music involving dance, percussion, and song. It originated in the northern regions of Cuba, mainly in urban Havana and Matanzas, during the late 19th century.

80年代中期起，将抒情爱情歌曲与柔和的萨尔萨编曲结合。

Tropipop (also known as Colombian pop and Trop-pop) is a music genre that developed in Colombia in the late 1990s and early 2000s. It is a blend of traditional musical forms of the Caribbean Region of Colombia, mainly vallenato, with foreign Latin genres such as salsa and merengue, and pop and pop rock.

Urbano music (Spanish: música urbana [ˈmusika uɾˈβana]; Portuguese: música urbana [ˈmuzikɐ uʁˈbɐ̃nɐ]) or Latin urban is a transnational umbrella category including many different genres and styles. As an umbrella term it includes a wide and diverse set of genres and styles such as dancehall, dembow, urban champeta, funk carioca, Latin hip hop and reggaeton.

Vallenato (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [baʝeˈnato]) is a popular folk music genre from Colombia. It primarily comes from its Caribbean region.

American rock has its roots from 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also draws from folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music. American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of psychedelic rock.

Canadian folk music has a long history, dating from the 16th and 17th centuries, mostly derived from the music of early settlers and much earlier from the music of indigenous people. Folk music thus differentiates between traditional and contemporary.

Indigenous music of North America, which includes American Indian music or Native American music, is the music that is used, created or performed by Indigenous peoples of North America, including Native Americans in the United States and Aboriginal peoples in Canada, Indigenous peoples of Mexico, and other North American countries—especially traditional tribal music, such as Pueblo music and Inuit music. In addition to the traditional music of the Native American groups, there now exist pan-Indianism and intertribal genres as well as distinct Native American subgenres of popular music including: rock, blues, hip hop, classical, film music, and reggae, as well as unique popular styles like chicken scratch and New Mexico music.

Traditional Inuit music (sometimes Eskimo music, Inuit-Yupik music, Yupik music or Iñupiat music), the music of the Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat, has been based on drums used in dance music as far back as can be known, and a vocal style called katajjaq (Inuit throat singing) has become of interest in Canada and abroad. Characteristics of Inuit music include recitative-like singing, complex rhythmic organization, a relatively small melodic range averaging about a sixth, prominence of major thirds and minor seconds melodically, and undulating melodic movement.

The music of Alaska (Iñupiaq: Alaaskam atuutiŋit) is a broad artistic field incorporating many cultures in the U.S. state of Alaska.

Indigenous music of Canada encompasses a wide variety of musical genres created by Aboriginal Canadians. Before European settlers came to what is now Canada, the region was occupied by many First Nations, including the West Coast Salish and Haida, the centrally located Iroquois, Blackfoot and Huron, the Dene to the North, and the Innu and Mi'kmaq in the East and the Cree in the North.

格陵兰音乐主要是因纽特音乐和丹麦音乐的混合，还混有来自美国和英国的影响。最大的录音公司是来自Sisimut镇的ULO，该公司是由Malik Hoegh和Karsten Sommer创立的。

拉格泰姆（英语：Ragtime）也称为散拍（rag-time）、繁音拍子，是一种原始的音乐风格，1897年至1918年间十分普及。其主要特点是切分音，“衣衫褴褛”的节奏。

The cakewalk was a dance developed from the "prize walks" (dance contests with a cake awarded as the prize) held in the mid-19th century, generally at get-togethers of African Americans on plantations before and after emancipation in the Southern United States. Alternative names for the original form of the dance were chalkline-walk, and the walk-around.

Classic rag (short for classical ragtime) is the style of ragtime composition pioneered by Scott Joplin and the Missouri school of ragtime composers. These compositions were first considered "classic" by Joplin's publisher, John Stark, as a way to distinguish them from what he considered the "common" rags of other publishers.

Folk ragtime is a subgenre of ragtime, a distinctly American music. It is sometimes referred to as a "school" of ragtime, or "strains" of ragtime.

Novelty piano is a genre of piano and novelty music that was popular during the 1920s. A successor to ragtime and an outgrowth of the piano roll music of the 1910s, it can be considered a pianistic cousin of jazz, which appeared around the same time.

In music and jazz harmony, the Stomp progression is an eight-bar chord progression named for its use in the "stomp" section of the composition "King Porter Stomp" (1923) by Jelly Roll Morton. The composition was later arranged by Fletcher Henderson, adding greater emphasis on the Trio section, containing a highly similar harmonic loop to that found in the Stomp section.

佛教音乐，在古时也叫佛曲，属宗教音乐的一种。原指佛教仪式中的梵呗，但现在多包含透过唱片工业产生的录音音乐，此种音乐已结合流行音乐，歌词亦不受限于经文或咒语，可作为音乐治疗方式之一。

基督教音乐（英语：Christian music），又称圣乐、圣歌、赞美诗、圣诗、诗歌，是基督教宗教仪式上演唱和演奏的音乐，内容主要是表达基督徒对上帝的感情，同时也传达上帝给众生的启示。基督教音乐常见的主题包括赞美、敬拜、忏悔和哀叹等。

Hindu spiritual music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism. It includes Indian classical music, Kirtan, Bhajan and other musical genres.

Islamic music collectively refers to the musical traditions among various Muslim populations throughout history. It implies both religious music, as performed in public or private devotional services; and generally secular music associated with any cultures historically dominated or heavily influenced by Islam, including those of West Asia and North Africa, parts of the Horn of Africa and West Africa, Central Asia, South Asia, and the Balkans.

This article describes the principal types of religious Jewish music from the days of the Temple to modern times.

Modern pagan music or neopagan music is music created for or influenced by modern Paganism. Music produced in the interwar period include efforts from the Latvian Dievturība movement and the Norwegian composer Geirr Tveitt.

拉斯塔法里运动（Rastafari movement），又被称为拉斯塔法里教（Rastafarianism），是1930年代起自牙买加兴起的一个亚伯拉罕诸教宗教运动与社会运动。

Shinto music is the ceremonial and festive music of Shinto (神道), the indigenous religion of Japan. Its origin myth is the erotic dance of Ame-no-Uzume-no-Mikoto which lured Amaterasu from her cave.

Sikh music is the classical music style that is practised within Sikhism. It exists in institutional, popular, and folk traditions, forms, and varieties.

中国道教音乐是中国道教文化的重要组成部分之一，传统上可分为全真（十方韵）、正一两大类。道乐不仅与道教历史同样久远而且秘而不传，其旋律为古雅风格，为宗教与艺术的互相结合。

Zoroastrian music is a genre of religious music that accompanies religious and traditional rites among the Zoroastrian people. Although certain ancient Zoroastrian traditions show a negative approach towards Zoroastrian melodies such as the pre-Islamic pastorals and minstrels, Zoroastrian music has been in the religion since it was founded.

American patriotic music is a part of the culture and history of the United States since its foundation in the 18th century. It has served to encourage feelings of honor both for the country's forefathers and for national unity.

Christmas music comprises a variety of genres of music regularly performed or heard around the Christmas season. Music associated with Christmas may be purely instrumental, or in the case of carols, may employ lyrics about the nativity of Jesus Christ, traditions such as gift-giving and merrymaking, cultural figures such as Santa Claus, or other topics.

舞曲（英语：Dance music，直译：「舞蹈音乐」），是专门为了辅助或伴奏舞蹈而加强节奏感并重新编曲创作的音乐。它可以是整首歌曲，也可以是大型音乐编排的一部分。

Huayno (Waynu in Quechua) is a genre of popular Andean music and dance. It is especially common in Peru, western Bolivia, northwest Argentina and northern Chile, and is popular among the indigenous peoples, especially the Quechua people.

Mele are chants, songs, or poems. The term comes from the Hawaiian language.

Son mexicano (Spanish: [ˈsom mexiˈkano]) is a style of Mexican folk music and dance that encompasses various regional genres, all of which are called son. The term son mexicano literally translates to “the Mexican sound” in English.

Música criolla, Peruvian Creole music or canción criolla is a varied genre of Peruvian music that exhibits influences from European, African and Andean music. The genre's name reflects the coastal culture of Peru, and the local evolution of the term criollo, a word originally denoting high-status people of full Spanish ancestry, into a more socially inclusive element of the nation.

无伴奏合唱，中文音译阿卡贝拉或阿卡佩拉（义大利语：A cappella），是指无乐器伴奏的纯人声音乐。又简称阿贝、阿伯。

理发师合唱（英语：barbershop music）指一种无伴奏的合唱方式团体，也泛指理发师合唱这种类型的歌曲。

Collegiate a cappella (or college a cappella) ensembles are college-affiliated singing groups, primarily in the United States, and, increasingly, the United Kingdom and Ireland, that perform entirely without musical instruments. The groups are typically composed of, operated by, and directed by students.

社交舞，又称交谊舞或交际舞，是来源于西方的一种舞伴舞。

时装舞（英语：Vogue），又叫「Voguing」，是一种高度风格化、现代的浩室舞蹈，1980年代在美国纽约哈林区舞厅的变装皇后开始流行。这种舞蹈因为1990年玛丹娜的歌曲《Vogue》及其音乐录影带，以及1990年纪录片《巴黎在燃烧》而得到了主流曝光。

A bedroom producer is an amateur musician who creates, performs, and records their music independently using a home studio, often considered a hobbyist opposed to a professional record producer in the recording industry that works in a traditional studio with clients. Typically bedroom producers use accessible digital technology that costs less than the equipment in a professional studio, such as MIDI controller-based instruments and virtual studio technology (software synthesized instruments and digital effects), to create music for release to the world.

Children's music or kids' music is music composed and performed for children. In European-influenced contexts this means music, usually songs, written specifically for a juvenile audience.

Computer music is the application of computing technology in music composition, to help human composers create new music or to have computers independently create music, such as with algorithmic composition programs. It includes the theory and application of new and existing computer software technologies and basic aspects of music, such as sound synthesis, digital signal processing, sound design, sonic diffusion, acoustics, electrical engineering, and psychoacoustics.

An Internet meme, or meme (), is a cultural item (such as an idea, behavior, or style) that spreads across the Internet, now primarily through social media platforms. Internet memes manifest in a variety of formats, including images, videos (e.g.

Drug use in music has been a topic of discussion and debate since at least the 1930s, if not earlier. As stated in the old saying "wine, women and song", association of music with using various substances go back centuries.

原声音乐（英语：soundtrack），全称影视原声音乐大碟（英语：original soundtrack，简称：OST），又称原声带，多指以电影、戏剧、动画或电子游戏之配乐为内容的音乐唱片。

Independent music (also commonly known as indie music, or simply indie) is a broad style of music characterized by creative freedom, low budgets, and a do-it-yourself approach to music creation. It originated from the liberties afforded by independent record labels.

多乐器演奏家是指能以专业水平演奏两种以上乐器的音乐家。 多乐器演奏可以更灵活、有效率地使用音乐家。

贝斯手是演奏贝斯（贝司）的音乐家，而贝司一词至少可以指两种乐器：低音提琴和电贝斯（又叫低音吉他），所以笼统地来讲，贝司手亦可分别指称低音提琴家或电贝司手。但在一般口语中，贝司手更多地指的是摇滚乐中演奏电贝司的人，如照片所示。

鼓手，在乐队中是演奏鼓的成员；而在摇滚乐或流行乐中则负责打击乐器（或称爵士鼓）。鼓手主要掌控音乐的速度、力度、节奏框架以及风格等等。

打击乐器，又名敲击乐器，是一种以打、摇动、摩擦、刮等方式产生效果的乐器族群。打击乐器可能是最古老的乐器。

Found objects are sometimes used in music, often to add unusual percussive elements to a work. Their use in such contexts is as old as music itself, as the original invention of musical instruments almost certainly developed from the sounds of natural objects rather than from any specifically designed instruments.

吉他手是演奏吉他的音乐家，乐器可能包括古典吉他、原音吉他、电吉他和贝斯吉他。部分吉他手亦可在演出过程中进行自弹自唱。

钢琴家是指具有公认地位、造诣较高的职业钢琴演奏者。

键盘手（Keyboardist）是在乐团中操作键盘的人。现代乐团主要乐器由键盘、吉他、贝斯和爵士鼓构成。

A one-man band is a musician who plays a number of instruments simultaneously using their hands, feet, limbs, and various mechanical or electronic contraptions. One-man bands also often sing while they perform.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) music is music that focuses on the experiences of gender and sexual minorities as a product of the broad gay liberation movement. LGBTQ music spans the entire spectrum of popular music.

Martial music or military music is a specific genre of music intended for use in military settings performed by professional soldiers called field musicians. Much of the military music has been composed to announce military events as with bugle calls and fanfares, or accompany marching formations with drum cadences, or mark special occasions as by military bands.

Nerd music (or geek music) is the overall category of music collecting the musical genres that grew from nerd culture; different styles that share the same common ground.

Theatre music refers to a wide range of music composed or adapted for performance in theatres. Genres of theatre music include opera, ballet and several forms of musical theatre, from pantomime to operetta and modern stage musicals and revues.

A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.

牙买加录音室实验重新塑造雷鬼录音，为音响系统音乐开辟新的路径。

重复与逐渐变化的织体，成为战后作曲探索的重要方向之一。

A bass-heavy house style that combines house rhythms with prominent distorted bass sounds and influences from bass music.